Momwe mungapangire mawu apansi mu maphunziro? Malamulo a kulembetsa, ndondomeko ndi zitsanzo za mawu apansi pamutu

Pogwiritsa ntchito pepalali, wophunzira sakufunikira kuti alembe bwinobwino zomwe akuphunzirazo, komanso kuti adziwe momwe angakonzekere bwino ndikuziwonetsera poyera. M'nkhani ino ndikufuna kuti ndiyankhule za momwe ndingapangire mawu ammunsi mu maphunziro.

Ndi chiyani?

Choyamba, muyenera kusankha pamaganizo, chifukwa nthawi zambiri ophunzira samatha kunena chomwe ichi kapena mawuwo amatanthawuza. Mawu am'munsi ndi chizindikiro cha wophunzira wa gwero limene mawu alembedwawo atengedwa. Zingakhalenso kufotokoza mwachidule za gawo lina la malemba, lomwe silingamveke ndi wowerenga.

Kodi mungayang'ane pati?

Ophunzira ena angakhale ndi funso lokhudza komwe mungapeze momwe mungapangire mawu apansi pa ntchitoyi. Kotero, chifukwa cha ichi muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo ku GOST 7.1-200. Komabe, chinthu chofunikira ndichoti chinapangidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, chimachitanso nthawi yaitali. Ndicho chifukwa chake lero mu bukhu ili simungapeze mayankho onse ku mafunso omwe mukusowa. Ndiye kodi mumatani mukakumana ndi vutoli? Kwa malamulo a kulembetsa maphunziro, kuphatikizapo maulumikizi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito dipatimenti, kwa methodologist. Ayenera kupereka zonse zofunika. Kawirikawiri palinso makalata opangira mauthenga omwe apangidwa ndi a dipatimenti pamtundu uwu, momwe muli mayankho onse ofunika ku mafunso omwe ophunzira amapanga okhudza mapangidwe a mapepala a sayansi.

Pazowona mawonedwe

Tiyenera kutchula kuti pali mitundu iwiri ya mawu apansi pa ntchito yophunzitsa. Chitsanzo cha izi chikhoza kuwonetsedwa mu ntchito iliyonse ya sayansi.

1. Zotsatira. Amaikidwa kwenikweni pa tsamba lomwelo (pansi pomwe pansi pa mzere wapadera), kumene chilembacho chimayikidwa. Kumapeto kwa ndondomeko yokhayo, chiwerengero chaching'ono chimayikidwa (chimayikidwa monga chizindikiro cha chiwerengero cha nambala - pang'ono pamwamba pa mzera).
2. Pakatikati. Amayikidwa mwamsanga pambuyo pa ndemanga pa mabakiteriya angapo. Pakati pa mabakiti adzaikidwa manambala omwe amasonyeza nambala yopezeka (kuchokera mndandanda wa mabuku) ndi tsamba (s) la kusungidwa kwa quotation yomwe yatengedwa.

Mawu a m'munsi

Kotero, momwe mungapangire mawu apansi pa ntchito yophunzitsa? Choyamba, ndikufuna kumvetsa ndendende ndi mawu a mmunsi, chifukwa ndondomeko yozilembazo ndi yovuta kwambiri kuyambira pakugwira ntchito pa kompyuta. Malamulo a kulembetsa:

1. Nthano ya mmunsiyi imayikidwa pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, koma isanachitike mfundo ndi ndemanga zatsekedwa.
2. Mndandanda wamtunduwu ndi waung'ono kusiyana ndi mutu waukulu, woikidwa pamwamba pa ngodya yapamwamba pamwamba pa kalata yomaliza ya ndemanga.

Mmene mungachitire pa kompyuta yanu

Titi tipite patsogolo momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito mawu a mmunsi pa ntchito yophunzitsa. Tsopano muyenera kuganizira mmene zonsezi zingakhalire mu MS Word pa kompyuta. Kotero, chifukwa cha ichi, chithunzithunzi chiyenera kuikidwa kumapeto kwa mawu otsiriza a ndemanga, koma pasanafike kadontho. Pambuyo pa kachipangizo, komwe kuli pamwamba pa chinsalu, muyenera kupeza "Insert" chinthu, ndipo sankhani "Liwu ndi mawu apansi" ntchito. Panopa wasankhidwa kale mawonekedwe a mawu apansi, komanso ndime "Kuwerenga pa tsamba lirilonse" kuyenera kuzindikiridwa. Kotero mawu a pamunsi pa tsamba lirilonse ayamba ndi chimodzi ndipo zikhala zofunikira pa pepala ili.

Momwe zikuwonekera

Kotero, kodi ndondomekoyi ikuwoneka bwanji yomwe ikufuna mawu apansi? Chitsanzo: "Uko kunakhala agogo ndi amayi, anali ndi nkhuku Ryaba ¹ ". Pambuyo pa chipindacho chimaikidwa molingana ndi malamulo onse, pansi pa tsamba mzere umangowonekera pansi pa chiwerengero cha "1" mungathe kufotokozera gwero lomwe mawuwo atengedwa.

Mawu a m'munsimu

Musaiwale kuti mawu a m'munsi mu ntchitoyi akhoza kukhala mu-malemba. Onetsetsani kunena kuti kulenga mawu amtunduwu ndi kophweka, koma kupeza chidziwitso pa izo sikokwanira. Kodi amawoneka bwanji? Kotero, iyo imayikidwa mwamsanga pambuyo pa ndemanga mu mabakiteriya angapo. Pakati pa mabala, padzakhala nambala zina zomwe zidzalembedwe kudzera mu semicolon. Choyamba, nambala yeniyeni imene mawuwo achotsedwa (kuchokera mndandanda wa zolembedwera) adzawonetsedwa, motsatiridwa ndi tsamba pambuyo pa semicolon. Mmodzi kapena masamba ambiri angatchulidwe. Ndiponso, pafupi ndi digiti yotsiriza ikhoza kukhala kalata "ndi.", Izi zikutanthauza "tsamba (s)".

Mavuto aakulu

Ngati malamulo a pamapepala amatha kukuthandizani kuti mupeze malemba a pa intaneti, muyenera kukumbukira zochepa chabe:

1. Mndandandawo ndi wofanana ndi nthawi yatsopano (Times New Roman, kukula kwa 14 ndiyomwe).
2. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira kusintha kwa mndandanda wa mabuku (makamaka ngati malemba a pamunsi akukonzedwa musanayambe kulembedwa kwa mabuku) kuti chiwerengero cha chitsimikizo chifotokozedwe bwino.

Kodi zimawoneka motani?

Kotero, kodi mawu a mmunsi amawoneka bwanji? Ndemanga: "Panthawi ina panali agogo ndi amayi, anali ndi Ryaba hen". Njira yoyamba: [1; 1], kusankha 2: [1; Ndi. 1]. Chosankhidwa chotheka: [1; 1-2] kapena [1; Ndi. 1-2]. Njira zonsezi zolembera maulendo apakati ndi zotheka. Chilichonse chimadalira zofunikira za kapangidwe ka mpando.

Malamulo Oyamba Kusinthidwa Mau a M'munsi

Ndiyeneranso kulingalira malamulo oyambirira a mapangidwe a mawu apansi pa ntchitoyi.

1. Zolembedwa pamunsizi zimapangidwa ndi nthawi imodzi (mosasamala kanthu za malemba omwe akugwira ntchito palokha), fayilo nthawi zambiri ndi yochepa.
2. Mndandanda wosiyana pang'ono udzakhala wolemba pamunsi pa maphunziro, ngati ali mu mzere. Choncho, kukula kwake kudzakhala chimodzimodzi ndizolemba. Kawirikawiri - Times New Roman kukula kwa 14-th.
3. Mawu a m'munsi ayenera kukhala ndi nambala yopezeka (kuchokera pa mndandanda wa maumboni), pamutu wamtunduwu, kufotokoza kwathunthu kwa gwero ndiko kotheka.
4. Mutuwu ukhoza kufotokozedwa mwachidule ndikufotokozedwa momveka bwino, njira ziwirizi zomwe zingapangidwe kuti zilolezedwe zimaloledwa mofanana, pokhapokha zitanenedwa.

Lamulo la kulembedwa kwa gwero

Kumvetsetsa momwe mungatchulire molondola mawu a mmunsi pa ntchitoyi, ndifunikanso kudziwa momwe mungatanthauzire molondola gwero lokha. Nchiyani chomwe mukufunikira kuti muwonetsetse momwe mukutsatira?

1. Dzina ndi oyambirira a wolemba. Ngati pali olemba angapo, amalembedwa mofanana monga momwe analembera pa gwero lokha.
2. Dzina lonse la gwero. Magawo ndi magawo amasonyezanso.
3. Ngati gwero lamasulidwe kuchokera ku chinenero chachilendo, dzina lonse lathu lomasulira likuwonetsedwa kupyolera mu slash.
4. Kenaka ikutsatira mzinda wa kusindikizidwa kwa gwero.
5. Dzina la nyumba yosindikizira.
6. Chaka chomwe chitsimecho chimasulidwa.
7. Chiwerengero cha masamba.

Chitsanzo: Novoselovets V.P., Udalova M.V. Kuyankhulana mu ntchito zapantchito / Novoselovets VP, Udalova MV - Petropavlovsk: IKO, 2001. - 116 p.