Ndege zida chitukuko, kupanga yokonza

Anthu nthawi zonse amayesetsa kusintha moyo. Patsogolo zosiyanasiyana nthawi zonse kumabweretsa abwino a moyo. Chakwanira kuyerekeza miyoyo ya ena zaka 150 zapitazo mpaka lero, kuti timvetse kuti patsogolo - ndi kulisiya ndi zabwino kwambiri.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu kuti imathandizira patsogolo - kuwongolera njira ya, kuyambitsa mitundu yatsopano. Monga angapo zaka zapitazo, anthu ochepa anakhulupirira amatha kudzera mu mpweya mu ndege ikakhala yolemera kuposa mpweya. Lero, ndege mbe mu moyo wa munthu. zida ndege ntchito m'madera ambiri a moyo, katundu ndi mayendedwe galimotolo ulimi, kafukufuku wa sayansi, makampani usilikali ndipo ngakhale maholide.

Origin a ndege

Kumayambiriro kwa patsogolo m'dera zimenezi anagwidwa makamaka okonda, motsogozedwa ndi lingaliro. Pa ndzidzi onowu sadziwa malamulo a aerodynamics, kotero toyesa ndi zinamangidwa ndi kukupiza mapiko. zipangizo zamakono wakhala opanda ungwiro, choncho ndege yoyamba anali wosadalirika kwambiri. Ndiyamika mafilimu a kanema a, zidzapanga kudya zoyenda kayendedwe ka mapiko mbalame, maganizo yowala anasiya kusuntha mapiko. Anayamba kufufuza ndi zatsopano m'munda wa aerodynamics. Icho chinali chimodzi cha njira woyamba, amene adapatsa mphamvu mu njira yoyenera.

Ndiye alipo opanga ndege kuti anazindikira kuti chitukuko cha luso ndege mukapambana koposa ngati inu ntchito chitsanzo cha ndegeyo m'tsogolo, kufufuza zotsatira za ikuwomba awo mu una wa mphepo. Choncho, njira mkondo sayansi anakhala mtengo kwambiri ndi otetezeka.

Komanso ndinazindikira kuti n'zosatheka kukhala mokwanira odalirika ndege yekha. mudziwe sakanikira ndi kwambiri kuti n'komwe kulenga ndege moona odalirika.

Mavuto pa siteji koyamba chitukuko

Chinthu china chimene anachita patsogolo chinali mlengi yekha anali kuchita ntchito zambiri zina. Kunali kofunika osati kuti anapezazo, komanso kupanga ndi kukhalabe ndege pansi chitukuko mtsogolo, kudzikonda mayeso ndege, kutanthauza - muyenera aphunzire kawulukidwe. Ndani? Pa yekha.

Ndipo chinthu china chofunika kwambiri - muyenera ndalama, ndi kupereka malawi awo, ndi kufalitsa maloto awo. Komanso, nthawi zonse anali kuthetsa kunyozedwa ndi onyoza otsutsa nsanje ndi okaikira. Amene amachitira munthu maganizo kwambiri katundu pa amatukutuku.

maofesi kapangidwe

Lero, pamene gawo yovutayi chitukuko cha mafakitale ndege kalekale pa, tili kugawanika bwino. Pali kusonkhezera maudindo, amene alandira malangizo a mabungwe omwe ali okhudzidwa kuti luso ndege anayamba kupanga. Zimenezi ndi mowolowa manja ndalama zolipirira ndi makasitomala, kaya ndi boma kapena thupi ena. maofesi kapangidwe ndi zofunika zakuthupi m'munsi onse kufufuza anapezazo, zoyeserera, prototyping.

Kuyambira kuwerengetsera kukayezetsa

Pamene yeniyeni Mwachitsanzo ndege ndi wokonzeka, ndi nthawi kupanga ndege mayeso. Ngati akulowa ogwira ophunzitsidwa - oyendetsa mayesero ena ndege-zochotsa dongosolo, ndi zaka zambiri akuuluka osiyana nyengo ndi mavuto mwadzidzidzi, pamene pali kusokonezeka kapena kulephera kwa wagawo iliyonse.

ndege yoyamba luso akuyesedwa pansi. magawo onse zikugwira ntchito ndi kuliika ndege wolemba ndi kusanthula kale. Ngati magawo onse malire yovomerezeka yotsatira zofunika kwambiri siteji - mayesero ndege. Pa nthawi imeneyi, kuwonjezera pa ndege zojambulira, chidwi kwambiri linaperekedwa kwa zidindo ndi zomverera kuti chichokera testers pa ndege mayeso. Pa mfundo imeneyi, angathe kumwedwa kutsirizitsa m'madera amene adzapanga ndemanga kapena maganizo.

Prototypes - osati kumapeto kwa ndondomekoyi

Kamodzi zonse izi n'komwe mu kapangidwe, ndi nthawi kukhazikitsa kupanga ndege, mayeso omaliza. Order amabwera mu fakitale ndege, amene ali ndi zida zina zofunika kuchita dongosolo. Komabe, mbewu simudzapezeka aliyense nawo kupanga ndege. ambiri zomera akhoza kutengapo mbali ndi specialization yopapatiza. Mwachitsanzo amene amapanga injini ndege, zida navigation, zipangizo kulamulira kwa ntchito za machitidwe osiyanasiyana mu ndege. Zikwi mbali kukhala vygotovleny ndi kufufuzidwa kwa kugwilizana ndi magawo kamangidwe. Izi ndi mphindi yovuta kwambiri.

Mwachitsanzo, kupanga masamba chopangira mphamvu kwa injini ndege% 3-5 okha a mbali kutulutsa ndidzadutsa ulamuliro luso. Enawo adzakanidwa natuma pamalowo. Khalidwe la mankhwala woyikidwa zofunika apamwamba. Pambuyo kulephera mbali yapadera angakhale ndi zotsatira zoopsa.

Chinachake amene adakangalika

Koma pano pali masamba wathu wokongola khamu mzere. Zaka ntchito mwakhama ayenera kulipira. Pa nthawi ina palibe amene adzaleka. ambiri adzamasulidwa, ndipo mwina mazana a magazini a ndegeyo.

Ndege ntchito misapu. Tsopano ndi nthawi kuchita ntchito imeneyi, ophunzitsidwa bwino ndege adalira, misonkhano pansi ndodo, amene adzapereka flights zida ndege mu ndege ambiri, airfields, maofesi Rada panyanja.

Thambo akuyamba pamtunda

Kumene, sadzachitika ndi ndodo, imene adzapanga yokonza aircrafts pansi.

Refueling, mafuta, wothinikizidwa mpweya, madzi ... Pre-ndege ndipo pambuyo ndege anayendera zida kudziwa zolakwa aliyense ... M'malo ndi chiyesedwe cha zigawo ndi misonkhano, kumapeto kwa moyo kuthekera yophera nsomba zambiri ... zonse kunja anayendera fuselage ndi mapiko, ankafika zida, injini, mchira. .. Zonsezi zimafuna maphunziro ndi kuphunzitsa ogwira kwambiri oyenerera.

Kwa zaka 150 ndege wasamuka kuchoka m'gulu la zopeka ndi maloto mu gulu la makampani zamakono. M'dera limeneli, anthu ambirimbiri ali wotanganidwa. Kalekale anathawa nthawi, pamene ndege anakhalabe pa changu chomwecho. Masiku ano, dera la kafukufuku wa sayansi, chitukuko, kuyezetsa komanso kupanga kubweretsa phindu lalikulu kwa anthu.

Ngati Tikayerekeza maonekedwe a aircrafts yamakono ndi zitsanzo choyamba, tidzaona chisomo ndi kukongola, kudalirika ndi chitonthozo. Kuti athandize anthu ntchito kumene akutulukira mitundu ya sayansi athe ndi ergonomics. Ngakhale bwino yaikulu, ndege luso akupitiriza kukhala. Palibe chikaiko kuti tikambirana nkhani ya kusintha zina ndi kunyada kwa anthu.