Polish chosintha ndakatulo Gustav Ehrenberg: mbiri ya moyo, maulalo ndi zilandiridwenso

Gustav Ehrenberg - Polish ndakatulo, wolemba ndi chosintha. moyo wake - nkhani zodabwitsa avundulidwe wodzazidwa ndi masewero ndi chinsinsi. Kumizidwa ake involuntarily kuzindikira kuti ali ngati buku bwino-pakati, osati amafotokoza zoona wa zaka zapitazi. Ndipo komabe zonse zolembedwamo pansipa - zoona, umboni ndi magwero boma.

Chinsinsi cha kubadwa

Choncho, kodi zophweka Gustave Ehrenberg? Wambiri mwa ndakatulo iyi imayamba ndi zimene zili kwa ife poyamba n'kuyamba zapadera zochitika. Malinga ndi wosasintha, awisi anali Alexander Ine, ndi mayi wake - Baroness Helena Dzerzhanovskaya. Mwachibadwa, chilumikizano chawo chinali chinsinsi, koma chifukwa ochepa ankadziwa za kubadwa mkulu wa mwana.

The Baroness nanenso sanakweze mnyamata, chifukwa amenewo muyaya imawonongeka mbiri yake. Kotero, molingana ndi kanjedza boma Gustav Ehrenberg anabadwa mu banja la losavuta wophika mkate February 14, 1818. Pamene iye anali okulirapo pang'ono, makolo anamuuza za mayi weniweni. Koma ngati bambo ake, ndiye ife sitingakhoze motsimikiza: mnyamatayo ankadziwa kumene anachokera kapena nthawizonse kukhala chinsinsi?

Youth ndi unyamata

Mwatsoka, makolo oterewa a Gustav atamwalira mwadzidzidzi. Phindu la maphunziro a mnyamatayo anatenga Pavel Osipovich Morenheym - amadziwika Russian nthumwi pa nthawi. Mwa mpanda wa nyumba yake Gustav Erenberg anaphunzira pulayimale - kuphunzira kulemba, kuwerenga ndi katswiri mbiri.

Mu 1826, mnyamata kuperekedwa Warsaw Lyceum. Tuition chindapusa apa si mkulu, koma ngwazi wathu uli wopulumutsidwa chifukwa chakuti iye ankabwera maphunziro ku St. Petersburg. N'zomveka ndithu Chatuluka, Alexander Ine, chifukwa ine sindingakhoze kusiya mwana wake, ngakhale wapathengo, popanda njira iliyonse zofunika pamoyo. Mu 1830, ku Warsaw Lyceum kutsekedwa chifukwa cha November Zipolowe, ndi Ehrenberg kunditumiza ku yunivesite Jagiellonian mu Kraków.

Khalidwe chosintha a wolemba

Pa maphunziro ake pa yunivesite ya Gustave Ehrenberg amatenga wophunzira kukonda dziko lako club. Ndi apa kuti lingathandize mzimu wa chosintha kwambiri chifukwa zimatenga izo. Pamodzi ndi wake timu-akazi amayamba kulimbikitsa mfundo yakuti "dissent ndi ufulu" kuti amakopa chidwi cha apolisi.

Mu 1836, Ehrenberg ndi membala wa "Union of anthu Polish." Pa nthawiyo anali mmodzi wa mabungwe waukulu chosintha mu dziko, kutsogozedwa ndi Shimonom Konarskim. Komanso, iye atabwerera ku Warsaw ndi adzatsegula pali nthambi za bungwe kuti akhale mmodzi mwa atsogoleri awo.

Gustav Ehrenberg: limasonyeza

Organization Gustave Ehrenberg mwamsanga chidwi cha apolisi. Choncho, March 1837, adamtenga Iye afunsidwe mafunso kwa X Pavilion wa Warsaw Citadel. Malo anali lowopsya, koma anthu amene anagwira ntchito, anatha kumasula lilime. Komabe, Gustav anatsimikizira amphamvu kwambiri kwa iwo, ndipo chifukwa cha kusowa umboni, atamasulidwa m'tchire.

Koma mu 1838 izo kamodzinso akankhidwira pakhoma. Pamene adzakhala ina, apolisi anagwira mmodzi wa mamembala a gulu mobisa, ndipo anapereka aliyense amene anali mmenemo. Kuona zopereka Ehrenberg mu gulu chosintha, khoti anaweruzidwa kuti aphedwe. Posakhalitsa, iye anamva chisoni zochita zake ndipo anasintha chiganizo kuti ukapolo moyo wonse mu Siberia.

Ndi kopita Gustav Ehrenberg anali kokha patapita chaka, ngati msewu wotuluka Warsaw ku Irkutsk pa nthawi wotanganidwa kwa miyezi 8. Poyamba izo anatumizidwa ku zomera migodi Nerchinsk, koma 1841 unasamutsidwira Alexander wa kupanga siliva. Ntchito kuno kunali kovuta, koma ndakatulo opulumutsidwa maphunziro ake. Kudziŵa zinenero angapo zinamuthandiza kupeza mphunzitsi kuti nthawi zina anamasulidwa iye kuchokera maudindo chilango.

Mu 1854, Ehrenberg kunditumiza ku Pamudzi, amene ali ndi zotsatira zabwino pa ntchito yake. Onse tinkasangalalira umakhala kulemba ndakatulo ndi kumasulira mabuku yachilendo. Mu 1856, Alexander II akulengeza Amnesty akaidi ambiri andale umene mwalawo udzamugwere, ndi Polish chosintha.

Ehrenberg anabwerera kunyumba yekha mu 1858. Komabe, mu 1862 dziko udzadutsa yoweyula watsopano wa kupondereza. Pomaliza, wolembayo kukonzanso akulowa kugwirizana Komabe, nthawi iyi kumatenga zaka zochepa.

zilandiridwenso wolemba ndakatulo ndi

Lembani Gustav Ehrenberg inayamba mu zaka wophunzira. Mu 1831, iye analenga ndakatulo mutu wakuti "Kodi anthu kulimbana," anadzakhala nyimbo kwa mabungwe ambiri achinyamata demokalase a nthawi. Mu ntchito iyi zaka unagwa pa nyimbo za Mozart ndipo inasanduka nyimbo.

Achikulire ntchito Ehrenberg analemba mu ukapolo ku Siberia. Ambiri a iwo adzalowa mndandanda wa ndakatulo yakuti "Zida wa zaka zapitazi." ndakatulo «Stella Maris» komanso wa cholembera a ndakatulo iyi.

moyo

Kamodzi 1858, Ehrenberg anabwerera kwawo kuchokera ku ukapolo, anakwatira. Koma ukwati woyamba unatha chaka chimodzi chokha. Posachedwa atakwatirana, mkazi wamng'ono kwambiri nsomba ozizira ndipo anafa.

Tipulumuke imfa owawa amakuthandiza mkazi wina, amene mtima ndi achifundo anapulumutsa moyo a ndakatulo iyi. Kenako anakwatiwanso. ukwati wawo adzakupatsani Ehrenburg yaitali mwana amene adzaitana Kazimierz.

Iye anafa ndakatulo-chosintha mu 1895, Suli kutali Kraków.