Mmphepete propensity kudya ndi kusunga. The propensity mmphepete kudya - njira

Ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama kwa munthu aliyense amayamba amawononga ndalama pa chinachake kuti adzipulumutse. Zingatanthauze kuti kuchita, zonse ndi wosavuta - kwambiri ndalama, chuma chathu, ndi koposa china chilichonse. Ndipotu, chuma angapo mfundo, mfundo, mitunduyi osiyana ndi chiyanjano amene amafotokoza kuwerengera ndi kufotokoza zodabwitsazi. Zikuphatikizapo propensity kudya (lenileni pafupifupi), kupulumutsa, Keynesian lofunika malamulo maganizo, ndi zina zotero. D. Knowledge ndi kumvetsa mawu zachuma ndi lamulo limachititsa mosiyana amapenda zochitika mwachizolowezi, komanso zimayambitsa awo ndi malamulo, kuti amene amatsogolera.

woyambitsa

Lingaliro la "propensity mmphepete kudya ndi kupulumutsa," anaonekera mu zaka 20-30. Mu zaka zapitazo. chiphunzitso chakuti chuma anayambitsa mu England Dzhon Meynard Keyns. Mu mowa Kumafuna ntchito zosiyanasiyana katundu kukakomana ndi thupi, wauzimu kapena munthu zofuna za munthu kapena gulu la anthu. Ndalama monga Keynes wakonza gawo la ndalama zimene sizinali ntchito pa mowa, ndipo chakhala kuti ntchito mtsogolo ntchito bwino. zachuma The limavumbulanso lamulo lofunika maganizo, chimene ndi kukula kwa ndalama ndi mowa kwenikweni kumawonjezera kukula (yaitali osiyanasiyana katundu, katundu wotchipa m'malo mwa mtengo kwambiri, ndi zina zotero. D.), Koma si mofulumira (osati njila). M'mawu ena, koposa munthu alandira gulu la anthu, m'pamenenso iwo amathera, komanso zazikulu kuchuluka asiya kwa ndalama. Zozikidwa pa chiphunzitsocho wake, Keynes anayamba mfundo monga pafupifupi ndi mmphepete propensity kudya (njira kuwerengera izo, nawonso, anali kudzipatula), ndi chiyerekezo ndi mmphepete propensity kupulumutsa ndi njira mawerengedwe ake. Komanso, zachuma lopambana kupeza ndi zakhazikitsa ubale pakati pa mfundo imeneyi.

mawerengedwe a mowa

Mmphepete propensity kudya ndi wofanana ndi chiŵerengero cha kusintha mowa kuti kusintha ndalama. Ndi timene kusintha katundu wambiri pa botolo la ndalama, zimene zinachititsa kuti iwo. Fotokozani mfundo nthawi zambiri mu makalata Latin MPC - chidule mmphepete propensity kudya. chilinganizo amaoneka ngati izi:

MPC = Kusintha kusintha mowa / ndalama.

mawerengedwe a ndalama

Monga chizolowezi kudya mmphepete propensity kwa kusunga kusintha kwa chiŵerengero masamu kuti ndalama mu kusintha ndalama. Iwo akufotokoza chiwerengero cha kusintha katundu, amene imagwera pa chilichonse pachikhalidwe ndalama ya ndalama zina. Mu mabuku, lingaliro umu aphungu - chidule mmphepete propensity kwa chipulumutso. Dongosolo mu nkhani iyi ndi iyi:

Aphungu = Kusintha ndalama / ndalama kusintha.

Mwachitsanzo

Asayansi zizindikiro monga propensity mmphepete kudya ndalama iliyonse, ndi wosavuta.

Background: mowa banja Ivanov mu October 2016 chinali 30 000, ndipo mu November - 35 000 rubles. Ndalama analandira mu October 2016 chaka 40 000 rubles, ndipo mu November - 60 000 rubles.

Ndalama 1 = 40 000 - 30 000 = 10 000 rubles.

Ndalama 2 = 60 000 - 35 000 = 25 000 rubles.

MPC = 35 000 -30 000/60 000 - 40 000 = 0,25.

Aphungu = 25 000 - 10 000/60 000 - 40 000 = 0.75.

Choncho, banja la Ivanov:

Reserve propensity kudya wofanana 0,25.

Reserve propensity kupulumutsa wofanana 0,75.

Ubale ndi dependencies

Reserve propensity kudya ndi kupulumutsa pa wagawo ndalama ntchito chimodzimodzi deta koyamba ayenera powombetsa umodzi. Tidziwanso kuti palibe mfundo izi chifukwa cha mawerengedwe akhoza kukhala wamkulu kuposa 1. Apo ayi, muyenera kuyang'ana kwa zolakwika kapena zolakwika mu deta pachiyambi.

Kuwonjezera ndalama zolozerazi, ndi zinthu zina zingathe kukhudza:

• Chuma anasonkhanitsa ndi mabanja (sheya, malo). The zambiri kukula, m'munsi mlingo wa ndalama ndi apamwamba mowa ndi. Ndi chifukwa ndi mtengo wa yokonza malowo ndiponso kukhala pa muyezo winawake wa kakhalidwe, ndiponso kusapezeka kwa kufunika pachimake kwa hoarding.
• Kukula zosiyanasiyana msonkho komanso zolipira, ndipo mukhoza zayamba kuchepetsa ndalama ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama.
• Kuwonjezeka okwanira mu msika kumathandiza kukula kwa mowa ndipo chotero, kuchepetsa mlingo wa kudzikundikira. Makamaka pachimake amayamba ndi zikamera wa mankhwala atsopano kapena utumiki (chifukwa cha patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi luso), chifukwa pali kufunika latsopano limene kulibe kale.
• ziyembekezo Economic zingakubweretsereni kukula monga chizindikiro chimodzi, ndipo chachiwiri. Mwachitsanzo, kuyembekezera kuwuka mu mtengo wa mankhwala aliwonse zingachititse mowa kwambiri mankhwala ake (billets m'tsogolo) lomwe lili ndi kungasokoneze m'matangadza.
• Zosayembekezereka yokulirapo Kukwera kwa mitengo m'njira zosiyanasiyana bwanji katundu ndi kusunga magulu osiyana siyana.

kusanthula Features

Pali mfundo zingapo zimene ziyenera n'komwe mu kusanthula zizindikiro monga propensity ndi kudya ndi malire, komanso kusunga. mfundo zimenezi? Choyamba, ngati propensity mmphepete kudya ndi pafupifupi imodzi, ndiye pali chosowa ndalama kapena mlingo wochepa kukula poyerekezera ndi kukula kwa zofunika zakuthupi ndi zauzimu. Nthawi zambiri, chithunzi ichi ndicho m'mayiko osauka ndi chuma zosalimba, kapena mu nthawi ya ngozi ndi zachuma.

Kachiwiri mawerengedwe a zizindikiro za anthu kapena mabanja a zachuma kapena makampani mfundo zazing'ono, choncho amaona ena ya katundu ndi ndalama (mabanja, a moyo, ndi zina zotero. D.). Pa nthawi yomweyo kusangalala angapo chakudya cha chiphunzitso Keynesian. Mwachitsanzo, kumwa ndi ntchito ya disposable ndalama.

Chachitatu, zofufuza amagwiritsidwa ntchito zizindikiro si Mmasiku awiri (mogwirizana ndi mawerengedwe Mwachitsanzo), ndi makhalidwe pa nthawi yaitali. Ndiye zimaonetsa akamachita zotsatira, kuwapangitsa zowoneka kwambiri kufufuza ndiponso tione mphamvu. Charting ntchito amatchedwa Keynesian ndipo kawirikawiri kuonekera mu kusanthula zochitika zosiyanasiyana zachuma.