Nsapato zazikulu-maluwa: kufotokoza kwa mbewu, zothandiza katundu, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owerengeka, maphikidwe

Aliyense wa ife amadziwa maluwa otani? Mwinamwake, kwambiri. Awa ndi maluwa, ndi chrysanthemums, ndi chamomiles, ndi peonies, ndi gladioli ndi ambiri, ambiri. Komabe, palinso anthu omwe samangoyamikira khalidwe lawo losayerekezereka, komanso amadabwa ndi mawonekedwe achilendo. Mwachitsanzo, nsapato ya Venus sichiti chomera chokongola, koma chodabwitsa kwambiri. Za iye ndi nkhaniyi.

Mtsinje waukulu, kapena wothamanga

Mitundu yoyamba ya zomera izi inapezeka kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa India, China ndi Vietnam. Maluwawo atabwera ku Ulaya, ndipo pokhapokha - ku Russia. Mungathe kukumana ndi chomera chochititsa chidwi ku Siberia ndi ku Far East. Nsapato ndi banja la orchids ndipo ndi mbewu yosatha ya herbaceous. Mtundu wa zomera uwu uli ndi zaka zopitirira 30 zikwi. Nkhani yabwino ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluŵa silingapezeke - izi ndi chifukwa chakuti mitundu ina yatsala pang'ono kuwonongedwa chifukwa cha malonda, pamene ena mwadzidzidzi amawonekeranso kuthengo. Chomera chachikulu-chodula maluwa sichabechabe dzina lake - mawonekedwe a maluwa ake ali ofanana ndi nsapato. Komanso, maluŵa ali ndi mtundu wowala, wokongola ndi fungo losangalatsa kwambiri.

Mtundu wa nsapato

Pali mitundu yambiri ya zomera, koma zazikulu zitatu zikhoza kusiyanitsidwa. Venerin nsapato ndi chomera chokhala ndi piritsi losakanizika, pafupifupi masentimita 50 mu msinkhu, masamba omwe amafanana ndi ellipse, ndi maluwa oyambirira. Iyamba mu July. Mitundu yotsatilayi ndi maluwa aakulu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinyama, chifukwa zimakhala zosiyana siyana. Maluwa ake ndi aakulu kwambiri, muyezo wawo akhoza kufika mamita masentimita awiri. Mtundu wawo umakhala wofiira kwambiri, koma nsapato zingakhalenso zoyera kapena zofiira.

Mitundu imeneyi imafalikira pang'ono kuposa mitundu yoyamba - mu May. Mitundu ina ndi chigamba cha Venerin. Maluwa ake ndi okongola - oyera kapena pinki, amadzala ndi mdima wofiirira. Izi ndi nsapato zazikuluzikulu. The Red Data Book of the Russian Federation yateteza mitundu iyi yowopsa.

Kodi ndi zifukwa zotani kuti mukule nsapato?

Popeza nsapato zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, palibe ma unifunifomu omwe amakulitsa maluwawa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti akhale pafupi kwambiri ndi zochitika za chilengedwe. Pakati pa cipherediems pali zomera zomwe zimasinthidwa kumadera osiyana siyana - awa ndi orchids omwe amamera pa mitengo, ndi zomera zomwe zimakhala bwino pamathanthwe ndi miyala, pali zina zomwe ziri ngati humus. Choncho ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ndiwotani. Nthaka yomwe nsapato ikukonzekera kuti ikhale yabzala iyenera kukhala yamchere bwino, yofiira komanso yosungunuka bwino. Maluwa amenewa amakonda malo a dzuwa ndi amdima.

Koma palinso mbali imodzi yomwe imagwirizanitsa magawo osiyanasiyana a nsapato - pafupifupi onsewa ndi osagwira chisanu.

Chisamaliro

Msuti wamkulu-maluwa samasowa chisamaliro chapadera - chomeracho sichikuwoneka kuti sichidawoneka bwino. Zonse zomwe zimafunika ndizokhazikika nthawi zonse. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti palibe chomwe chingathe kudzaza nthaka. Monga momwe simungathe kuzidwalitsira - chomera m'matendawa chidzafa ndithu. Ngati mpweya uli wochuluka kwambiri, ndibwino kuti ufewe nsapato nthawi zonse kapena kuyesa kupanga zinthu zotero zomwe zingalole kuti mukhale ndi chinyezi choyenera. Pamene nsapato ikuphulika, iyenera kudyetsedwa. Ngongole yabwino mu nkhaniyi idzakhala kulowetsedwa kwa mullein. Koma kudyetsa ndi feteleza mchere sizingatheke - zimathandiza kupanga mchere mu nthaka, yomwe iwononge maluwawo. Kotero, talingalira pang'ono phokoso lalikulu la maluwa - kufotokozera, mitundu, chisamaliro.

Ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe mukufunikira kudziwa chomera ichi?

Kodi nsapato imakula bwanji?

Venerin nsapato imafalitsa m'njira ziwiri - pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu ndi vegetatively. Ngakhale zachilendo izo zingamveke, kubwezeretsa mbewu kwa mbewu kuli kovuta. Mbewu ikhoza kukwera pansi mosatsimikizika kulengedwa zinthu, mwinamwake iwo amangobzala popanda kupereka mphukira imodzi. Ngakhalenso ngati zingatheke kumera mbewu zazikulu za nsapato, maluwa oyambirira pa iyo sangawonekere zaka 8-10 kuchokera tsiku lofesedwa. Choncho, kumera koteroko kumangogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo omwe akupanga kuswana. Olima munda amakonda kukalima duwa mwa kugawaniza rhizome, nthawi yabwino kwambiri yomweyi ndi August-Oktoba.

Momwe mungamalire bwino nsapato kuchokera muzu

Orchid (yothamanga kwambiri) imabzalidwa kuchokera muzu motere. Gawo la rhizome liyenera kukhala ndi impso zingapo. Mzuwo umayikidwa mu gawo lomasulidwa bwino kwambiri mpaka osachepera 10 centimita. Pambuyo pake, gawoli liri ndi gawo lochepa la nthaka. Ndikofunika - gawo losanjikiza pamwamba pa impso za mwana sizingakhale zoposa 2 centimita. Sungathe kuponderezedwa, tamped, kapena kugwidwa chabe, mwinamwake mphukira sizingatheke. Choncho nsapato zazikuluzikulu zidzatha m'nyengo yonse yozizira, ndipo m'chaka chidzatsegula mphukira zatsopano. Ndipo zambiri - m'nyengo yozizira, maluwa omwe anabzala ndi bwino kukhala owonjezera - akhoza kukhala wouma masamba, pamwamba kapena pamtunda wambiri (osati pang'onopang'ono, koma mwadongosolo).

Zothandiza

Tapeza kuti nsapatoyi ndi yayikulu. Kufotokozera za chomera, chisamaliro ndi kutuluka kumayesedwa. Komabe, palinso mfundo zina zochititsa chidwi zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza nsapato. Chomeracho chiri ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza, kotero infusions wa nsapato, yokonzedwa molingana ndi maphikidwe achikale, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kugona, kuopa ana, matenda a maganizo, khunyu, kupweteka mutu, kusadziletsa. Kuphika kulowetsedwa kumakhala kosavuta - mu 200 mm madzi otentha supuni ya supuni ya udzu wouma imatsanulidwa, kutetezedwa kwa maola awiri ndikudutsa mu sieve. Imwani ndi kupweteka kwa mutu, kutuluka mwa magazi, mimba, monga diuretic. Koma ndi kupsinjika maganizo ndi matenda, mukhoza kukonzekera msuzi - 10 magalamu a udzu wouma 250 mm madzi. Zonsezi zimatenthedwa pa kusamba kwa nthunzi kwa mphindi 20. Msuzi wokhala utakhazikika ndi bwino kusungidwa m'firiji.

Ana akukonzekera mchere - theka la supuni ya tiyi ya zitsamba zouma imatsanulira galasi imodzi ya madzi otentha, amaumirira maola 8, mosamala bwino. Mwanayo amaloledwa kumwa mopitirira 1/3 chikho, onetsetsani kuti musadye chakudya - pafupifupi mphindi 20. Ngati msuzi umatengedwa ndi munthu ngati mankhwala, ndiye kumwa motere. Masiku makumi awiri pa tsiku, kenaka perekani phulusa masiku khumi. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri pakulandira mankhwala ochiritsira ndikumakhala kosavomerezeka kwathunthu. Kutayika kwa pulogalamu yaikulu yotsekemera idzapita kwabwino, popanda kuvulaza konse.