Mtima wa nsomba ndi chiyani? zipinda nsomba za mtima

Kumene, nsomba ndi anthu ena m'madzi ndi mtima, amene ali ndi makhalidwe ofanana ndi anthu a ntchito, akuchita pakati pake penipeni ntchito ya kusowa magazi a thupi. Mu chilolo limodzi chabe ndi m'mene adapinda mosiyana anthu dongosolo kufalitsidwa mu nsomba. Wamba bezhryaschevyh nsomba magazi kumachitika mu mizere molunjika, ndipo chichereŵechereŵe apamwamba - mawonekedwe a kalata English S. kusiyana Ichi ndi chifukwa dongosolo zovuta za ziwalo m'thupi ndi osiyana zikuchokera magazi. Kumayambiriro kwa nkhani ino, tikambirana mtima wa nsomba wamba, ndi pite ku chichereŵechereŵe okhala chodabwitsa cha dziko madzi.

thupi zofunika

Mtima - ndi zazikulu ndi thupi waukulu aliyense wa m'thupi. Nsomba, komanso anthu ndi nyama zina ndi mtima. Iwo zingaoneke zachilendo, chifukwa nsomba nyama mwankhanzaku, mosiyana ndi ife. Thupi ili ndi minofu sac, amene nthawi zonse kucheperachepera, potero amawononga magazi thupi lonse.

ndi mtima wa nsomba ndi kayendedwe ka magazi zimene zimachitika, mungaphunzire ndi kuwerenga zimene zili mu nkhani imeneyi.

kukula thupi

Miyeso ya mtima zimadalira kulemera okwana thupi, kotero ikuluikulu nsomba, wamkulu ake "galimoto". mtima wathu poyerekeza ndi kukula kwa nkhonya, ndi nsomba sindingakhoze. Koma tikudziwa pa maphunziro zamoyo pa mtima nsomba yaing'ono kukula kwa masentimita angapo. Ndipo pano pa oimira yaikulu ya dziko m'madzi thupi angafikire ngakhale makumi awiri kapena makumi atatu masentimita. nsomba monga mlamba, Pike, carp, Nsombazi, ndi ena.

mtima ali kuti?

Ngati munthu okhudzidwa ndi funso mmene mitima ya nsomba, pomwepo anayankha - wina. Ndi zosadabwitsa kuti nkhaniyi n'zotheka, koma monga mchitidwe limasonyeza n'zotheka. Nthawi zambiri pamene kukonza wapabanja nsomba n'komwe kuti n'zosavuta kupeza mtima. Monga munthu, mtima wa nsomba kudera zapambuyo thupi. Ngati kukhala enieni kwambiri, basi pansi makutu a. Pa mbali zonse za mtima zimatetezedwa ndi nthiti, komanso athu. Chithunzi, zomwe mungathe onani pansipa, thupi waukulu wa nsomba zaikidwa nambala wani.

kapangidwe

Popeza makhalidwe a kupuma nsomba komanso kuti makutu, mtima nyengo zosiyana kuposa nyama lapansi. Zowoneka, mtima wa nsomba mu mawonekedwe ofanana ndi athu. Aang'ono ofiira thumba ndi yaing'ono wotumbululuka pinki thumba pansi ndipo pali thupi ili.

Mtima mwankhanzaku kukhala m'madzi ali zipinda ziwiri zokha. Ndicho ventricle ndi atrium. Iwo zili umakhala pafupi, kapena kukhala enieni kwambiri, mmodzi pamwamba pa wina. Ventricle ali atrium ndi zimaonetsa wowalirako. Nsomba ndi mtima wapangidwa minofu minofu, ndi chifukwa chakuti iwo amakwaniritsa udindo wa mpope ndi mosalekeza yafupika.

makope chiwembu

nsomba mtima chikugwirizana ndi makutu mothandizidwa ndi mitsempha imene ili mbali ya mtsinje waukulu m'mimba. Limatchedwanso ndi msempha m'mimba, kuwonjezera, ndi thupi lonse la matenda kutsogolera mitsempha woonda kuti magazi ukuyenda.

Magazi nsomba wolemera carbon dioxide, zimene ziyenera kukonzedwa motere. Kudutsa mitsempha, magazi zathandiza kuti mtima wa nsomba, kumene mothandizidwa ndi atria ndi amawapopa kudzera mitsempha mu makutu a. Makutu, nayenso, malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa capillaries chabwino. capillaries Awa ndi makutu onse Kungakuthandizeninso msanga kusamutsidwa kutulutsa magazi. Kenako, ali mu makutu mpweya woipa wosakaniza ndi unasintha oxygen. Ndicho chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kusunga madzi komwe nsomba moyo, anali ladzala ndi oxygen.

Mpweya magazi akupitiriza ulendo wake ndi thupi la nsomba ndipo anatumiza kwa msempha waukulu, umene uli pa lokwera lapansi. Kuyambira mtsempha wamagazi ichi nthambi kuchokera kuchuluka capillaries. Mu magazi awo akuyamba, kani, kuwombola, chifukwa tikudziwa, kuchokera makutu kumbuyo magazi mpweya.

Chifukwa ndi m'malo magazi mthupi la nsomba. M'magazi kuti mitsempha, womwe nthawi zambiri zikuwoneka wolemera wofiira, kusintha kwa magazi kuchokera mu mtsempha amene ali akuda kwambiri.

Malangizo a kufalitsidwa

Mtima zipinda nsomba atrium ndi ventricle, zomwe zili ndi mavavu wapadera. Chifukwa kuli nthambi izi kayendedwe ka magazi kumachitika mu njira imodzi yokha, kuchotsa kuponyera iwowo. Ichi ndi chofunika kwambiri kwa zamoyo.

Vienna anatumiza magazi mu atrium, ndipo kumeneko wasefukira m'chipinda chachiwiri cha mtima nsomba, kenako ziwalo yeniyeni - makutu. Chisonyezo yamasika kumachitika mwa zofunika kwa msempha m'mimba. Choncho, tingathe kuona kuti mtima wa nsomba zimapangitsa ambiri acronyms wosatha.

Mtima nsomba cartilaginous

Izi makamaka kalasi ya nsomba imene amakhala ndi pamaso pa chigaza, msana ndi makutu mosabisa. Wotchuka woimira kalasi angatchedwe Nsombayi ndi kunyezimira.

Ngati achibale awo bezhryaschevyh mtima cartilaginous nsomba ali makamera awiri kufalitsidwa. The ndondomeko ya kupatsana mpweya woipa chifukwa mpweya kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga tafotokozazi, mbali chabe. Zikuphatikizapo pamaso pa spiracle, amene amathandiza kuti madzi kuti makutu a. Ndipo onse chifukwa makutu a nsomba m'dera m'mimba.

Chinthu china chosiyana ndi kukhalapo kwa thupi monga ndulu ya. Havayo, ndi malo womaliza wa magazi. Izi ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti pa nthawi ya polojekiti zomwe zinachitika otsiriza mwamsanga chakudya pa thupi bwino.

Magazi cartilaginous nsomba yaitali ladzala ndi mpweya, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa maselo a magazi. Ndipo onse chifukwa kuchuluka ntchito za impso, kumene kuli chitukuko.