Ndi kutalika kwa ISS chiyani? Kanjira wa ISS padziko Lapansi

The International Space Station unayambitsidwa mu mlengalenga mu 1998. Pa nthawi, pafupifupi zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri masiku, usana ndi usiku maganizo abwino ntchito kuthetsa masamu ovuta kwambiri ziro yokoka.

m'mlengalenga

Aliyense, kamodzi atakawona malo wapadera, anafunsa funso zomveka: Kodi kutalika kwa kanjira wa bungwe la International Space Station? Ndi mawu amodzi okha kuyankha n'zosatheka. Kutalika kwa kanjira wa bungwe la International Space Station ISS kumatengera zifukwa zambiri. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

ISS kanjira padziko lapansi yafupika chifukwa kukhudzana ndi chikhalidwe rarefied. Voterani amachepetsa, motero, ndipo amachepetsa kutalika. Kodi kumbuyo liwiro? Kutalika kwa kanjira ISS siyana mothandizidwa ndi injini za sitima zimene amamangirira izo.

ro zosiyanasiyana

Pakuti lonse akuti danga ntchito ena mfundo zofunika zalembedwa. Back mu February 2011 kutalika kwa ISS kanjira anali 353 Km. kuwerengetsera onse ali poyerekezera pa nyanja. Kutalika kwa ISS kanjira mu June chaka chomwecho kuchuluka kwa makilomita mazana atatu ndi makumi asanu. Koma izi sizinali malire. masabata awiri monga mwa antchito NASA mokondwera anayankha atolankhani pa funso "Kodi msinkhu wa ISS kanjira pa nthawiyo?" - makilomita mazana atatu makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu zisanu!

Ndipo ichi si malire

Kutalika kwa ISS adakali kukana osakwanira kwa mikangano achilengedwe. Akatswiri anapita kusuntha udindo ndi yowopsa kwambiri. Kutalika kwa ISS anayenera ziwonjezeke kwa makilomita mazana anai. Koma mwambo umenewu chinachitika. Koma vuto linali loti kuti zombo yekha anaukitsa ISS. Mpita kutalika wakhala okha kwa shuttles lapansi. Only ndi malire nthawi inathetsedwa chifukwa adalira ndi ISS. Mpita kutalika kuposa makilomita 400 pamwamba pa nyanja ku 2014. The pazipita pafupifupi mtengo chinalembedwa mu July ndi chinali 417 Km. Cacikulu kutalika kusintha akutsatiridwa mosalekeza kwa kukonza njira yachidule mulingo woyenera.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Ngakhale kumbuyo mu 1984 boma la US ali anakonza dongosolo kufunika kuyamba ku malo pafupi ntchito zikuluzikulu kafukufuku. Ndekha kuchita ngati nyumba zikuluzikulu, ngakhale Achimereka anali kovuta ndi chitukuko cha Canada ndi Japan unali olumikizidwa.

Mu 1992, Russia anaphatikizidwa mu msonkhano. Mu nineties oyambirira ife anali kukonza ntchito zikuluzikulu "Mir-2" mu Moscow. Koma mavuto azachuma Wosati anazindikira mapulani odzitukumula. Pang'onopang'ono chiwerengero cha mayiko nawo wakula khumi ndi zinayi.

kuchedwa malamulo atenga zaka zoposa zitatu. Only mu 1995 Analeredwa ndi siteshoni, sewero, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi - kasinthidwe.

Makumi awiri November 1998 ndi tsiku kwambiri m'mbiri ya cosmonautics dziko - unit woyamba wakhala bwinobwino kwa kumayenda pamtunda woyenera pozungulira lathuli.

msonkhano

ISS ndi luso mu kuphweka ake ndi magwiridwe. siteshoni imakhala midadada palokha amene cholukanalukana monga constructor chachikulu. N'zosatheka kuwerengera ndalama yeniyeni ndi chinthu. Lililonse limakhala latsopano amapangidwa m'dziko lina ndipo, ndithudi, zimasiyana mu mtengo. M'madera onse awa akhoza Ufumuyo kuchuluka chachikulu, chotero kuti siteshoni akhoza zonse zatsopano.

n'loonadi

Chifukwa chakuti mayunitsi siteshoni ndipo amanena akhoza anasintha ndipo akweza nthawi zambiri malinga ISS akhoza mafunde Earth kanjira.

Woyamba Alamu belu Belo mu 2011, pamene, chifukwa mtengo wake mkulu wakhala sanamvere pulogalamu "Space Olumikiza".

Koma kanthu zinasokonekera. Akatundu bwino kwa danga ngalawa zina. Mu 2012, ISS bwinobwino atazikocheza ngakhale yoyenda payekha zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndiyeno, chinthu ofanana zinachitika mobwerezabwereza.

Zingasokoneze malo zitha kukhala ndale. Nthawi akuluakulu a m'mayiko osiyanasiyana akufuna kusiya kuchirikiza ISS. mapulani Choyamba podderzhniya anali utoto pamaso 2015, ndiye kuti 2020-TH. Pakali pano, pafupifupi pali mgwirizano kuthandiza siteshoni mpaka 2027.

Ndipo pamene andale kuketesana okha-okha, pa ISS mu 2016, anapanga zana masauzande kanjira kuzungulira dziko, womwe poyamba unkatchedwa "Ufulu".

magetsi

Atakhala mu mdima, ndithudi, chidwi, koma nthawi zina zosasangalatsa. ISS miniti iliyonse ya kulemera golidi, kotero akatswiri anadabwa kufunika amphamvu adalira vuto zamagetsi.

Iwo adapempha nambala ya malingaliro osiyana, ndipo kenako anavomera kuti bwino mapanelo dzuwa mu mlengalenga palibe.

Pamene ntchito Russian ndi American mbali anapita njira awo osiyana. Choncho, m'badwo woyamba wa magetsi dziko amapangidwa kwa dongosolo kuti 28 volts. The mavuto unit American - 124 V.

Tsiku la ISS amachita zambiri ankasinthana padziko Lapansi. Mmodzi kasinthasintha - za theka la ola, makumi asanu amene ali mu mthunzi. Kumene, pa nthawi iyi ya m'badwo mapanelo dzuwa sizingatheke. siteshoni chakudya mabatire faifi tambala-wa hydrogen. Mawu a ntchito chipangizo kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri. Mugawo Iwo anasintha kumbuyo mu 2009, kotero kuti posachedwapa nthawi yaitali m'malo idzachitike ndi akatswiri.

chipangizo

Monga kale olembedwa, ISS ndi constructor yaikulu amene Mbali mosavuta chokhudzana ndi mzake.

Monga wa March 2017 siteshoni ali mamembala khumi ndi zinayi. Russia wapereka mayunitsi asanu amatchedwa "Dawn", "kufufuza", "Star", "Dawn" ndi "Doko". America anapereka magawo awo seveni mayina, "Mgwirizano", "Tsogolo", "bata", "Network", "Leonardo", "Dome" ndi "Mogwirizana." European Union kumayiko Japan simunamalizebe ake chipika ngongole imodzi, "Columbus" ndi "Kibo".

Mbali zonse kusintha, malingana ndi ntchito anatumizidwa ogwira ntchito. Pa njira ochepa midadada kwambiri, zomwe kwambiri kulimbikitsa maluso kafukufuku wa oyendetsa. Chidwi kwambiri, ndithudi, zasayansi zigawo. Ena mwa iwo ndi chisindikizo wathunthu. Choncho, iwo akhoza kufufuza zonse, mpaka anthu mlendo, popanda kusatetezeka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito.

mayunitsi ena amapangidwa kuti kupanga chilengedwe koyenera kuti ntchito adalinso. Enanso kulola kupeza yoletsedwa ku malo ndiponso kufufuza, kuwunika kapena kukonza.

Part wa midadada alibe kunyamula katundu ndi kafukufuku ntchito ngati yosungirako.

maphunziro kupitirirabe

Ambiri maphunziro - Ndipotu chinachake chimene mu nineties lakutali andale anaganiza kutumiza ku malo mlengi, amene mtengo lero zokwana madola oposa mazana awiri biliyoni. Ndalama mugule m'mayiko oposa khumi ndi mphatso yaing'ono nyanja.

Choncho, ISS lili ndi zinthu zoterezi, palibe aliyense amene lapadziko zasayansi. The choyamba - pamaso pa zingalowe m'malo wopandamalire. The chachiwiri - kusapezeka pafupifupi yokoka. Chachitatu - zoopsa kwambiri dziko dzuwa, si asokoneza ndi refraction mu m'mlengalenga.

Akatswiri sizimadya mkate, koma kupereka chinachake poizuchat! Iwo amasangalala kugwira ntchito zawo sanagaŵiridwe, ngakhale ngakhale chiopsezo imfa.

Asayansi ambiri chidwi zamoyo. M'dera lina ili monga umisiri ndi akatswiri a zachipatala.

asayansi ena nthawi zambiri kuiwala za kugona, akuyendayenda m'chilengedwe cha malo zakuthambo. Zipangizo, kwadzidzidzi sayansi - mbali chabe ya kafukufuku. Favorite ntchito mavumbulutso ambiri - kuyesa madzi zosiyanasiyana weightlessness.

Zatsopano ndi yosesa, ambiri, angathe kuchitidwa kunja chipika, mu malo lotseguka. Earth asayansi okha nsanje bwino kungokhala zatsopano pa kanema.

Aliyense mu dziko chirichonse kwa spacewalk a. Pakuti antchito a mbewu pafupifupi ntchito ndandanda.

anapezazo

Ngakhale kukuwa anakwiya wa okayikira ambiri onena za kulephera kwa polojekiti, ISS, asayansi apeza zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa kuti asiya wina kuyang'ana pa danga lonse, ndi dziko lathuli.

Tsiku lililonse, anthu awa olimba mtima kupeza mlingo waukulu wa poizoni ndi onse chifukwa cha kafukufuku amene adzapatsa anthu mwayi kuposa kale lonse. Limodzi likhoza amasirira mphamvu pa ntchito, kulimba mtima.

ISS mwachilungamo lalikulu chinthu chimene Tingaone dziko lapansili. Pali ngakhale webusaiti mungapezeko kulowa ndondomeko ya mzinda ndi dongosolo adzakuuzani ndendende nthawi kudzakhala kotheka kuyesera kuganizira siteshoni kukhala mu chaise chochezera bwino pa khonde wanu.

Kumene, siteshoni danga kwambiri ndi adani, koma mafani zambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ISS adzakhala molimba kuima mu kanjira kake kuti makilomita anayi pamwamba pa nyanja ndipo kangapo kusonyeza okayikira zachizoloŵezi, iwo anali kulakwitsa mu Zoneneratu awo ndi maulosi.