Vera Voloshin - ndi chintchito "Bakuman ndi nkhafi ndikupita a." Hero wa Russia Vera Danilovna Voloshina

Kodi anapanga chintchito Vera Voloshin? Amene iye ali? Awa ndi mafunso ena m'nkhani. Chikhulupiriro anali Red Army reconnaissance ndi zonyoza zimayenda pawiri a likulu la Western Front. Mtsikana ameneyu anali anasiya mu 1941 mu kumbuyo German, ndipo ndi Hero wa Russian Federation (1944).

yonena

Feat Vera Voloshina ambiri adziwe. Iye anabadwa mu 1919, September 30, m'mudzi wa Scheglovskaya (tsopano - Kemerovo mzindawo) kavalo-Tom Parish Kuznetsk chigawo cha chigawo Tomsk mu Russia, mu banja la mphunzitsi ndi mgodi. Pamene anayamba kupita kusukulu, kufanana ndi ankachita nawo masewera: zamijaha ndi olimbitsa. Ali kusekondale, anapata ndi Championship mu akudumpha.

Awiri wochititsa Yuri anali mnzake ndipo mnzakeyo. Pamene Vera maphunziro makalasi khumi, kenako ndinasamukira ku Moscow. Mu 1936 iye anali anavomereza kuti Institute of Education thupi chapakati State. Pa nthawi yomweyo analembetsa mu Moscow Aero Club, kumene anayamba kuphunzira skydive ndi katswiri piloting ndege I 153 "Chaika". komanso kwambiri anatenga chidwi chachikulu kupenta, ndakatulo ndi kuwombera. Mu 1936, iye analemba mawu chimene akufuna ake nawo nkhondo yapachiweniweni inayamba mu Spain. Iye anakana.

Wojambula ndi zosemasema I. D. Shadr mu 1935 ankalankhula kuti boma kwa kupanga mndandanda wa ziboliboli zosangalatsa ndi chikhalidwe paki dzina la limakhulupirira Gorky, amene pa nthawi zinali zochokera mu Moscow. Iye anapita ku anayambitsa masewera dziwe kumene ankakonda wophunzira Voloshin. Gulu la ophunzira makumi awiri, amene anali Chikhulupiriro, anali mu msonkhano wa ziboliboli ndi.

Atazunguliridwa ndi akasupe pakhomo waukulu ku Central Park ali fano la "The Bakuman ndi nkhafi ndikupita ku" - chifanizo cha Chikhulupiriro. Osawerengeka kufanana kwa ntchito za luso patapita anaika mu m'mapaki lonse Union. Malinga ndi nkhani zina, ndi nthano. Mu Shadr kamtunda buku loyamba fano mu zaka 1934-1935, pamene Vera zaka 15-16, ndipo iye sakanakhoza kukhala wophunzira sukulu ya sekondale.

Komanso, Baibulo lachiwiri la fanolo anapangidwa pambuyo kutsutsa kwa zitsanzo zina, ndi kuchulukitsa ntchito yosema ziboliboli. Chifukwa fano kudzudzulidwa? Chifukwa zovala zake zinali ndithu kuti jibe zoipa ndi malamulo kale okhazikika puritanical.

oyamba kumene A Vera Danilovna Voloshina pakati pa ophunzira ena anapita ku masewera msasa yozizira, yomwe ili pafupi Serpukhov. Kumeneko, iye anadwala ndi fuluwenza, chifukwa chimene iye anadwala mapazi. Iye anali mankhwala kwa nthawi yaitali, koma mapeto zikadali anakakamizika kusiya sukulu pa yunivesite masewera.

Komabe, asonkhanitse mphamvu, Chikhulupiriro anabwerera ku Moscow, ndi pamodzi ndi anzake ku mzinda kwawo anayamba kuchita nawo malonda Moscow University Cooperative Soviet.

Mu 1941, m'chilimwe, Vera Danilovna Voloshina pambuyo m'chaka chachitatu Mwapambana mayeso ndipo anapita Zagorsk, pafupi Moscow, kumene iye ananyamula maphunziro othandiza. Pamodzi ndi anzake a m'kalasi pa June 22 zopita pa ulendo ku Museum cha Utatu Lavra wa St. Sergio. M'njiramo atsikana sitolo dipatimenti anagula Chikhulupiriro silika diresi loyera. Ndipotu, chaka chamawa iye ankafuna kuti amukwatire iwiri wochititsa Yuri. Yuri kale ake ndi makampani, ndi okonda anaganiza pa tsiku la ukwati. Pa tsiku lomwelo, Vera anamva kuti nkhondo inayamba.

Amadziwika kuti Voloshin anamwalira mu 1941, pa November 29 m'mudzi wa Golovkova (Naro-Fominsk chigawo Moscow dera).

Ntchito yoyamba

Kufikira tsopano, anthu kumbukirani chintchito Voloshinoy Faith. Amadziwika kuti pamene anali Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, Woman asonkhanitsidwa kuti kukumba ngalande odana ndi thanki ndi ngalande pafupi ndi ikuyandikira kwa Moscow. Mu October, iye chibatizidwireni wa Red Army paokha. Iye m'gulu la asilikali gawo nambala 9903, a nzeru gawo la ndodo ya Western mzere kutsogolo, kugwira ntchito mu kumbuyo mdani.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba kugwira utumwi nkhondowo Chikhulupiriro anachoka mu 1941, October 21, m'dera lapafupi Moscow sitima mbuu Zavidovo. Pambuyo pake, komabe nthawi sikisi bwinobwino anapita kumbuyo German.

Zoe

Gulu lankhondo la chiwerengero 9903 mu 1941, mu November, analandira reinforcements. Pakati akufika anali Kosmodemyanskaya ndi Zoe, amene anali atangomaliza kumene sukulu ya sekondale. Zoe mu timu woyamba anali penapake kupatula, koma posakhalitsa Vera anapeza mafikidwe ake, ndipo atsikanawo anakhala mabwenzi. Pa ntchito zangotuluka anachita kuwotcha dala (liquidation) mfundo Kutentha ndi zina mdani (m'dzinja kunali kuzizira kwambiri) adasiya pamodzi.

ntchitoyo

Mu 1941, 21 November, mu kumbuyo kwa mdani kumanzere asilikali awiri. Woyamba anatsogolera Kraynov Boris. Komsorgom chachiwiri Voloshin anasankhidwa ndi mkulu - Provorov Paulo. Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya anali mbali ya gulu lina. Pamene m'gululi anawoloka kutsogolo, iwo anali kukhazikitsa magulu awiri, omwe anali ntchito yake.

Komabe, pa mphambano ya omenyana kutsogolo anachotsedwa pa mdani, ndipo mwamsanga anapanga mayunitsi, mwachisawawa zikuchokera. Kotero njira ya Chikhulupiriro ndi Zoe, madzi anagawanika. Kosmodemyanskoy gulu kupita ku mudzi Petrishcheva. Chikhulupiriro anapitiriza ntchito ndi comrades wake. Koma detachment ake pakati m'matauni ndi Golovkova Yakshina anapitiriza pansi moto, iye naporovshis kuti awalande dziko la Germany. Vera anavulazidwa ndi anagwidwa ndi Nazi.

Awiri a kumuwombera iye anafufuza Chikhulupiriro kapena mtembo wake, koma sanapeze. Kwa nthawi yaitali Red Army Vera Voloshin ali pa mndandanda wa anthu akusowa. Only mu 1957, chifukwa cha ntchito ya Kufufuza ndi mtolankhani komanso wolemba G. N. Frolova tinapeza mmene Chikhulupiriro anafa, ndi kupeza manda ake.

imfa

Chilango Vera Voloshin - chochitika choopsa. Am'deralo anatiuza kuti Faith Germany anapachikidwa mu 1941, November 29, pa famu Golovkova. Ulaliki imfa ya mtsikana ananena kuti Germany anabweretsa Chikhulupiro malo kuphedwa pa makina. Iwo anamanga ku scaffold msondodzi msewu mozungulira amene wasonkhanitsa ambiri achifasizimu. Iwo ankayendetsa pano analanda asilikali Russian, yemwe ankagwira mlatho.

Choyamba Voloshin sakanakhoza kuwona, koma pamene mbali linga la makina sizinawonetsedwe, anthu gasped. Mtsikana wina atagona mu kabudula wake, chimene onse ong'ambika ndipo topaka magazi. Galimoto anakwera Germany awiri ndipo anafuna kumuthandiza kukwera Chikhulupiriro. Koma iye kuwakweza ndi dzanja limodzi tigwiritsitse kanyumba, ndiyenera mapazi ake. The chachiwiri dzanja lake anali atapachikidwa ngati chikwapu ndi - akuoneka kuti anaphedwa.

Ndiye Vera nayamba kuyankhula. Poyamba, iye anati mawu ochepa German, kenako anapitiriza mu Russian. Iye ananena kuti si mantha ya infa, chifukwa ankadziwa kuti adzatenga kubwezera comrades. Iye anati kuti Russian akadali kugonjetsa dziko la Germany. Mawu otsiriza a Vera Voloshina muyaya unazokotedwa mu chikumbukiro cha anthu famu Golovkova.

Ndiyeno anayamba kuimba. Iye anaimba "The Internationale", imene nthawi Soviet nthawi zinkaimbidwa pa misonkhano ndi pa wailesi m'mawa ndi madzulo. The Germany anamvera nyimbo ya Chikhulupiriro chete. Kapitawo, woyang'anira kuphedwa, asilikali anafuula chinachake. Adaponya Chikhulupiriro pa khosi kuzungulira ndi kulumpha ku galimoto.

Kapitawo anayandikira wowayendetsa ndipo anamuuza kuti asamukire ku malo. Ndipo chimene sichilimbikitsa, onse unali mbee. Zikuoneka kuti akugwiritsabe ntchito kukangamira anthu satero. Kapitawo ndiye anatenga mfuti yake mthumba ndi ukali chinachake wowayendetsa. Zikuoneka kuti kwambiri analumbira. Iye ankawoneka kuti anali maso, ndi galimoto anapita. Chikhulupiriro nkukhalabe kukuwa mokweza m'mudzimo anathamanga magazi ozizira: "Tsalani bwino, comrades," Pamene umboni anatsegula maso ake, anaona kuti Vera ali n'kupachikidwa.

manda

Feat Vera Voloshina anthu sadzaiwala. Only m'ma December, mdani anabwerera, ndi anthu anatha msondodzi Golovkova kuchotsa thupi Chikhulupiriro. Iwo kukaikwirira ulemu wonse pano. zotsalira ake anasamutsidwira manda misa, yomwe ili Kryukov.

Patapita kanthawi chithunzi atapachikidwa atsikana anazipeza yachokera German. Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ophatikizidwa chilango Voloshin.

imfa mpaka kalekale

mudzi Petrishcheva inali makilomita khumi kuchokera Golovkova. Pa tsiku kuphedwa Chikhulupiriro pa malo ake anapachikidwa ndi Kosmodemyanskaya Zoe.

Hero wa Soviet Union awiri wochititsa Yuri wokondedwa Faith, komanso pambuyo pa nkhondoyo. Iye anaphedwa mu kuchitapo ndi kutenga mbali mu ntchito za Mogilev.

Malipilo

Amadziwika kuti Vera Voloshina - Hero wa Russia. mutuwu anali amaitcha kuti mu 1994, pa May 6. Mu 1966, pa January 27 mu nyuzipepala "Pravda" linasindikizidwa nkhani Frolova Georgiya Nikolaevicha, "dongosolo la wamkazi."

Mu September tinkachitira zochitika chikondwerero wodzipereka kwa Nkhondo ya Moscow. Ndipo panthawi iyi M. P. Georgadze (Mlembi wa Presidium wa USSR Council Supreme) anapereka mayi wa Chikhulupiriro Order ya kukonda dziko lako nkhondo Ine mlingo.

zakale

Gwirizanani, Vera Voloshina yonena chodabwitsa. The zakale izi analengedwa ncindi:

• Museum wa Voloshin Chikhulupiriro ndi awiri wochititsa Yuri (Kemerovo, School nambala 12).
• Part chionetserocho, kuyikidwa mu kowonera zakale mbiri (Naro-Fominsk, Moscow dera).
• Club "Memory" (poyamba Vera Voloshina Museum m'mudzi wa chigawo Kryukovo, Naro-Fominsk).

chikumbukiro

Polemekeza heroine misewu imeneyi amene anaika:

• Chipilala cha Chikhulupiriro Voloshinoy mu Golovkova (Naro-Fominsk chigawo Moscow dera).
• Voloshin Chipilala m'mudzi Kryukovo (Naro-Fominsk chigawo Moscow dera).
• Pali Str. Voloshinoy chikhulupiriro Mytishchi, Kemerovo, Dagestan Ogni, Belovo (Kemerovo dera).
• Mu 2017, iwo dzina lake mu prospectus Khoroshyovsky District Administrative kumpoto Moscow chigawo (erstwhile ntchito nambala msewu 6084).
• folklore nyumba ana a mu Naro-Fominsk komanso amavala dzina lake.
• Ine dzina lake mzinda paki mu mzinda wa Kemerovo.
• Sukulu nambala 12 Kemerovo limadziwika ndi dzina lake.
• Sitima Azov kampani kutumiza unatchedwa heroine lapansi.
• Chikhulupiriro unatchedwa m'mudzi Golovkova Sfax Lyceum, kumene heroine anamwalira.
• Adalenga zopelekedwa filimu "Vera Voloshin: ntanda Kawiri" (Msonkhano "Rome Chachitatu", 2007).
• Dzina la Chikhulupiro mayina dziko laling'ono mu 2009 Voloshina.
• Yaroslavsky sitima malangizo a Moscow anayamba kupita sitima "dzina la Hero wa Russia Vera Voloshina" kuyambira 2003.

ziboliboli

Kodi wotchuka chosema "Bakuman ndi nkhafi ndikupita ndi?" Chomwe chimapangitsa izo wabwino? "Bakuman ndi nkhafi ndikupita" - dzina onse a ziboliboli, pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana ndi Osema Romuald Iodko ndi Ivanom Shadrom. Yakhala n'chimodzimodzi ponena kuti iwo zofanana pulasitala ziboliboli ( "zokomera Kuzindikira gypsum"), imene nthawi Soviet anali chokongoletsedwa ndi m'mapaki yopuma komanso chikhalidwe.

Amadziwika kuti kuchepetsa wa Moscow Gorky Park mu 1934 linachititsa wamanga Alexander Vlasov. Iye anaganiza kukhazikitsa dziwe ndi kasupe ena ofukula maganizo chithunzi mkazi. Kuyambira kale Vlasov kale wopita kwa Ivan Shadra za naonekera pabwalopo amatulutsa osiyanasiyana ziboliboli chakale, wazomangamanga zopatsidwa kwa iye sculpt chosema waukulu zosangalatsa m'deralo.

Shadr m'chaka chomwecho anayamba kugwira ntchito pa fano "Bakuman ndi nkhafi ndikupita a." kutalika kwake pamodzi ndi m'munsi mkuwa akhale mamita 12. N'chifukwa chiyani kuchidziwa kwambiri? Linabwera lonse monga mwa miyeso ya kasupe ndi paki makwalala zikubweretsa izo. fanolo anapezeka mu 1935 mu mzinda wa gwero la paki pa njanji chachikulu.

Malinga ndi nthano, ndi ziboliboli chitsanzo wosankhidwa Vera Voloshin, zomwe tinakambirana za pamwamba. Fano akunena mtsikana-wothamanga wopanda zovala, atayima ndi atagwira m'dzanja lake lamanja nkhafi ndikupita. chithunzi chake chinali mphamvu osiyana mu kukhota kwa mutu ndi torso, wamphamvu akalumikidzidwa pulasitiki. Tsitsi lake anali anapotoza mu awiri "nyanga", mutu bwino zafotokozedwa, khosi ndi mphumi ali ndi lotseguka.

Komabe, komiti kusankha ali anadzudzula ntchito Shadr, kuphatikizapo m'dera lokwera, ndipo chaka chomwecho, fano zinam'khudza ku bwalo lachisangalalo ndi chikhalidwe cha Luhansk. Mu Tretyakov Gallery zimasungika buku zake chabe. Pa kuumirira kwa mkazi wake Shadr pulasitala ntchito mu 1950s mochedwa analenga mkuwa ndi.

M'chaka cha 1936 Ivan Shadr anamanga latsopano eyiti-scaled fano la zosasonyeza mtundu wake weniweni konkire. Mu nthawi ino wakhala chitsanzo cha masewerayu Bedrinskaya Zoe. Chosema anaikidwa pa mizati yosema pakati pa kasupe. Mozungulira iyo inagunda madzi ndege, kupanga mtundu wa nsalu. Mu 1941, pamene chosema ndi anawonongedwa ndi mabomba.

Ena amakhulupirira kuti fano Shadr anatumikira monga prototypes kwa kupanga gypsum makope wotchipa lalikulu zedi mwachindunji m'mapaki pafupifupi onse pa Soviet Union. Ndipotu, iwo anapangidwa mu chifaniziro cha ziboliboli R. R. Iodko ndi dzina lomweli, zidalengedwa mwa iye mu 1936 chifukwa paki "Dinamo" kusitediyamu hydrophytic. Fano chinapangidwa ndi gypsum ndipo anali ndi kutalika kwa 2.5 m. Mosiyana shadrovskoy "mtsikana" Iodko fano akugwira nkhafi ndikupita pa dzanja lamanzere ndi kuvala swimsuit.

Mu 1935 Iodko Romuald anapanga fano la "The Bakuman ndi nkhafi ndikupita" chifukwa kasupe. Poyamba anaikidwa mu Cherkizovo pa Moscow kusitediyamu "Zamagetsi". Fano akunena mkazi ataima pa mwendo wakumanzere. Iye kulondola mapazi kuika pa choyikapo, kukoka patsogolo bondo. Mkono wake anausiya adatchithisira nakhudza ntchafu ndipo dzanja lake lamanja mkazi atatsamira pa nkhafi lapansi. Iye anali atavala tisheti ndi kabudula. Fano ili ankagwira monga zinachitika kwa makope.

lero

Mu 2011, mu April, buku la fanolo anaikidwa pa Crimea kutsinde pa Tretyakov Gallery. Pa nthawi yomweyo Kapkov SERGEY (wotsogolera wa Gorky Park) ananena kuti fano adzakhalanso pabwalopo.

Mu 2011, 3 September, kulengedwanso fano anali kuti anaikidwa ku Central Park (mmalire a gululi mitundu "Golden Bwato"). Malinga ndi paki uthenga nthumwi chosema unakhazikitsidwa mu 2011, 1 September, ndipo anatsegula pa September 3 Tsiku City.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Amadziwika kuti nkhani ya mtsikana wina ndi nkhafi ndikupita nyimbo:

• Valery Sjutkin.
• Kimmelfeld wotchedwa Dmitry.
• "Underwood" ( "wofiira batani" Album).
• gulu "Aquarium" (Album "kavalo woyera").

Mu accordionist ndi kupeka gulu loyimba "Birch" V. Temnova nyimbo limatchulanso chosema wotchuka.