The kulemba mankhwala "pansi": luso Gorky, fano la Luka

Kuti zimene munthu, amene anaonekera pansi pa moyo chikhalidwe? Yankho la funso limeneli linaperekedwa mu sewero lake mwamphamvu. limakhulupirira Gorky. njira zakuya za XX m'ma chinathandiza kusintha zomvetsa chisoni kuti pali anthu ambiri ku Russia. Koma sewero, chakale Russian ndi Soviet mabuku makamaka nkhondo aumunthu. mfundo yake yaikulu - pa zipolowe maganizo. Kodi kulemba nkhani ntchito "Pa tsiku?" Kodi zikhazikitsidwe kusanthula sewero ili?

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Limakhulupirira Gorky mutu kwa kusewera chake yomweyo anapeza. Poyamba, iye anali Mabaibulo angapo. Pakati pawo - ndi "pansi" ndi "Doss nyumba". Kusankha wolemba anapanga mokomera odziwika bwino mayina wophiphiritsa. Kuchokera kusanthula mutu ayenera kuyamba ntchito mankhwala a "kuya wotsika". Ngwazi za sewerolo - anthu amene anali pa masamba a moyo chikhalidwe. Iwo anakanidwa ndi anthu. Aliyense ali prehistory yake, koma iwo onse amakhala pansi. Pansi pa moyo ndi pansi pa moyo, imene anali pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, koma mmene kuti iwo kuti.

zikuchokera

Kuti alembe nkhani ntchito "pansi", ayenera kulabadira zinthu Nkhani. chilengedwe chimene kanthu udzachitika - mdima unsightly chapansi. Ndi kumene kuli yachilendo anthu ziwembu zopulula. Ambiri a iwo alibe ngakhale maina yekha dzina lina. "Palibe njonda ndekha maliseche munthu," - anati mmodzi wa anthu a.

Adindo chapansi, zipinda nyumba - ndodo ndi mkazi wake, Vasilisa. Pa chiyambi cha ntchito pakati pa iwo ndi anthu a nyumba iyi wovutika anakonza nkhondo chikhalidwe. Koma ntchito ndi, oddly mokwanira, ndi mzere chikondi.

Mkazi akunyengerera Kostyleva Vaska Phulusa ku kupha mwamuna wake. Ngati iye achita upandu, amakhala ndi mbuye mfumu ya nyumba Yoona za Malo Ogona ndi kukhala watsopano, mkazi wamng'ono. Koma mbala Vaska amakopeka mlongo Vasilisa. Ngakhale Zoterezi oipa, anthu akhoza kudana mzake, nsanje, kunyamula mapulani mercantile. Komabe, ngakhale mfundo imeneyi ndi yofuna sewerolo. Ndipotu mbali yaikulu ndi ngozi kwayekha awo ndi padera. Iwo amalankhula, koma sindikumvetsa mzake. Wina akamva yekha. About kusungulumwa anthu pakati pa anthu akhoza kulemba nkhani ya ntchito "pansi."

kukambirana nthanthi

Pakati otchulidwa alibe luntha, ngakhale iwo akupitiriza kutsogolera zokambiranazo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti anthu opanda kapena kuwadula zofunikira, kulankhula za ulemu ndi chikumbumtima ya kuikidwa anthu mu moyo. Mukhale kanthu Komabe, iwo amayamba ndi maonekedwe a Luka - mlendo, amene mawu kudzutsa anthu a nyumba doss ndi Kachisisira chiyembekezo. Nyimbo pa ntchito Maksima Gorkogo "m'munsi kuya" mungagwiritse ntchito kuti khalidwe.

Luka

Tsoka la mlendo okalamba si mosavuta. Iye, monga anthu okhala doss nyumba, limabweretsa otchedwa anthu akale. Komabe, iye sanali tayiwala mmene akhale achifundo osati anataya chikondi ndi ulemu kwa anthu. Ndipo Chofunika, aliyense Luka munthu adakhoza kumva ndi kumvetsa.

Iye akutonthoza kudwala mkazi nkhani ya paradaiso kumwamba. Vaska Phulusa iye akulangiza kupita ku Siberia, ndi kuyamba ndi chinsalu woyera. yazokonza pansi A kuti zongopeka mu flophouse ndi chifukwa kuseka wachipongwe, iye atonthozedwa ndi mawu akuti: "Ngati inu mukukhulupirira mu chinachake chimene chinali chikondi chenicheni ndi inu, ndiye - izo zinali."

Philosophizing wapaulendo akufotokoza maxims anzeru limatiuza m'mafanizo, mu pachimake kumasiyanitsa malo ake pa bodza ndi phindu lake. Chinyengo, malinga ndi iye, akhoza kuthandiza munthu, nthawi zina ngakhale kudzampulumutsa. "Luke - mlaliki wa bodza" - ". Pamusi" kuti zikhoza kukhala mutu wa ntchito za mankhwala

M. Gorky anavomereza kuti nkhani zimene udalowa yokha mu ndondomeko ya kulenga play, n'zogwirizana ndi mfundo monga choonadi ndi chifundo. Kodi ndifunika munthu choonadi, ndipo ngati kupulumutsa mabodza ake? Luka nkhani wosangalatsa kuti sanathandize anthu a nyumba Yoona za Malo Ogona. Koma iwo, adawasansira izo, zinandipangitsa kuganiza ndi kumva lokwezeka.

luso wolemba

Gorky anakhala Mlengi wa mtundu wanyimbo latsopano la sewerolo. Mu ntchito ino, pali zinthu, osati kale ntchito sewero. Kupyolera mafanizo ndi mawu Luka anafotokoza maganizo a anthu a M. Gorky sukulu nkhani ntchito "Pa pansi" ayenera chiti kusanthula kukambirana. Kuti iwo anamanga kanthu za sewerolo, ndi chifukwa iwo tingathe kumvetsa udindo wa mlembi.

Limakhulupirira Gorky ntchito zochitikazi anachita monga wolowa mmalo mwa miyambo ya Chekhov. Iye sanang'ambirane akutchulidwa mu zabwino ndi zoipa, si kuika mu sewerolo mbali yaikulu. zizindikiro zimenezi ndi khalidwe la ntchito modabwitsa Antona Chehova.

Kulungamitsa wabodza-wotonthoza Luka, wolemba amaika patsogolo mlandu kwa otchuka, amene sangathe choonadi. Iwo sakudziwa kuvomereza, komanso kusintha chirichonse iwo safuna ngakhale. Ndipo chifukwa bodza limakhala chitonthozo awo.