Nyama za Madagascar: The zomera wapadera wa chisumbucho

Mu 1500, pachilumba cha Madagascar anapeza kuyamika mwangozi. Team Chipwitikizi kuyenda panyanja Diogo días anagunda namondwe amene akhaapatisa asayandikire kwa kokha kuzungulira dziko. Choncho anatulukira chilumba ndi chikhalidwe kwambiri komanso zomera olemera.

chilumba wapadera

Madagascar ili ku gombe la Africa East, kumene izo ndi wosiyana zaka zoposa 160 miliyoni zapitazo. malo ake apadera monga mapiri, nyanja, malo a chipululu, nkhalango, anathandiza kuti ukhale ndi nambala yaikulu mitundu ya nyama. Pa chilumba awo zoposa 250 zikwi, ndipo ambiri a iwo - .. Kodi kuderako, ie, sanapezeke m'madera ena padziko lonse. The zomera la Madagascar ndi wapadera. Iwo makamaka umaimiridwa ndi nyama zazing'ono zokwawa.

mitundu yambiri ya chilumba zinyama tsopano pafupi kutha. Anthu ncho mchere, kudula nkhalango, kupanga nyama akuvutika.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ambiri nkhokwe chikhalidwe ndi malo otetezedwa, kumene zinthu zonse kukhalapo ufulu wa zinyama wapadera. Asayansi ntchito, kutsatira anthu zanyama zosiyanasiyana ndi kumenyera chitukuko.

Madagascar - ufumu wa lemurs

The gawo lalikulu la chilumba zomera zimapanga nyama yotero ya Madagascar monga lemurs. anthu a m'dziko kuwachitira ulemu kwambiri, chifukwa iwo amakhulupirira kuti thupi la prosimians ikuyenda mizimu ya anthu akufa. Zoposa 20 mitundu ya nyama moyo pachilumbachi.

Khalani lemurs mabanja amene akupondereza wamkazi. Zilombozi wokondeka amafanana makolo awo - ndi anyani, koma ndi miyendo wamfupi ndi ikhale pamphuno zisonga. Nature angwiro maonekedwe awo, kuwonjezera maso aakulu. limagwirira Zimenezi zimathandiza nyama nocturnal mwangwiro azivala m'zigawo chakudya. Nyama kudya makamaka tizilombo ndi zomera. Iwo ansangala kwambiri, wolimba ndi chidwi.

mitundu lemurs

Chidwi kwambiri zikuwoneka osiyana lemurs Kata. Akaime woyera yachisoni ndi mdima "mfundo" ndi mchira wautali wovulidwa. Ndi kukula kwa anthu a mitundu sadzachitanso olumpha mphaka zoweta. Chifukwa sitili pafupifupi ogwirira nyama yotero ya Madagascar monga Kata, Ambiri.

Anthu Madagascar ndi laling'ono Kanyaniko - mbewa lemur. mwana kutalika kwa thupi ndi za 9 cm, ndi mchira -. 27 masentimita mitundu Izi anapeza mu chaka cha 2000.

chidwi nthumwi wina - rukonozhka. dzina lina la nyama - ndi Aye Aye-. Iwo amakhala ku mitengo ndi chakudya chawo, pogwiritsa ntchito zala sikhala yaitali ndi olimbikira. Small nyama n'kudzandigunda makungwa kwa mphutsi, ntchito echolocation. Kunja si makamaka wokongola: malaya shaggy kuti amakhala mu njira zonse, chikasu lonse-akonzedwa maso ndi lalikulu makutu theka-zozungulira.

Pakuti lemurs waukulu amatanthauza indri. kulemera kwake ndi makilogalamu 10 ndi kutalika -. masentimita 90 Ngakhale kukula akuluakulu nyama deftly kukwera mitengo. Banja lililonse lili ndi malo amphamvu kuti kuteteza kupanga mapokoso okweza.

dambo streaked

nyama zambiri chisawawa ku Madagascar, mu njira zachilendo kuti azolowere moyo mu malo m'madzi. Miyendo streaked nembanemba okonzeka ndi zambiri minofu minofu. Small nyama deftly umadutsa madzi osaya, kugwira tadpoles ndi nsomba. Pakuti kusaka amagwiritsa ntchito ndevu - tcheru tinyanga, amene ali makina ounikira, kusinthasintha msampha madzi. Chidwi ndi streaked maonekedwe: kukula kwake - 15 cm, ndi chisakanizo cha ubweya ndi masingano chimakwirira thupi lonse. Izo zikuwoneka nyama ang'ono ngati hedgehog kakang'ono, koma kwenikweni amatanthauza shrews.

mbalame yosowa

Olemera chilumbachi ndi mbalame - iwo ali kunyumba kwa mitundu pafupifupi 150, chimene munthu wachitatu - ali kuderako. Kwambiri nyama kawirikawiri mu Madagascar ku gulu la mbalame - Common Pochard. Chosowa chakudya ndi kuyanika ndi matupi madzi chifukwa zochita za anthu aika mtundu uwu abakha kuopsezedwa kutha. Iye akhapidziwa kuti mbalame awa apita kosatha, koma mu 2006 anapeza anthu ang'ono analipo anthu 20. Kwa zaka 8 bwino ndi zovuta ntchito za maphunziro izo anakwanitsa kuonjezera ndi nthawi 4. Madzi ndi wokongola kwambiri, lili pabuka-bulauni thupi, imvi mulomo ndi mimba woyera.

M'menemo ndi buluu cuckoo m'chipani. Mbalame ali ndi maonekedwe amazipanga wabwino ndi olemera buluu zikuuluka. Mosiyana ndi achibale, iye hatches mbewu nokha. Anaonekeranso wake mochititsa chidwi kuderako anabwera kuopsezedwa kutha anthu opha nyama.

Foss

Angamvetse izi ndani kuti chilombo lalikulu la chilumba ukufika mamita 1.5 okha m'litali, theka amene amatenga mchira wautali. Amphamvu nyama muscled tsitsi pabuka-bulauni. Kunja, nyama ya Madagascar monga mphaka ndi marten, koma a civet banja. Mchira Foss, pamodzi ndi zikhadabu retractable, kulola kuti deftly kukwera zitunda zazitali ndi mitengo kusaka nyama. Chiwerengero cha adani amenewa alipo ochepa kwambiri ndipo pafupi kutha.

amphibia

Chilumba cha Madagascar lili ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha mitundu ya achule, Pakati pa akuluakulu ndi achule, abuluzi ndi chameleons.

Mitundu kawirikawiri ndi pangozi ndi listohvostye geckos. Zikomo kuti maonekedwe zosaneneka iwo mosavuta kupewa maso kuwafunsa mafunso ochititsa manyazi. Amphibian kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 13 ndipo ali ndi mchira, nkomwe distinguishable ku pepala zouma. thupi amphibian aphimbidwa ndi khungwa khungu ngati.

Panther chameleon amasiyana mtundu yowala amene mosavuta anasintha chifukwa kapangidwe wapadera wa maselo a thupi. luso lake iwo ntchito kubisa ndiponso kulankhulana. Lodziwika mtundu wa luso imodzi penyani maso awiri zinthu zosiyana za kusaka. Pamaso amasulidwe yomata lilime chameleon lolunjika pa chandamale.

Mu M'nkhalango zikuluzikulu za chilumba anthu achule ambiri. Kwambiri lodziwika phwetekere microhylidae. Akazi a mitundu ndifilimu zimalimbikitsa wa phwetekere kucha ndi mikwingwirima wakuda m'mbali mwa torso ndi. Ngati pali chiopsezo cha khungu akutivutitsa chinsinsi.

Mbali yaikulu Madagascar zisanathe ankafufuza. Chaka chilichonse anatulukira mitundu yatsopano. Asayansi akupita patsogolo pa kuchulukitsa chiwerengero cha anthu a mitundu pangozi kuderako pachilumbachi.