Shpeer Albert: yonena, photos, ntchito. Albert Speer m'ndende

Wazomangamanga Shpeer Albert anali mlembi wa m'patali ntchito ambiri m'tauni chitukuko Nazi Germany. Iye anali mu malo atangochimwa Adolf Hitler ndipo anali ndi chidaliro osowa wa Mfumu.

ntchito Early

Speer anabadwa mu kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa Germany, mu mzinda wa Mannheim, March 19, 1905. Bambo ake anali munthu wamanga, ndipo uyamiko kwa Iye anapanga zokonda ndi zofuna za mwanayo. Albert anaphunzira ku Karlsruhe, Munich ndi Berlin. Pa 22, maphunziro Metropolitan College ndipo anakhala wamanga aŵiri.

ntchito Speer anayamba anakhala mphunzitsi. Monga katswiri wa zomangamanga anati kwambiri apolitical unyamata wake, ndi achinyamata. Komabe, pa nthawi ino, Germany anali kudutsa vuto la mavutowo, chifukwa cha zimene wakhala wotchuka kwakukulu Nazi Party. Mu 1930, Shpeer Albert anagwirizana tithe ake atamva mawu Hitler, lomwe ndi ouziridwa kwambiri ndipo anasiya mumaona.

Kulumikizana chipani cha Nazi

Mnyamatayo sanali membala wa chipanichi. Anapezeka yekha pa kagulu ka troopers namondwe (SA). zandale sizinamulepheretse kukula mwaukadaulo. Anakakhala ku Mannheim lakwawo ndi kuyamba kulandira malangizo kupanga nyumba mapulani. Utsogoleri chipani amadziwikanso wathunso talente wamng'ono. Nazi ndalama zogulira kumanganso nyumbayi, yomwe m'nyumba ntchito za NSDAP.

Kukhazikitsanso nyumbayi kwa Utumiki wa Propaganda

Ngakhale ndiye, Shpeer Albert anali mwachindunji bwino mtsogoleri wa MCP. Mu 1933, Hitler anafika mphamvu. Ndiye Goebbels, Speer anapereka udindo kwambiri pa nthawi ya ntchito kuti iye - kumanganso nyumba chakale, omwe amayenera kuyamba ntchito ku Unduna wa Propaganda. Ilo linali dongosolo latsopano kutatha Nazi atayamba kulamulira. utumiki anali m'madipatimenti angapo - .. Administrative, udindo atolankhani, mabodza, wailesi, mabuku, etc. mabungwe ambiri anthu ambirimbiri ambiri ogwira ntchito. Iye ankayenera kuti agwirizane mu nyumba yatsopano, moti osati ntchito bwinobwino, komanso mofulumira tilankhule wina ndi mnzake. ntchito onsewa patsogolo pa gulu lotsogoleredwa ndi Shpeer Albert. Ntchito wofuna wamanga linawapatsa chidaliro kuti iye kupirira cholinga chake. Ndipo kotero izo zinachitika. Pa ntchitoyi , Albert Speer nakokera tcheru wa Mfumu. Hitler anali mmisiri wake - Paul Troost. Speer anaikidwa wachiwiri wake.

Wothandizira Paulo Troost

Paulo Troost anali wotchuka ndi ntchito yake Munich, kumene Hitler anakhala zaka zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, izi wotchuka Brown House, kumene mpaka mapeto a nkhondoyo inali likulu Bavarian wa Nazi Party. Mu 1934 Troost anafa - chakachi Speer anaikidwa wachiwiri wake.

Atamwalira, Hitler anapanga achinyamata wake akatswiri wamanga, kupatsa iye ndi ntchito zofunika kwambiri. Shpeer Albert ananyamula kukonzanso likulu la Ulamuliro wa Nazi Chancellery. Chaka asanamwalire Troost iye anali ndi udindo chilango cha Party Congress makhalidwe unachitikira ku Nuremberg. Kwa nthawi yoyamba lonse la Germany anaona chitsanzo cha chizindikiro chachikulu cha ulamuliro wa Hitler - nsalu ofiira ndi chizindikiro cha Black Mphungu. msonkhano uno analandidwa mu propaganda zopelekedwa "Kupambana kwa Chikhulupiriro". The abwana zambiri zimene zinali pa tepi, anali Albert Speer. Wazomangamanga ku nthawi kuti anaonekera pafupi atangochimwa Adolf Hitler.

Ngakhale zochita zambiri Shpeer Albert, wina moyo zachitika bwino, musaiwale za banja lanu. Anakwatira Margaret Weber, iwo anali ndi ana 6.

Berlin kukonzanso

Mu 1937, Shpeer Albert anaikidwa Inspector General likulu lachifumu, ndi udindo yomanga. katswiri wa zomangamanga adauzidwa kusodza kukhazikitsanso wathunthu wa Berlin. Ndondomeko inatha mu 1939.

Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a, Berlin anali kutenga dzina latsopano - likulu dziko la Germany. mawu amasonyeza mabodzawo zonse ndi maziko maganizo kwa kukonzanso kwa mzindawo. dzinali ntchito Latin Baibulo la kalembedwe la mawu akuti "Germany". Mu German zinatanthauza osati dziko (zocheperapo), ndi fano lake chosalimba. Zinali zophiphiritsa mayiko, amene anali wotchuka m'zaka za m'ma XIX, pamene panalibe United Germany. Anthu a maukulu ambiri ankakhulupirira kuti fano chimodzimodzi kwa anthu onse German, kaya m'dera la boma anakhala.

Pa kusodza likulu latsopano ntchito mwachindunji ndi Adolf Hitler ndi anamuperekeza lake Albert Speer. zomangamanga mumzindawo anali kukhala yaikulu, izo zikanakhala zimaimira likulu la dziko. Mu mawu ake onse, Hitler watchulidwa mobwerezabwereza likulu latsopano. Malinga ndi lingaliro lake, pamzinda kukhala ngati Babulo kapena Rome pamene kuli ufumu wakale. Kumene, London ndi Paris zikuoneka tawuni akuzigawo poyerekezera izo.

Ambiri mwa mfundo za Mfumu anazunzika pepala Shpeer Albert. Photo wa Berlin wamakono muli ena mwa maganizo ake akuyendera. Mwachitsanzo, ndi nyali odziwika kuti akhala anaika pafupi ndi Charlottenburg Chipata. likulu anali kuti chinamulowerera ndi nkhwangwa awiri misewu umene ungampange mosavuta mphete njira yozungulira mzindawo. Mu mtima wa Ulamuliro wa Nazi Chancellery zikanakhala, pa kumanganso amenenso ntchito Albert Speer. Ntchito za mmisiri zokhudza kukonzanso kwa Berlin, anali ovomerezedwa ndi Mtsogoleri.

Kuti Speer posachedwapa angakubwezereninso moyo pulani wofuna, Hitler anam'patsa mphamvu kuposa kale lonse. The wamanga sankakhoza ngakhale kuganizira maganizo a Berlin mzinda boma, kuphatikizapo woweruza. Komanso limayankhula za digiri kwambiri chikhulupiriro chimene Hitler anali kwa anamuperekeza wake.

Kukhazikitsa ntchitoyi

The kukonzanso kwa mzindawo unali kuyamba ndi kugwetsa linali lalikulu zogona, amene ali kunyumba kwa anthu pafupifupi 150 zikwi. Zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti likulu panali ambiri osowa pokhala. Pofuna kuthetsa osowa pokhala chifukwa nyumba mu Berlin anayamba chokana ndi Ayuda amene anali atulutsidwa zipinda zazikulu zokhala ndi banja lawo. Tidawapatsa malo ogona kwa anthu osoŵa, amene kumpanda anali anagwetsa zomangira.

ntchito unayambitsidwa madzulo a Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World ndipo zinatha mpaka 1943, pamene zotupa zambiri pa amadzibisa osiyana kwabweretsa mavuto a zachuma. Kumanganso wakhala atapanga mpaka nthawi bwino, koma osati alikukonzeka chifukwa cha kugonjetsedwa kwa ulamuliro wa Hitler.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kukonzanso chatithandizira osati malo omwe anthu amakhalako. Kumanda anawonongedwa mu madera osiyana a mzinda. Pa kukhazikitsanso izo anali reburied 15 zikwi mitembo.

holo ya Anthu

Folk Hall anali mmodzi wa malingaliro ofunika kwambiri amene anali kuperekedwa mu chimango cha ntchito ya kukhazikitsanso Berlin. Nyumba imeneyi inali kudzaonekera mu kumpoto kwa likulu ndi kukhala chizindikiro chofunika kwambiri za mphamvu ya boma German. Momwe munakonzera ndi Speer, m'holo yaikulu akhoza kuika 150 zikwi alendo pa mapwando.

Mu May 1938, Hitler anapita Rome. Mu likulu wakale anapita zambiri zakale, kuphatikizapo Pantheon. Ndi nyumba iyi anakhala zinachitika wa Nyumba ya Anthu Onse. Berlin akufuna kumanga Pantheon mwambambande nsangalabwi ndi lubwe. Hitler ankaganiza kuti nyumba idzalimba kwa zaka zosachepera zikwi khumi. Komanso nyumba zina zofunika likulu latsopano, Folk Hall anali kumangidwa ndi 1950, pamene Germany potsiriza Ndaligonjetsa Europe.

Korona wa yomanga mzikiti anali kuti ntchito ndi kakhumi voliyumu ya m'tchalitchi chachikulu cha St. Peter ku Vatican. Akatswiri amanena kuti ntchito yomanga Nyumba ya zingawatayitse ndi German chuma biliyoni Reichsmarks.

membala wa Reichstag

Popeza isanayambike nkhondo ndi ambiri za ntchito ya akatswiri Speer kumachititsanso ndi likulu, iye anayamba kutenga nawo mbali pa nchito ya mzinda. Kuyambira 1941 mpaka 1945 wamanga anali membala wa Berlin Reichstag. Iye anasankhidwa kuti ndondomeko kumadzulo kwa mzinda.

Ulamuliro wa Nazi nduna ya zida zankhondo ndi zipolopolo

Mu 1942 pa ngozi ya ndege pafupi Rastenburg anafa Ulamuliro wa Nazi armament ndi zipolopolo Fritz Todt. Positi wopanda mosayembekezereka yoikidwiratu Albert Speer. The yonena za munthu uyu ndi chitsanzo cha mbiri ya membala kulangidwa chipani mwakhama kuchita ntchito yake, ziribe kanthu zomwe malo unachitikira.

Speer komanso udindo anayendera mphamvu ndi misewu mu Germany. Iye pafupipafupi makampani ndi mafakitale dziko ndipo anachita zonse kuonetsetsa kuti ali ngati n'zotheka pa mphamvu zonse, kupereka asilikali ndi zonse muyenera mwa mawu okwana nkhondo. Mmalo awa, ambiri Speer anathandizana ndi Genrihom Gimmlerom yemwe ankatsogolera m'misasa ndende. Minister Ulamuliro wa Nazi anatha kulenga dongosolo zachuma zimene boma moyo chifukwa cha ntchito yokakamiza akaidi. Panthawi imeneyi, akulu onse ndi Germany wathanzi kumenyana kutsogolo, kotero makampani anali kukhala zinthu zina.

The miyezi yomaliza ya nkhondo

Spring 1944 kunali kovuta kuti Speer. Iye anadwala ndipo sanathe ntchito. Mwina chifukwa cha kulibe, koma kwa gawo lalikulu chifukwa cha vuto la zachuma pa nthawi ino, makampani German pang'ono kutha. Chilimwe zinalephereka chiwembu, cholinga chimene anali kuphedwa kwa Hitler anali wamaliseche. oukira makalata anapeza zimene anakambirana lingaliro kuchita mtumiki Speer mu boma latsopanolo. Wazomangamanga chabe mozizwitsa anakwanitsa kutsimikizira osankhika Nazi chakuti sanali nawo chiwembucho. Ndipo anasewera mbali ya chikondi Hitler kwa Reichsminister.

Mu miyezi yomaliza ya nkhondo Speer adayesetsa ndi Mtsogoleri kuti ntchito anapsa mfundo lapansi. Atatuluka mu mzindawo, kumene adani anayandikira, dziko la Germany amakonda kuwononga makampani lonse, kusokoneza moyo wa adani awo m'njira ya zolawula. Ulamuliro wa Nazi anazindikira kuti njira imeneyi si zoopsa chifukwa adani, komanso ulamuliro wa Hitler, pamene mapeto a nkhondo panalibe khola ntchito ntchito. Misewu ndi zomangamanga zawonongedwa ndi zipolopolo ndi shelling. Pamphasa mabomba mipherezero njira mu Germany akhala chochitika zonse, makamaka adani anasonkhana pamodzi ndi America.

Kumangidwa ndi kupezrkha

Speer anamangidwa May 23, 1945. Iye anali mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa amene anachonderera wolakwa mu Nuremberg Mayesero. The wamanga komanso kuthawa chilango cha imfa, mosiyana ambiri a anzake mu boma Nazi. Mlandu waukulu ndi Ulamuliro wa Nazi mlandu ntchito ntchito akaidi a m'misasa ya ukaidi. Speer ntchito pamene oyang'anira makampani German. Chifukwa cha zimene anachita, iye anauzidwa kuti akakhale kundende zaka 20.

mkaidi anatumiza kwa Spandau. The m'ndende m'dera unali m'manja mwa anagwirizana mayiko anayi. Wakutumikira akuti kwathuthu kwawo ndi linatulutsidwa mu 1966.

atamasulidwa,

Mu 1969, Albert Speer (m'ndende) chikalata olembedwa mu ndende memoir, "Sindidzaiwala." Buku yomweyo anakhala bestseller mu US ndi Europe. Mu Soviet Union Ulamuliro wa Nazi Maulendo sanali lofalitsidwa. Izi zinachitika kugwa kwa boma chikominisi.

Mu zaka 90 ku Russia inasindikizidwa osati "Sindidzaiwala", koma mabuku komanso angapo Speer. Mu nawo, osati anafotokoza mmene zinthu zinalili echelons akuluakulu a ulamuliro wa Hitler, koma ankafunanso zifukwa pa maudindo osiyana boma. Albert Speer m'ndende ankakhala abata a bourgeois Europe. Mu 1981, iye anafa pa ulendo London.