Ndemanga ya sayansi

Kukula kofulumira kwa anthu, kupita patsogolo mofulumira komanso kwachangu kwa sayansi ndi luso lamakono kumafuna kupanga mapepala apadera, omwe ndi oyenerera kwambiri pofotokozera ndi kusamutsa chidziwitso cha sayansi. Kotero chimodzi mwazofunikira zosiyana zazinthu zolemba - sayansi ya sayansi - inakhazikitsidwa.

Chizolowezichi chikuwonetsera chikhumbo cha kutchulidwa kutchulidwa: mawu, mawu osamveka, tanthauzo la mawu molunjika. Kwenikweni, mawu a sayansi amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba, zomwe zimabweretsa ntchito yosapeŵeka ya zomangamanga m'zinenero.

Chilankhulo cha sayansi chimakwaniritsa ntchito yolankhulana; Zimangokhala ngati chinenero chamanja. Choncho, asayansi amachititsa chidwi chake pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro, zozizwitsa komanso malipoti okhudza nkhaniyo. Ndondomeko ya sayansi, kukhala chida chopanga malemba, malingaliro ndi zina zotero, ndizolemetsa polankhula zimatanthawuza kuti alibe malingaliro, komanso zizindikiro zomwe zili ndi ziphunzitso zogwirizana ndi sayansi ndi katundu, dongosolo la kusagwirizana ndi kusonkhana.

Komabe, mawonekedwe a sayansi samagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafanizo - asayansi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kufananitsa, kuyesera kufotokoza lingaliro lina mozindikira. Kachiwiri, mu malemba a sayansi pali zokwanira zolankhula zomwe zimalongosola malingaliro omveka a wolemba ku chinthu choyankhula. Komabe, izi sizimapanga mafano ndi kudzigonjera zofunikira za kalembedwe kameneka.

Ntchito yaikulu ya kalembedwe la sayansi ndifotokozera momveka bwino komanso molondola za chidziwitso kwa wowerenga. Ndipo izi zimapindula bwino popanda kukopa njira zamalingaliro. Pambuyo pa zonse, sayansi imatembenuka, choyamba, ku malingaliro a munthu, osati kumverera kwake.

Makhalidwe apamwamba a machitidwe a sayansi :

1. Gwiritsani ntchito masayansi ndi zamakono, mawonedwe a sayansi (zokambirana, zokambirana ndi zina).

2. Ntchito ya kalembedwe ndi kuyankhulana kwakukulu kwa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi chinthucho, kufotokozera chifukwa cha zochitikazo.

3. Makhalidwe a zojambulajambula. Mawuwo nthawi zambiri amachitika:

- mwachidziwitso, zowoneka (mmbulu umafotokozedwa mwachidule monga mtundu),

- anatsindika zomveka (kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro za semantic ndi zogwirizana),

- cholinga (kutanthauzira, kutchula, kusanthula malingaliro osiyana),

- Umboni (kutsutsana, kukhutira ndi chidziwitso chenicheni).

4. Zipangizo zamaphunziro :

- Bukhu la mawu komanso kulowerera ndale likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tanthauzo lomveka bwino: anthu, chikhalidwe; Kutsutsana, magnet ndi zina zotero.

- Sayansi (pakati pawo pali mawu ambiri apadziko lonse): choyamba, equation, magetsi, chithunzi.

- Kugwiritsa ntchito mgwirizanowu: chifukwa chakuti, chifukwa chakuti, pamene ena ali.

-kugwiritsa ntchito ziganizo za munthu woyamba muchulukwi ndi chilankhulo chathu (wolemba wa ife): yerekezerani, pezani yankho.

- Verebu ngati mawonekedwe a munthu wachitatu, omwe amatanthauza chinthu chosatha (chosasinthika): ma penguins amakhala ku South Pole.

- Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mfundo zowonjezera.

- Nthendayi imayesedwa ndi dzina kapena chiganizo.

Mwamwayi, mawu osaloŵerera amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mawu omveka bwino, amphumphu amasonyeza machitidwe a sayansi. Zitsanzo za kalembedwezi zingapezeke m'mabuku, mabuku ofotokoza, ntchito za sayansi, zolemba ndi zina:

Mfundoyi ndi ndondomeko yomwe ikufotokozera mwachidule mfundo zazikulu za nkhani, lipoti, nkhani ya sayansi ndi zina. Zophatikizapozi ziyenera kuphatikizapo zokhazokha za uthenga wa sayansi, zomwe zinalembedwa ngati chigamulo chotsimikizirika kapena ngati kulembedwa kwa zochitika. Zosintha zikhoza kulembedwa kuchokera kuzinena kapena zopangidwa mosiyana, ndizotheka kuphatikiza ziganizo ndi ziweruzo zosinthidwa. Mfundo zenizeni sizinaphatikizidwe muzolembazo. Makhalidwe apamwamba a chiphunzitsochi ndikutulitsa kwake kwapadera ndi kukwanitsa kwa kuzindikira.