Mountain Byrranga msinkhu, mbiri ndi zithunzi. Kodi mapiri Byrranga

Byrranga ndi kumpoto dongosolo lokwera latsopano la Russia. Iwo ali gawo la Great Arctic ndi Taimyr Reserve. The zaka Geological a dongosolo lino ndi chimodzimodzi mu Urals lapansi. Byrranga Mountains, chimbuzi cha zomwe mamita 1125 pamwamba pa nyanja, ndi kutalika 1,100 Km. m'lifupi awo - makilomita 200.

Mwapamwamba kusinthasintha mfundo ndi msinkhu dongosolo migodi

Mpaka posachedwapa zinali mamita 1146 - kutalika pazipita ndi Byrranga mapiri. The chimbuzi, ndilo dzina la phiri glacier ili lokwera kumpoto kum'mawa. Koma zotsatira za yotsatira Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti akafika mamita 1119 chokha. Choncho, ife anasankha pamwamba osiyana ndi kutalika kwa 1125 m, yomwe ili kum'mawa.
Dongosolo lonse phiri akhoza kugawidwa mu zigawo zitatu. Kumadzulo ali wamng'ono kutalika - mpaka mamita 320. malire ake lifanane ndi chigwa Pyasina Mtsinje Yenisei Gulf. Ngati ife kusuntha kum'mawa kudutsa mu mapiri Byranga, kutalika ukuwonjezeka awo ndi chigawo chapakati mamita 400-600. Dera limeneli lili pakati pa mapiri dongosolo Pyasina mitsinje ndi Tajmyr. Ndipo kum'mawa ali ndi kutalika kwa 600 ndi 1125 m. Komanso kumpoto kwa mapiri ndi kuchepetsedwa ndi pali kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa zigwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

malo Hrs

Byrranga Mountains - dongosolo ili ndi Taimyr Peninsula, amene atsukidwa ndi madzi a Ocean Arctic. Iwo ali ndi ku Europe ndi ku Asia. Local anaitana khamu "lalikulu thanthwe". Byrranga - amayang'anira Mountains 73 ° 50'15 "ufuluwo kumpoto ndi 91 ° 21'40" longitude kum'mawa - zili pamwamba pa Arctic Circle. Zimenezi m'chigawo cha ku Far North amalenga aakulu nyengo. Popeza kuti ukhale awa ali ovuta kufikako, ndipo iwo ali kwa nthawi yaitali osati afufuza, pangakhale chisokonezo malo awo pa mapu.

Munthu aganiza kuti Byrranga mapiri m'chigawo Far East. Ndipotu, iwo anatambasula kumpoto kwa kum'mawa Siberia ndi kulowa dera la Krasnoyarsk Gawo. Komanso, kusokoneza dongosolo ranges ku Khibiny. Kuchokera pa ichi, iwo akuganiza kuti Byrranga mapiri zili kumpoto kapena kum'mwera kwa mzinda wa Murmansk. dongosolo ili pamodzi kufanana kwa Yenisei Gulf wa Nyanja Kara ndi Nyanja Laptev kunyanja. Zimatengera mbali yokulirapo ya Taimyr Peninsula. The chimbuzi lili kum'mawa kwa dongosolo - phiri mayina. Byrranga - udindo Hrs a dongosolo amalenga m'madera ndi kuchitiridwa - kum'mwera ndi m'mphepete mwa North otsika Siberia.

mpumulo

Mapiri tadulidwa ndi zigwa mtsinje wa akuya kwambiri ndipo dongosolo, womwenso za 30 zitunda. M'maenje wodzazidwa ndi madipoziti alluvial, pali zinthu za masitepe wakale m'madzi. Byrranga mapiri, amene msinkhu akhoza zimachitika kuti kukwezedwa ambiri, monga, kuwonjezera pa mtundu khola-glybovymu.

Nsonga mwina akalumikidzidwa osiyana kwambiri, pali komanso peaked, ndi yachonde ngati. Common magalimoto ndi pamasewera. Apa pali Madzi oundana ndi landforms kugwirizana - kurums, Pingo. mpumulo ndinaumbidwa ndi kuwundana kwa nthawi Quaternary. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi landforms glacial - ufa ndi moraines. Mu kum'mawa kwa oundana pano komanso masiku ano, amene muli 96 mwa onse.

Anthu zakwawoko

Isanafike Maulendo kafukufuku apeza phiri woyamba Byrranga Nganasans pa migrations kuti kugombe la nyanja ya Arctic. Komabe, pa dziko otsika mafuko amenewa sanapite chifukwa choopa mizimu ya kuipa maganizo awo, moyo pano.

Dolgan otchedwa izi Land malo Akufa: izo ankakhulupirira kuti mizimu ya anthu akufa kuno wotumidwa atamwalira. Choncho akuti Byrranga - malo a mizimu ndi asing'anga. Inde, mwala scree ndi ayezi anaphimba phiri otsetsereka ndi choonadi chidwi "Mayiko zopotoka" ndi anthu am'deralo lapansi. Choncho, apa iwo anayesa kuti asapite, ngakhale pofuna kukwaniritsa kugombe la nyanja. Izi akhoza kumva chakuti pa mapu kumpoto kwambiri wa mayina Russian: Leningrad, Usodzi. A kum'mwera - mu chinenero am'deralo: Bootankaga, Malaki Tari, Arylakh.

Nganasans moyo makamaka m'dera la Taimyr nyanja ndi mtsinje zigwa, osati mkuuka mapiri. ntchito yawo yaikulu inali mphalapala. Kuyambira za mapiri amenewa anthu a m'dera kumvetsa kuti Byrranga - mapiri, kuligaŵa ndi mitsinje. Ndithudi, kuimira dongosolo la zitunda, kuligaŵa ndi madzi ambiri.

Mu buku lina la mawu akuti "Byrranga" tichipeza magawo awiri. Kuchokera Yakut mawu "birr" - mu Russian amatanthauza "phiri" ndi Evenk suffix "nga" amatanthauza zochuluka. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina ku dzina zamakolo amatanthauza "mwala waukulu".

Studies ya Great kumpoto ulendo ndi zina

zaka 1736 apezeka Mountain Great kumpoto ulendo, kutsogozedwa ndi Pronchishchev podutsa m'nyanja m'mbali mwa nyanja ya kum'mawa. Patapita nthawi ino, ofufuza anadutsa dongosolo pamodzi pansi mtsinje Taimyr. Koma mapiri Byrranga pamaso 1950 anali pafupifupi unexplored, kupatula zigwa. Local mantha kupita kumeneko chifukwa iwo ankaganiza kuti malowa "m'munsi dziko." Middendorf, amene anapha malo pa mapu, analemba kuti atagonjetsa patali Nenets kumpoto, koma palibe mmodzi wa iwo anafika ku gombe.

Mu 1950, glacier yoyamba imene anali mwadzidzidzi apa akutchedwa mosayembekezereka. Iwo lili Phiri glacier. Kotero mu masiku awo, pamene anatulukira, mwambo umenewu wakhala kumverera mu madera a dziko. Ndipotu, ankaganiza kuti kuwundana onse padziko lapansili nthawi yakale adapeza. Patapita nthawi, ife tikupeza angapo. Pa Maulendo mu 1960 anayamba kuyan'anila oundana. Iwo zinatchulidwa kenako kuti iwo ali yafupika kukula, kusonyeza kuti kusintha kwa nyengo.

nyengo

The nyengo ya mapiri izi kwambiri, zikuchepa chokhala. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha pafupifupi ali mosinthasintha padziko mlingo wa -30.
Spring nyengo kumayambira June zimatha miyezi iwiri ndi theka, dzinja lili pafupi palibe. Mu August, pali kutentha negative. Mvula - 120-400 mamilimita chaka, 270 masiku chaka pali chisanu. Koma ozizira zimapangitsa m'mphepete mwa nkhanza ndipo akumane moyo, ndi mphepo yamphamvu kwambiri. Mbali ina ya nyengo mu malo awa - kusintha lakuthwa mu nyengo.

Zomera ndi nyama

Maonekedwe a mapiri zikuoneka ndi yowawitsa moyo, koma ngakhale pano mutha kuona wobiriwira wa zigwa mu miyezi yotentha. M'chaka pali zobiriwira zomera mabacteria. Mwa maluwa zomera anapeza novosiversiya, grits ndi poppies. The zomera malo awa ndi khalidwe la Titafika pamalo a, chogwidwa ndi ndere ndi lichens.

Byrranga Mountains, kutalika kwa amene amakhudza nyengo ndi magawidwe. Choncho, kusintha anakweza kutentha, nyengo, ndi pa nyama ndi zomera yemweyo. Popeza mapiri kwambiri kuligaŵa, maphompho ndi m'zigwa kulenga microclimate wapadera, kotero zomera ndi yosiyanasiyana malo amenewa ozizira, ku chipululu kwa mapiri ataliatali msondodzi nkhalango mkulu.

Mwa nyama yaing'ono mitundu lemming awiri adzakhalamo - Siberia ndi kolala. nyama zikuluzikulu angathe kupezeka pano, monga kalulu kalulu ndi nkhandwe, osachepera mutha kuona ermine. The chilombo yaikulu - nkhandwe. Deer amasamukira Chaka chilichonse, ndi musk ng'ombe unayamba mu 1974 ndipo wakhala bwinobwino katswiri m'dera limeneli. A zosiyanasiyana yaikulu ya mbalame.

Nthaka, Tectonics ndi Maminolo Resources

Byrranga mapiri a orogeny Hercynian, maphunziro awo anapita pa imodzi ndi Urals ndi Novaya Zemlya. Wamkulu ntchito tectonic akumana ndi kumpoto kum'mawa gawo.

The miyala, amene wapangidwa ndi gawo kum'mwera - siltstone, pali lotulukira gabbro ndi diabase, dolerite, anapanga pa Triassic ndi Permian. Limestones imapezekanso - akale m'madzi m'dambo. Mbali kumpoto ali ndi miyala Proterozoic limene pali granites. Common makwerero - igneous, amene wapangidwa phiri Byrranga. Mchere alipo mu Mbali yaikulu. Anapeza ambiri oyembekezera golide gawo monga miyala ndi placer. Palinso madipoziti lalikulu la malasha ndiponso malasha bulauni. Gawo insufficiently kufufuza ndi chifukwa inaccessibility a m'derali si chozama.

makala moyo

The chodabwitsa cha makala amoto, kupanga chodabwitsa phiri Byrranga. Photos of ndondomeko izi akufanana ndi kuphulika chiphala. Kutentha kwa dziko kuchuluka, m'madera ena kwenikweni kupuma moto ndi utsi. Mipweya zili kunja, ndipo anapanga kuzungulira mafunsidwe timibulu sulfure, sulphate, khwatsi. Monga Chifukwa moto sags phunziroli ndi sandstone ndi dongo mchikakamizo cha kutentha, kukhala ofiira owala ndi violet. Chifukwa mowiriza kuyaka wa malasha ndi kukhalapo kwa galasi mu dongosolo ndi pyrites mkuwa. Mu makutidwe ndi okosijeni, iwo ndi mkangano ndi kutentha zina. Komanso, kuyaka anakhalabe pa utuluke pamwamba exiting mpweya.

Mountain dongosolo Byrranga ali ndi nkhani zodabwitsa, ndi mtundu wa chilengedwe wapadera. Komanso, pali chakudya yaikulu ya mchere ndi zinthu zina, zinthu zimene malowa zingamuthandize kwambiri. Kukula kwa ntchito zokopa alendo n'zothekanso m'dera lino, koma inaccessibility malo mpaka ikhale kwambiri.