M'litali mlatho kudutsa Kerch Khwalala akadali osati kwenikweni kudziwika. Mbiri, yalelo ndi mlatho kudutsa Kerch Khwalala

Kamangidwe ka mlatho pa gombe la Taman Peninsula kudutsa Kerch Khwalala chapeza patsogolo mwamsanga reunification wa Crimea ndi Russia. Pamene latsopano zoyendera mphambano kudzachitika ntchito, adzakhala mwachindunji kulumikiza Krasnodar dera ndi Crimea. Posachedwapa pambali kwa kapangidwe ndi kafukufuku ntchito pa ntchito yomanga yokha. Ngakhale kuti kudziwa zimene adzakhala kutalika kwa mlatho kudutsa Kerch Khwalala. Mwina kulowera ku nthawi 2 kuposa kukula kwa ntchito yomanga ofanana mu 1944. Modern mlatho ndizi kwambiri imathandizira kukula kwa ntchito zokopa alendo m'chigawo komanso ulimi.

The ulalo Kerch Khwalala. zithunzi ntchito

Ntchito maofesi ndizi zoyendera anali kuperekedwa kwa akatswiri a Unduna wa Transport a ku Russia komanso a ntchito interdepartmental. Mmodzi wa latsopano zomangamanga mayendedwe a Crimea - mlatho awiri mlingo kudutsa Kerch Khwalala - adzakhala pamodzi (msewu ndipo njanji). lingaliro ili la akatswiri Utumiki pambuyo kuphunzira njira zonse.

Okonza analenga ntchito 74 zimasiyanasiyana mtengo, kutalika misewu mwayi. Pakati pawo pali zimene mungachite kuti pomanga mumphangayo ku mfundo Tuzla ndi nkhumba. m'munda wa akatswiri yomanga mlatho ankaona mwayi onse, koma ananena kuti m'ngalande adzakhala mtengo kuposa mlatho, ndipo adzayenera kumanga kwambiri. Mawu a pomanga mlatho ophatikizana kudutsa chipata - zaka 3.5. Pali zimene mungachite kuti ntchito yomanga zoyendera kulowera ku doko "Caucasus" ndi mfundo zina. Photo mmodzi wa ntchito amapereka maganizo a mitundu iwiri mlingo misewu ndi mizere sitima.

The ntchito kwambiri zingamuthandize

Akatswiri a Unduna wa Transport ndi bungwe la Interdepartmental mosamala ntchito zonse mlatho pakati pa Caucasus ndi Crimea. The kwambiri zingamuthandize anazindikira mitundu 4 wa 74 wa. Aliyense ali ndi kutalika osiyana mlatho kudutsa Kerch Khwalala:

1. "Kumpoto" - njira ya Cape nyali ndi mamita Small ngodya kutalika kwake 10,3 Km ..
2. "Zhukovsky" - mlatho kudutsa kuchokera Zhukovka kumulavulira nkhumba, kutalika - 6.3 Km.
3. "Yenikalsky" - mlatho moperewera mayikidwe a Khwalala ya 5,7 Km m'litali.
4. "Tuzla" - kusintha kuchokera zoyendera mamita dera limeneli limatchedwa-baka ichidachi kuti Tuzla, kutalika kwa -11,7 Km..

mtengo ntchito

Poyamba, Unduna wa Transport la Chitaganya cha Russia waneneratu ndi osachepera kuchuluka 50 biliyoni. Rubles zofunika pomanga mlatho msewu pakati Taman ndi Kerch chilumba. Pulezidenti Russian Vladimir Putin anati ndipo anawonjezera ntchito: kumanga wamba zoyendera ziwirizi (msewu ndipo njanji).

The mitundu ya kuwonjezapo kupanga mlatho wa m'ngalande pa Khwalala pansi. The mtengo okwana nyumba yonseyo adzakhala woyengedwa mpaka m'ma yophukira 2014, monga kutalika kwa mlatho kudutsa Kerch Khwalala. Ndi nthawi ayenera kutha zomangamanga ndi chitukuko ntchito, omwe anali atagwira m'dera la yomanga m'tsogolo.

Malinga ndi akatswiri, pomanga ndalama mlatho akhoza upambana $ biliyoni 300. Rubles. Mozungulira biliyoni 84. Rubles kuchuluka okwana udzakhala ntchito kukonzekera. Mtengo ikugwiridwira ndi lonse ukuwonjezeka yomanga monga kuphunzira zinthu zachilengedwe njirayi, matabwa ake Geological ndi malo pa Kerch Peninsula zinthu za mbiri, chikhalidwe ndi zinthu zofukulidwa.

Bridge mu Kerch Khwalala

Ulalo wa Tuzla kuti m. Dera limeneli limatchedwa-baka ichidachi anasankha Interministerial Commission, kumakhala yomanga njanji ndi msewu pa izo. awiri njanji mwache anamanga msewu zinayi kanjira adzaikidwa. Kenaka pamzera sitima akupita pansi galimoto, ndi pafupi ndi izo. osiyana msewu ndipo njanji kuwoloka adzamangira pa malovu m'munsi. Pankhani zoyendera kulowera kumanga kuti "Tuzla" ntchito Pakufunika yaifupi njanji ndi msewu m'makomo (36 ndi 38 Km motero). Mbali Baibulo, womwenso pomanga mlatho kanjira Tuzla Malovu, - ndalama mu kumanga misewu mwayi.

"Tuzla njira"

Tuzla ndi damu ili kum'mwera kwa njirayi, mu wodziika wa chandamale ake. Yomanga gawo ili la polojekiti n'chosiyana kwambiri njira kulumikiza doko "Kavkaz" kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo Chushka plait:

1. "Tuzla njira" amapereka pomanga kulowera yaitali. Malinga ndi ntchito kutalika mlatho kudutsa Kerch Khwalala lidzafika makilomita 11,7.
2. m'dera zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito yomanga ya zomangamanga lonse, kuphatikizapo malo ndi zina.
3. Iwo adzatha kuwateteza ku zotsatira za zikuluzikulu yomanga n'chodabwitsa Msukuti kuikidwa ndi zokopa zina kwakukulu m'deralo.
4. Kumathandiza adzayesa circumvent ndi zachilendo mbali chilengedwe cha Kerch ndi Taman Peninsula - matope mapiri.

mbali Natural wa Kerch Khwalala

Kumangidwa kwa zoyendera kulowera adzayamba nditamaliza miyala, hydrological ndi ena maphunziro m'dera la pomanga mlatho. zinthu Tectonic ndi zovuta, wokondwa noticeable pa topezeka ali ndi ntchito zachuma. ntchito anakonza sayenera kuvutitsa navigation ndi nsomba chuma cha Khwalala. The okonza ntchito ndayesera kuganizira makhalidwe zachilengedwe ndi zikhalidwe za madzi kulekanitsa Taman ndi Crimea. Kerch Khwalala (kukufikira):

• magwero - tectonic;
• Utali - 45 Km;
• m'lifupi - kuchokera 4.5 kuti 15 Km;
• kuya - 5-15 mamita;
• Mfundo kwambiri Kerch Peninsula - mamita dera limeneli limatchedwa-baka ichidachi ;.
• Krasnodar m'mphepete kwambiri mfundo - M Tuzla ;.
• Nyengo - zolimbitsa chokhala.

Kerch Khwalala - zoyendera wakale kulowera

mzinda Kerch linakhazikitsidwa ndi atsamunda Greek pakati pa BC VI atumwi. e. Pano anapeza mabwinja a mzinda wakale mzinda Panticapaeum - likulu la Bosporan Ufumu. m'gawo Khwalala kalelo ankatchedwa Cimmerian Bosporus kuti kufanana ndi Bosphorus pakati pa Black Sea ndi Nyanja Aegean (Mediterranean Sea). Western khwalala gawo umatsuka Kerchensky Crimea chilumba (Tavridy). Kum'mawa ndi Taman Peninsula. Pafupi ndi Kerch anapeza n'chodabwitsa Msukuti manda, midzi wakale, misikiti ndi zipilala zina za mbiri ndi chikhalidwe.

The mgwirizano pakati m'malire kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa analipo kalelo. Cimmerians akhoza kuwapeza ng'ombe zawo kuyenda m'madzi osaya, kulumikiza Nyanja ya Azov ndi Black Sea. Kachigawo Kerch Khwalala amalola amalonda ndi asodzi mabwato kuwoloka. mzinda Kerch m'gulu la UNESCO cholowa mndandanda monga gawo limene Wamkulu silika Road. Kerch njira analinso mbali ya msewu, wotchedwa "Varangians Ahelene". Pa pansi zimapezeka mwina adalowetsedwa mzinda wakale Greek, zidutswa za Zombo Zankhondo wa Ottoman.

Mbiri ya mlatho (1903-1953)

Mu zaka za m'ma makumi awiri, boma la Britain anali zomanga njira sitima ku England kwa Crimea, ulalo pakati pa Kerch Khwalala, kutsegula njira yopita ku Caucasus kuti India. Pa kukhazikitsa ntchitoyi analibe ndalama zokwanira. Mfumu Nicholas II komanso ndinalota mu 1903 kuti boma Russian adzamange ulalo Kerch Khwalala pakati Kerch ndi Taman, koma kukhazikitsa dongosolo mawu nkhondo ya 1914. Pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, ndi North-Caucasus dera ndi Crimea anali zochitika za nkhondo mantha pakati Germany ndi USSR. asilikali German anamanga pontoon ulalo Kerch Khwalala, koma Mtsogoleri akufuna kumanga 5 kilometre okhazikika m'chaka cha 1943.

Lingaliro la mlatho ndi German wamanga Alberta Shpeera Nazi Aroma omwe ankalamulira dzikolo analibe nthawi kuzitsatira. Pambuyo athamangitsidwe wa Nazi ku Taman ndi Crimea Soviet akatswiri nakhalanso German ntchito, omanga ntchito zitsulo nyumba ndi zida anasiyidwa ndi Anazi. Kumapeto kwa April 1944 tinayamba khazikitsa milu, ndipo kumayambiriro November wa Caucasus kwa chaka chomwecho anapita mbali yoyamba ya "Crimea" siteshoni. Mu February 1945 mlatho anakomoka pansi mavuto midadada ayezi kuti mphepo ndi mafunde nizitengedwa ku Nyanja ya Azov. Mu 1953 anayamba ntchito boti, yolumikiza ndi Taman ndi Kerch.

Zosachitika Ntchito Bridge

Utatha wa USSR, Russia ndi Ukraine mobwerezabwereza anaukitsa nkhani ya mayendedwe kulowera mwa Kerch Khwalala. Kuyambira mu 1991 wakhala akupangidwa 20 ntchito mu zokambirana zomwe panafika atsogoleri a Ukraine ndi Russia. Mu 2004, mabwato kutumikira njira m'malo ndi zokambirana mwalowa gawo yaitali motero. Ntchitoyi atachira mu 2010, pamene Ukraine anali kusintha kwa boma. Mu umodzi wa ulaliki wa analengeza magawo yomanga: kutalika mlatho - 4.2-4.5 Km, ndalama - biliyoni 24 rubles .. Kuti Yuro-2012 zoyendera ndimeyi anali kugwirizanitsa Caucasus ndi Crimea, koma kumanga ake kulephereka kachiwiri. The ulalo Kerch Khwalala anakonza chilili madzulo wa Sochi Olympic. Ndiye Commission Interstate ndinaganizira yaifupi Baibulo "kumpoto" (kuchokera m. Nyali kuti m. Small Kut). ntchito yomanga wosasiya pepala.

Krasnodar dera - Crimea

Pamene kupanga mlatho watsopanoyo adzaphulitsa ntchito akuwoloka analipo a Khwalala ya Kerch (doko "Caucasus" - "Crimea" doko). Nyengo 2014 akulonjeza kuti "otentha." Kuti tifike Crimea kupuma, ndi Russia sitima kuti Krasnodar kapena Anapa. kupitiriza njira basi ku doko "Kavkaz", kenako boti ku doko "Crimea" ku likulu la Kuban, kapena Black Sea gombe. Wina zosinthika ya kubala m'basimo - by catamaran ku Anapa kuti doko Kerch.

Kerch Bridge: A m'tsogolo

Malinga ndi akatswiri, palibe zopinga kuti Kumangidwa kwa latsopano zoyendera zolumikizanazo. Russian akatswiri a nthaka ndi hydrology ndikuchititsa maphunziro zofunika ndi miyezo ya gombe la Kerch Khwalala. Zokonda zapatsidwa kwa options njira, akuti "Zhukovsky" ndi "Tuzla". Mu mumayesto ntchito imeneyi kuganizira zifukwa zambiri, monga kuteteza zipilala pa magombe a Khwalala. Mlatho adzakhala akulumikiza awiri otchuka tchuthi dera akufunika chitukuko. Chuma cha chilumba cha Crimea kulandira Kuwonjezera waukulu kwa zomangamanga zoyendera wofunikila chitukuko cha ulimi, madoko, ntchito zokopa alendo komanso ulimi.