Kupanduka kwa Stepan Razin anayamba ndi akuba mwachizolowezi ndipo zinatha wamba nkhondo

Cossack ndi m'mphawi kayendedwe ndi serfdom, kutsogozedwa ndi wotchuka Cossack Ataman Champhamvu kwambiri ndi ambiri za m'ma XVII m'mbiri ya Russia. Stepan Razin kugalukira anayamba ndi Don ndi kufalikira kwa Caspian ndi Volga minda, kuphimba madera akuluakulu ndi zokhudza anthu ambiri.

A kusintha lakuthwa zinthu chikhalidwe mu zigawo Cossack ya Don anali chifukwa kuti kugalukira Stepana Razina. Chaka wamba anakula. The Don ndi m'mayiko Volga akhamukira wamba wothawa amene ankafuna kuti tichotse ukapolo. Koma ngakhale pano, vuto lawo anakhalabe manda ngati Cossacks kwakukulu mphwayi kuwatengera iwo pa mayiko awo. Izi amakakamizidwa "golutvennyh" Cossacks kugwirizanitsa ndi kuchita kuba ndi looting.

Stepan Razin kugalukira anayamba monga kuukira zolusa wa Cossacks pa maiko Volga. Mu 1667 Razin anagwira tawuni Yaik pa Volga, kumene anakumana ndi ambiri Cossacks. Mu 1668 razintsy anawononga gombe la Caspian, ndipo analowa kukumana ndi Iran. Cossacks analanda mzinda Ferahabad, anapambana chigonjetso chachikulu pa aku Iran yapamadzi, mu 1669 anabwerera Don. Razin bwino kwambiri kuchuluka kutchuka kwake pakati pa anthu a Don ndi dera Volga, zomwe zinamuthandiza kuti amapanga imfa ndi kupeza asilikali watsopano.

Nkosafuna wamba kugalukira Stepana Razina inayamba mu 1670. M'chaka anasamukira ku Volga. kampeni wake anali limodzi mwa machitidwe zachiwawa ndi zipolowe serfs, kufuna kuthawa ukapolo. Mu May, iye walandidwa Tsaritsyn. Astrakhan, Saratov ndi Samara geti kutsogolo kwa Cossacks, kumene pansi chiyambi ake anasamukira oponya mivi ambiri ndi a m'tauni.

Mu kugwa kwa Stepana Razina asilikali anazungulira mzinda wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba wa Simbirsk. Pa nthawi imeneyi chiwembu limodzi ndi anthu ambiri zamakolo Chitata, Chuvash, Mordovian. Komabe, kuzinga anakokera, yemwe analola woweruza mfumu kusonkhanitsa ankhondo lalikulu. Boma tsarist mofulumira kusonkhanitsa ankhondo onse kupondereza kupanduka ndi anatumiza asilikali 60000th Simbirsk. October 3, 1670 pa Simbirsk pakati pa asilikali a mfumu ya Cossacks ndipo anali nkhondo imene opandukawo anagonjetsedwa.

Anavulazidwa Stepana Razina Cossacks okhulupirika kwa iye anatengedwa ku Don, kumene anali kupita kusonkhanitsa ankhondo latsopano, koma Cossacks wosasakaza Analanda mzindawo ndipo anapatsa atsogoleri a mfumu. June 6, 1671 Stepan Razin anali kumakhala mu Moscow. Koma imfa yake sanaleke kugalukira, ambiri Cossack atsogoleri anapitiriza kulimbana ngakhale kwa miyezi sikisi. Only mu November 1671 asilikali a mfumu anatha womaliza phata razintsev - Astrakhan.

Kugalukira kutsogoleredwa ndi Stepan Razin 1670-1671 gg. Mosiyana imene yapita kale anagwira pachimake chikhalidwe mu chirengedwe, ndi azambiriyakale ambiri amatchedwa "m'mphawi nkhondo", monga motsutsa ufumu ndi serfdom zinthu ngati anthu ambiri a Don ndi dera Volga, akumenyana ndi ulamuliro wa mphamvu ndi kusowa kwa ufulu wa anthu wamba a.

Motero chiwembu Stepana Razina Cossack anayamba ndi zauchifwamba ndi pang'onopang'ono inasanduka m'ziwawa wamba kayendedwe, cholinga chimene anali kuchepetsa misonkho ntchito ndi kutukula miyoyo ya anthu wamba a.