Zilankhulo. Za mawu zikumveka, gulu la mavawelo

Mawu aliwonse a chinenero cha Chirasha pali mavawelo. Gulu la mavawelo anaphunzira osati sukulu komanso ku mayunivesite. mfundo zimene amaperekedwa m'nkhani ino, zothandiza kwambiri kwa ophunzira-philologists. Zikomo kwa iye, akhoza kuphunzira ndizosowa phonetics chinenero Russian. Nkhaniyi ili ndi chidwi mfundo zambiri za mavawelo lapansi.

Phonetics ndi zilankhulo. zambiri

Zilankhulo (zilankhulo) - sayansi kuti amaphunzira izi kapena kuti chinenero, komanso ntchito zake, kapangidwe mkati ndi malamulo a chamoyo wake. Zilankhulo kumagwirizana ndi mitundu ina yambiri ya moyo ndipo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa moyo aliyense. Zilankhulo ndi zapiringizana ndi mbiri ya zinthu zakale, ethnography, mabuku, kuwerenga maganizo, Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa, Anthropology, ndi nzeru.

Letters kuphunzira phonetics. Gulu la mavawelo, zilembo anapereka ku nthambi imeneyi ya sayansi. Phonetics, monga gawo la zilankhulo, akuphunzira Baibulo ndi syllables, phokoso osakaniza ndi dongosolo chaubale. sayansi unakhazikitsidwa m'zaka 17. analenga chifukwa cha kufunika kwa maphunziro a ogontha-mutes. M'zaka za m'ma 18. chinali chiyambi cha chiphunzitso lamayimbidwe ka mavawelo.

phokoso za mawu

Gulu la za mawu zikumveka chinenero Russian n'chofunika kwambiri kwa akatswiri a zinenero ndi. chiyambi chake kuphunzira pasukulu, koma malangizo mwatsatanetsatane amaperekedwa okha ophunzira-philologists. Zilembo - ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya phokoso mu articulation kumene mpweya sakhala amakumana ndi mavuto kwambiri. Choncho kuthamanga kwambiri analengedwa pa m'mphako ya.

Acoustically articulation za mawu zikumveka ankayimiridwa ngati oscillation nthawi. Gulu la mavawelo ndi phokoso kusiyanitsa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zimene zafotokozedwa m'nkhani ino. Kusiyana articulation Zimapezeka ndi kusintha mu mawonekedwe a M'mimbamo lapansi. Chinenero cha Chirasha pali 10 mavawelo.

Zilembo kudzera articulation lamayimbidwe amatchedwanso phokoso nyimbo. Pansi zimatanthauzanso makalata ndi phokoso lomwelo. Pankhaniyi, kugwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "za mawu zikumveka".

Zizindikiro za mavawelo

Za mawu zikumveka ndi gulu lawo ndi zina zofanana. Iwo ankadziwa kuti aliyense wa zilankhulo. Nkhani umu ena a iwo:

1. Chizindikiro choyamba - kuwuka. Iwo amagwirizana ndi ofukula chinenero thupi. Pali mitundu inayi kuchira: Upper; yachiwiri chapamwamba; m'ma pansi; m'munsi. Osati zilankhulo zonse zimapezeka mitundu yonse ya chimakweza. Mwachitsanzo, mu chinenero cha Chirasha, pali m'modzi yekha sing'anga akuluakulu.
2. Mbali ina - chiwerengero. Iwo limanenedwa ndi yopingasa lilime udindo pa articulation lapansi. Pali mndandanda atatu: Front; pafupifupi; kumbuyo.
3. Labialization mavawelo kugwirizana ndi udindo wa milomo. Mwachitsanzo, phokoso labial linanena ndi kutambasula milomo patsogolo.
4. Phonation amagwirizana ndi kugwedera zingwe amapilira.

Lamayimbidwe gulu la mavawelo

mavawelo onse anapanga pogwiritsa ntchito mawu. Iwo akhoza kukhala mantha ndi unstressed. Izo zimatengera malo awo mu mawu enaake. Malinga zimenezi, mavawelo amatchedwa amphamvu kapena ofooka. Zikatero beeps lalifupi lozungulira. Pa katchulidwe awo si chofunika mavuto zingwe amapilira. mavawelo amphamvu kuwomba yaitali kwambiri. Popereka kufunika kwawo Usatong'olere zingwe wanu amapilira.

Kamvekedwe ka mavawelo - izo nesamorazlichitelnaya khalidwe. Iwo akhoza kupatsira boma maganizo a wokamba kapena tanthauzo kalembedwe la mawu kapena chiganizo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati iwo ali interrogative, ndi za mawu amene amanyamula tanthauzo lalikulu, ananena kamvekedwe apamwamba.

Mabuku bwino kuphunzira phonetics chinenero Russian

Gulu la mavawelo ndi zilembo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuphunzira Chirasha. Nkofunika ntchito mabuku ena mu kuphunzitsa. Ndi N'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa kuti aphunzire phonetics zonse zimafuna wambirimbiri nthawi ndi khama. Popanda kugwiritsa ntchito maphunziro mabuku apadera khalidwe zotheka. Nkhaniyi limatchula mabuku yabwino, imene gulu la mavawelo ndi zilembo.

buku lakuti "The phonetics la chinenero chamakono Russian" amene wolemba - Bulanin LL, Chili akatswiri a chinenero kufotokoza Russian zochokera ambiri zinenero phonetic malingaliro L. V. Scherby sukulu. Buku - buku ophunzira a philology. Buku akupereka njira ongolankhula chinenero Russian. Lili mitu inayi.

"Chirasha Phonetics kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe kalembedwe ..." - wina mabuku zabwino. AI Moiseev - wolemba. Lili 254 masamba zakuthupi ongolankhula. Buku limanena osati gulu la phokoso mawu (e, zilembo), komanso chifukwa cha kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe komanso kalembedwe ka. Cholinga cha bukhuli masewero kusintha chidziwitso katswiri wa mphunzitsi wa chinenero ndi philology ophunzira Russian.

buku lakuti "Historical phonetics chinenero Russian" linasindikizidwa mu 1980. Mlembi wake - Kolesov V. V. buku lili 214 masamba. Limafotokoza chitukuko cha dongosolo phonetic wa Chirasha. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa njira zonse Russian chinenero. mfundo zonse zopezeka mu bukhu, mothandizidwa ndi nkhani yoona ku magwero osiyanasiyana.

"Phonetics wa Modern Russian Language" - buku lake wolemba ndi Girzheva GN inasindikizidwa chaka chapitacho. Cholinga cha bukuli - kukhala kumvetsa ophunzira a zokuzira wa ntchito chinenero, komanso kupanga lingaliro mayunitsi audio.

akatswiri a zinenero ambiri kwa zakanso zambiri akuyendayenda phokoso la mawu. Gulu la mavawelo komanso zilembo - ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Pakuti buku wathunthu wa mudziwe n'kofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mabuku ena.

Zosangalatsa za za mawu zikumveka "ndi" ndi "o"

The za mawu "a" ndi chimodzi mwa waukulu ndipo ambiri m'zinenero zambiri za dziko. Izi chinthu choyamba kuphunzira kutchula mwana wakhanda. Akatswiri amanena kuti phokoso la "ndi 'chili mwa mwamtheradi manenedwe onse a dziko. Mwa njira, mu Chiyubeki ndi za mawu okha. pa ophiphiritsa akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti makalata zonse zichokera kwa 'ndi'.

Kalata "ndi" ali ndi chiyambi Foinike, komanso ena ambiri. Ndandanda wa alifabeti ambiri, iye akufotokozedwa ngati kansalu ndi mtanda pakati. Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti chimaimira mutu wa ng'ombe. Nyama imeneyi anali analemekezedwa mwapadera ku Foinike. Mu Chikhristu, za mawu "a" amatanthauza mabala asanu a Yesu Khristu.

Phokoso la "o" ndi akale kwambiri. kalatayi kunali mbali ya zilembo Foinike wa zaka zoposa 3 zikwi zapitazo. Kuyambira pamenepo, iye sanasinthe. Mpingo ndi oyambirira Chisililiki zilembo kalata zikumveka ngati "pa".

Kalata "E", "E", "yakumadzulo", "Ine"

Yofunika ankaimba ndi mavawelo mu chinenero cha Chirasha. Gulu la mavawelo zimatithandiza kumvetsa mmene molondola kuwatchula mawu makamaka. Kalata "E", "E", "yakumadzulo", "Ine", limene lili patapita consonant kusonyeza softness ake. Pankhaniyi, iwo kuimira za mawu phokoso.

Ndi palibe chinsinsi kuti kalata "E", "E", "yakumadzulo", "Ine" zina angaimire 2 phokoso. Izi zikhoza kuchitika pamene wina wa iwo ili pa chiyambi cha mawu. Mwachitsanzo, mawu akuti "Oil" zikumveka ngati [def] L. kalata ali ndi phokoso ochepa kukachitika kuti ili pambuyo za mawu a. Mwachitsanzo, chabwino. Zinthu phonetic likugwiritsidwanso ntchito pa mlandu patapita za mawu ndi zovuta kapena zofewa chizindikiro.

Kalata "s" ndi chiyembekezo chakuti yake

Kumveka "Y" ndi mawu. Amachititsa kupanda chidziwitso cha alendo amene akufuna kuphunzira Chirasha. Iwo ali pa nthawi yaitali maphunziro sindikumvetsa bwino kutchula mawu. Phonology kufotokoza iye monga pafupi chapakati unrounded mawu. mkokomo umenewu ikupezeka mu zinenero zambiri dziko.

Kumveka "s" anagawira mwa Mongolia ndi anthu Turkic. Zvukosmyslovye kusiyana makalata "s" ndi "ndi" kulenga mndandanda latsopano mawu ndi mfundo.

Zaka ziwiri zapitazo, Vladimir Zhirinovsky wakhala akufuna kuchotsa kalata "s" chinenero Russian. Iye ananena kuti palibe chinenero chilichonse European. Ndipo sangalankhule, osati alendo, komanso ana. Akatswiri amanena kuti ndiyotani pakuchotsa makalata Phokoso kungakhale, koma kokha kumabweretsa mavuto mu chinenero olankhulidwa ndi olembedwa.

Akatswiri ena amanena kuti kusokoneza chitukuko cha chinenero phonetic n'zosatheka. Sound dongosolo chinapangidwa pa zaka zambiri paokha, ndi lilime lake imalongosola yokha.

Kwa zaka zambiri, anapanga zilembo ndi mavawelo. Gulu la mavawelo, zilembo ndi chitukuko zawo zikufotokozedwa zambiri zokhudza sayansi philologists masikolala.

Kuphunzira mavawelo

Kuphunzira mavawelo amachititsa vuto ana. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana kuti kulola makolo ndi aphunzitsi kuti kuphunzira mwanayo aluso. Kuti aphunzitse ana kuwerenga ndi syllables, nkofunika kwa iwo kudziwa ndi kusiyanitsa mavawelo. Phunziro loyambali n'kofunika kuphunzira ndi mwana zosakwana 4 makalata. Onse a iwo kusindikizidwa pa makadi. Pa phunziro, mwanayo ayenera kuona iwo. Nkofunika osati kusonyeza kalata komanso kulankhula izo. Choncho mwanayo mukukumbukira izo zowoneka ndi Makutu.

Mu phunziro lachiwiri, n'kofunika kubwereza kale makalata ndipo chitani kuphunzira awiri. Kuti dziŵani mwanayo mavawelo ndi maphunziro 5.

Polongosola mwachidule

Kwambiri ntchito yomwe mavawelo mu chinenero cha Chirasha. Gulu la mavawelo Tsopano inu mukudziwa. Iwo akhala akugwira osati akatswiri a zinenero kokha, komanso anthu amene ali ndi chidwi mu chitukuko cha phonetics chinenero Russian. Maphunziro ndi ofunika komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mabuku ena.