Nizhnekamsk HPP: mbiri ya nyumbayi, chochitika, zambiri

Nizhnekamsk HPP ku Tatarstan ndi wapadera ndi kampani mphamvu yekha mu dziko, olumikizidwa kwa UES la Russia. Kudzera kampani imeneyi, gawo la kumalo "Tatenergo", anthu a m'maderawa kotunga magetsi.

mwachidule

Nizhnekamsk HPP mtundu njira ili pa dera la Republic of Tatarstan pa Mtsinje Kama pafupi Yelabuga ndi Naberezhnye Chelny. Kumanga magetsi inayamba mu 1963, ndipo ntchito anayamba yekha mu 1979. Ntchito HPP ndi:

• damu konkire kwa spillway ya;
• Damu alluvial mtsinje kama;
• floodplain damu;
• zipata;
• powerhouse.

Kutalika pazipita wa floodplain ndi mtsinje damu ndi 30 mamita ndi okwana kutalika - 2.976 Km. Njanji ndipo misewu anayikidwa mwachindunji pa damu la. Pa avareji chaka chonse chifukwa amapangidwa pa 2 biliyoni kWh / h magetsi.

Pambuyo pomanga nyumba kusunga anapanga Nizhnekamsk posungira. Panopa NEC ndi 63,3 m. Kulera mlingo adzakhala kupanga mphamvu zambiri, koma lobbying kwa zaka akuluakulu m'madera oyandikana nawo.

Mbiri ya nyumba

Nizhnekamsk HPP unayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1979, pamene kudzazidwa mlingo wa posungira nditapatsidwa 62 m. Mlingo Izi ndi zochepa zovomerezeka, chifukwa umaonetsera ntchito opangira magetsi ndi ndime ya zombo kudzera tsitsi. Mosungiramo anasefukira mahekitala 78.000 ozungulira dziko, koma yomanga siteshoni opangira magetsi mphamvu poyambirira allocated mahekitala 173.000 pa dera la Republic of Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Udmurtia ndi Perm dera. Pamaso madzi anasefukira m'madera ozungulira sanatsatiridwe kuti kudula mitengo, kusamuka kwa anthu a m'deralo, zomangamanga zoyendera ndi aya. Otsiriza (16 TH mu mzere) wagawo unayambitsidwa mu 1987. Pofika mu 1990, akuluakulu a matamanda a madzi umalimbana kulera mlingo wa posungira ndi mamita 68, yomwe inayambitsa funde la zionetsero za magulu osiyanasiyana a zachilengedwe. Choncho, kulera mlingo sanali. Kwa mlingo wa 63,5 mamita NHRI anakweza yekha mu 2002 pamaziko a pangano olowa zigawo zinayi.

Mavuto a kuwuka posungira mlingo

Malinga ndi zolembedwa ntchito, mlingo ayenera kukhala mozungulira 68 m. Koma tsopano ndi wapakatikati, chimene chinapangitsa chiwerengero cha mavuto mawu a zachilengedwe ndi zachuma. Popeza Nizhnekamsk HPP umabala zochepa mphamvu, navigation zovuta, ndipo nyumba zoteteza zomangamanga anayamba kutha. Komanso, chaka chilichonse pali algal limamasula. 50% ya m'dera la posungira utaphwa (kuya sakuyesetsa 2 m), lomwe likutsutsana ndi malamulo a ukhondo. Ngati inu mungakweze mlingo kuti mamita 68, adzakhululukidwa anasefukira ambiri m'madera m'madera oyandikana nawo.

ngozi

Mu 2010, Nizhnekamsk HPP kuphulika, umene unachitika ndi utsi. Chifukwa, awiri ogwira ntchito kampani anaphedwa, 10 - anavulala. Gwero la bomba la kompresa synchronous kutenga mpweya zosoŵa za amagetsi. chifukwa anali ndi mafuta kutayikira, amene pambuyo pake modzikuza ndi wothira mpweya. Komabe, ngozi sanali bwanji ntchito kumalo a ntchito.

Yekha magetsi ku Tatarstan ndi Nizhnekamsk HPP. Naberezhnye Chelny ndi Yelabuga ali pafupi kwambiri kwa izo midzi. HPP wayamba ntchito mu 1979 koma mpaka tsopano sizinawakhudze kapangidwe mphamvu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mlingo wa posungira pa dongosolo afike 68 m, koma tsopano ali pa mlingo wa 63,5 m. Nizhnekamsk HPP olumikizidwa kwa Wonse Energy ka ku Russia komanso zofunika zachuma m'deralo.