Ntchito ophunzira malangizo sukulu: pulogalamu, nkhani, zochitika, mbiri. Professional lathu trainings

Kusankha zapaderazi ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zazikulu zimene ayenera kuthetsedwa ali aang'ono. zoti malangizo ntchito kuthandiza kusankha nkhani.

ziwerengero

Munthu amene amasankha zapaderazi otchedwa optantom (kuchokera ku mawu Latin optacio - "kusankha, chilakolako"). Chifukwa cha zochita zake ayenera kupanga chithunzi mokwanira bwino ndi moyenera dera akatswiri kumene iye adzanyamula m'tsogolo. Monga zotsatira za maphunziro osiyanasiyana, ana ali mwana, mwachitsanzo, amadziwika ukatswiri 20-25 yekha. Pa nkhani imeneyi, malangizo ntchito za achinyamata zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe khalidwe. Kuphunzira zolinga za kusankha wina ntchito anasonyeza kuti mbali yofunika kwambiri mu izi amadalirana. Kotero, pafupifupi 25% amakonda ntchito mchikakamizo cha wosadziletsa zina 17% amakhala ndi malangizo a akulu, 9% - mfundo atolankhani. Posankha wina% 9 chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyana moperewera (mwachitsanzo, mtunda yaing'ono ku nyumba ya yunivesite). % 40 kuwatenga ophunzira timalembera anthu zili ntchito ya m'tsogolo.

Kufunika kwa vuto

Posankha ntchito, munthu ali aang'ono nthawi zambiri choyamba kuganizira za iwo eni, mwathu. Komabe, ndi mfundo imeneyi musatenge yoyenera makhalidwe zofuna za wina dera ntchito. Kwenikweni, si angathe aluntha, zinthu zokhudza thupi ndi zina zotero. Pakuti ana ambiri, vuto limene muyenera kupanga kusankha zimenezi, amakhala ovuta. Ichi ndi chifukwa makamaka chakuti, pa dzanja limodzi, mtsikana akadali zovuta kutenga udindo pa zochita zawo. Komano, iyeyo sakudziwa momwe angachitire izo molondola, kupanga zapaderazi kwathunthu lifanane ndi zolinga ndi zofuna.

Polankhula

Kusankha zolondola n'kofunika kuphunzira ambiri, otchuka zapaderazi. Komanso, inu muyenera kuti ayanjane ndi zofunika zimene zimakhudzana ofuna. M'pofunikanso kufufuza makamaka zawo kulunjika maganizo, makhalidwe ndi mtima ndi mantha dongosolo. anapezazo ayenera poyerekeza ndi zofunikira m'munda makamaka ntchito. Tikumbukenso kuti ntchito kale chidzachitika pa chitsogozo ntchito, mmene izo popitirira.

Kodi zapaderazi?

M'pofunika kampani okha (chifukwa gulu la ntchito), kuchuluka kwa ntchito mphamvu zauzimu ndi zakuthupi za munthu. Iwo amapereka mwayi wolandira ndalama za kukhalapo ndi chitukuko. Ntchito akuimira gulu la minda zokhudzana. Mwachitsanzo, pali borer turners, turners ngolo ndi zina zotero. Izi zapaderazi amaphatikizidwa mu gulu lotchedwa "kupanga ntchito."

Gawo

Masiku ano, pali ukatswiri ambiri. Kuti ntchito malangizo kwa ophunzira wakhala zothandiza ana, muyenera kumvetsetsa chimatanthauza madera zotheka kanthu m'tsogolo. Gulu ikuchitika malinga ndi muyezo osiyana. Mwachitsanzo, akhoza inang'ambika chifukwa mafakitale luso msinkhu, amafuna maganizo, etc. Mukhoza kudziwa malangizo chidwi kudutsa mayeso kwa ntchito malangizo. Panopa, ife anayamba zosiyanasiyana checklists. Mayeso kwa ntchito malangizo kuthandiza kudziwa luso la munthu dera, kutsogoza m'munda makamaka ntchito. zachilendo ndi kulekana kwa mitundu ya ankachita anthu:

1. Nature.
2. Technology.
3. Man.
4. Luso zithunzi.
5. Zizindikiro.

Mu mbali zomwe agulu lotsogolera pali yeniyeni zapaderazi, kumene mwana akhoza kusankha abwino kwambiri.

Man ndi Nature

Ngati ntchito malangizo mbiri anasonyeza kudzipereka mwana m'dera ntchito imeneyi, zikuoneka iye ali wopambana mu nkhani monga zamoyo, thunthu, zinyama, zomera, Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa. Nkhani ina gulu lina lapadera "munthu m'chilengedwe" imatengedwa kuti ndi sanali muyezo, loopsali ndi kukhala Kuvuta ena. kusinthika awo ndi kumvera malamulo a mkati mwa chilengedwe. Pa nkhani imeneyi, ntchito lathu katswiri mu nkhani iyi kuyenera kuphatikizapo chizindikiritso ntchito za GGI, ufulu kuthetsa ntchito yeniyeni. A katswiri mu munda ayenera osati kudziwa zambiri, komanso angathe kuoneratu anthu kapena zinthu zina. Pano, mwa zinthu zina zofunika luso kulenga, Kuyankha khama. The katswiri tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ambiri mwa kusintha mu thupi kukhala sizingasinthe.

Kulunjika pa ntchito

malangizo ntchito ya ophunzira pamlingo winawake kuwakonzekeretsa kaamba zotheka mavuto limodzi kapena dera lina. Mwachitsanzo, akulankhula za mtundu wapadera wa "munthu chilengedwe", ziyenera kuti ambiri a iwo ali oyanjana ndi njira ya. Mwachitsanzo, zomera obereketsa, agronomists ntchito zosiyanasiyana zida. zida chipangizo alipo ndipo ntchito ya microbiologists. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi ukatswiri wa ziweto. Iwo tsopano kunadetsa ikumasuliridwa maziko mafakitale. Monga mbali ya gulu, iwonso ali nawo kukhazikitsidwa kwa ubale lotha. Komanso, nthawi zambiri wofufuza ndi ndondomeko ya mlandu, santhulani zotsatira chuma ntchito yake. Ena ukatswiri amafuna luso luso. Mwachitsanzo, ndi mmene chifukwa pantchito monga florists, landscapers.

Chofunikanso

Kodi ntchito malangizo oyamba, ana ndi kuona zinthu osati zabwino komanso zoipa ntchito inayake. Nkofunikira kuti iwo kumvetsa ndi kuyamikira munthu, ubale wawo weniweni zochitika zina za mtsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa pantchito monga "munthu m'chilengedwe" n'kofunika delimit chikondi mwachizolowezi chilengedwe ku kudzikonza kuti chinthu chofunika muyenera kuthetsa vuto, kusintha boma la dongosolo. Posankha ntchito, muyenera kudziwa kuti chikhalidwe katswiri - uwu si malo a mpumulo. Iwo amachita ngati msonkhano, kumene iye adzakhala kupereka nthawi ndi mphamvu zawo.

malangizo luso

Pali ntchito akatswiri kugwirizana ndi njira za makina, mphamvu kosiyanasiyana. umenewu ndi kwaana, wopambana mu sayansi, masamu, zojambula, Chemistry. Luso malangizo tiziiona monzama, osati kuchepetsa kuti ndi "zopangitsa". Specialties likhoza kulumikizidwa ndi zinthu sanali zachitsulo. Mwachitsanzo, kungakhale chakudya zopangira, nsalu, pulasitiki, theka-yomalizidwa mankhwala. The peculiarity wa zinthu za ntchito ndi kuti iwo akhoza molondola anayeza, yodziwika m'njira zambiri. Choncho, pamene kusuntha, processing, kusintha kwa katswiri azitenga ena kanthu.

Features ndi dera luso

mnyamata ntchito malangizo ayenera amasonyeza kuti n'zotheka munthu kapena munda wina wa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, malangizo luso - ndi munda waukulu anatulukira ndi luso. Choncho, mungachite m'dera limeneli ndi kukhalapo kwa samatha kuti kayeseleledwe, ndi luso kusagwirizana ndi kulumikiza zinthu ndi zinthu zawo. Pankhaniyi, inu simungakhoze basi reinvent zida ndi zinthu zina za ntchito, komanso zipangizo zamakono, njira ya opaleshoni. chikhalidwe china chofunika bwino m'dera limeneli ndi kupezeka kwa chilango mkulu.

Kuchuluka kwa "anthu munthu"

Zapaderazi m'dera lino okhudzana ndi maphunziro, maphunziro, utsogoleri utumiki. Zinthu zimenezi amakonda kusankha ana amene ali bwino maphunziro monga mabuku, mbiri, sayansi chikhalidwe, ndi zina zotero. The mbali yaikulu ya gawo ili ndi tanthauzo lalikulu la ntchito ndi zimene zimachitika pakati pa anthu. Chinthu china chofunika ndicho maphunziro wapawiri chofunika ndi katswiri:

1. Ayenera kukhazikitsa ubale ndi anthu, kumvetsa kuwerenga maganizo awo, kuwamvetsa.
2. Muyenera kuphunzitsidwa zosiyanasiyana za luso, zipangizo zamakono, mafakitale, sayansi ndi zina zotero.

Category wapadera "munthu ndi kachitidwe chizindikiro"

ntchito imeneyi akugwirizana ndi processing deta kuperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a mitunduyi, manambala, malemba. mbali yofunika ya Masiku ano amaonedwa kukhala zosiyanasiyana machitidwe chizindikiro. Lero ndi tsiku mwakhama ntchito zojambula zosiyanasiyana, mapu, matchati, matebulo, zowongolera chizindikiro, mitunduyi, ndi zina zotero. Odziwa zinakhalira m'munda wa kachitidwe chizindikiro, pamafunika luso komanso maganizo. Mu ndondomekoyi, m'pofunika kuchita ulamuliro, kuwerengera processing zambiri. Odziwa zambiri amafuna kukhala makina atsopano zizindikiro.

Man ndi fano luso

ntchito anthu onse a m'dera lino conventionally m'magulu angapo. yosayambitsa ndi mitundu mbiri PEZANI wa mavoti luso la zochitika zenizeni. Choncho, kuonetsetsa kudzinenera zokhudza:

1. Zooneka zaluso.
2. Literature.
3. Music.
4. Kuchitanso ndi ntchito siteji.

Izi mulibe omveka bwino ali mogwirizana ina. Monga mmodzi wa maonekedwe a ukatswiri wa gawo lino amachita kuti ambiri mwa ntchito za antchito Chobisika kwa akunja. Nthawi zambiri, ngakhale chidwi chapadera kulenga zotsatira za omasuka, chomasuka ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, wosewera ntchito pa siteji akhoza kutenga mphindi zingapo. Koma kuti zinachitikadi, ndi tsiku kwa maola angapo kukulitsa luso lake, kuyeserera, mu mode litsatidwe.

ntchito pulogalamu uphungu kwa ophunzira akusekondale - ndichiyani?

Monga zinanenedwa pamwamba, lero pali malangizo ambiri ndi zipangizo maphunziro ana ndi akulu omwe. Panthaŵi imeneyi phunziro lawo sikuti kubweretsa zotsatira ankafuna. Ana ambiri osati anapanga lingaliro bwino za ukatswiri ndi malo zotheka, koma M'malo mwake, kusankha vuto kokha aziwonjezereka. N'chifukwa chake sukulu unachitikira Ntchito Tsiku. ntchito owonjezera curricular ana kufotokoza limatchula ubale ntchito imeneyi kapena danga lero si mokwanira otukuka. malangizo ntchito kwa ana ndi chida champhamvu komanso zothandiza kuthetsa bvuto kwa iwo. cholinga chake ndi kuthandiza mu mapangidwe ana wolingalira kufunika kudziletsa chitukuko ndi kuzindikira kuthekera kwawo ku dera ntchito. Mokomera chilengedwe cha zinthu zofunikira pa ntchito palokha mwana aliyense monga mmodzi wa ntchito kwambiri. malangizo ntchito kwa ana amalola ana kuzindikira makhalidwe awo, zizolowezi, kutengera za ntchito iliyonse.

zofunikira

malangizo ntchito ku 9 kalasi akusonyeza mawu oyamba phased ku madera osiyana a ntchito. Mu mawonekedwe a chidziwitso ongolankhula, masewera, kokoka kulenga akufotokozera kudziletsa kuzindikira ana. Pa mogwirizana ndi aphunzitsi ndi anthu ena ogwira ntchito anapanga mfundo zisathe dongosolo. Ana anayamba chitsanzo tsogolo lawo. Awa ndi ntchito yaikulu anachita ndi lathu akatswiri. 11 kalasi - nthawi pamene ana anga ali pafupi kwambiri ndi nkhani za kusankha. Pa nthawiyi, ambiri a iwo kale lingaliro bwino za tsogolo langa, kupanga "angwiro m'chifanizo" katswiri.

Malonje

Mu siteji yoyamba, pokonzekera kufalitsa a zinthu zokhudza dera ntchito. Pamafunikanso mapazi a n'kupanga ntchito akatswiri njira posankha zapaderazi. Ana tikuuzidwa kuti malingaliro kiyi matanthauzo, nkhani za dera ntchito m'tsogolo.

siteji chachikulu

Mitu ntchito malangizo sangathe kuchepetsedwa kukayankha malongosoledwe a munthu kapena ukatswiri ena. ndondomeko umaphatikiza:

1. Development mfundo ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi dziko la ntchito.
2. Kutsegula wodzilamulira kusintha ndi kudzikonda anapeza.
3. Mapangidwe luso kudziwa kiyi khalidwe lina kapena ntchito ina.
4. Development mfundo maphunziro apadera.

dongosolo

Ophunzira ntchito malangizo sukulu zikusonyeza kuti mapeto a chaka, ana amaphunzira luso kiyi maphunziro. Zikuphatikizapo, makamaka akuphatikizapo kutha kudziwa wekha, makamaka maganizo ndi volitional, khalidwe, khalidwe. Ophunzira amapanga ndale kudziletsa polojekiti, chitukuko adzakhala zonse maganizo. Izi kuwalola kupanga mphamvu ya kumanga miyoyo yawo pa nzeru zawo ndi chifuniro. Mu siteji yotsatira malangizo mkulu ntchito zikuphatikizapo familiarization ndi zofunika za ntchito makamaka makhalidwe choyenereza kukhalapo amene angamuthandize kuti adziwe luso ndi kukwaniritsa zina bwino ntchito yawo osankhidwa a ntchito. Mu kukondweretsa gawo lachitatu yeniyeni, kuphunzira zambiri pa njira ndi mwayi maphunziro oyenera.

The zili ntchito owonjezera curricular

mkulu ntchito sukulu malangizo kumaphatikizapo oyamba a zamaganizo a ntchito dera. Ichi ndi chifukwa makhalidwe thupi ndi zaka ana. Mu ndondomeko ya familiarization ndi malangizo zikuluzikulu za ntchito ya ophunzira kuphunzira akamanena za ntchito ya kapena zapaderazi wina. Motero, ana amadziwa zimenezi mothandizana makalata munthu wa ntchito m'tsogolo.

normative m'munsi

Ophunzira ntchito malangizo sukulu imene imachitika pa chiwembucho, anayamba malinga ndi:

1. Malangizo pa ndondomeko ya boma kuvomerezeka ndi chitsimikizo.
2. Chilamulo Federal "Pa Education".
3. Malamulo Model pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa maphunziro owonjezera.

Kutengeramo kukhala dongosolo nkhani Malangizo a Unduna wa Maphunziro ndi malamulo a zili ndi kuphunzitsa mapulogalamu zina. maphunziro a ana.

Ndime dongosolo

Monga mbali ya pulogalamu ntchito uphungu kwa ana anadzipereka kuphunzira mfundo zotsatirazi:

1. Zosowa, zolinga, zolinga ndi mphamvu ya ntchito.
2. Kulephera ndi bwino ntchito, mphambu, mlingo olephera.
3. Movement ndi kanthu anthu, luso komanso nzeru.
4. Activities, zolinga chikhalidwe, makamaka ntchito.
5. Ntchito, makalasi zapaderazi, makhalidwe awo a m'maganizo.

Ana Ikufotokozanso zinthu kulankhulana chimango ntchito. Kukufotokozedwanso makhalidwe maganizo ntchito kwambiri zinthu. Pomaliza, amaganiza Polongosola mwachidule zotsatira za masewera, mwachidule zotsatira, kuwabweretsa iwo kwa ana, makolo ndi aphunzitsi.

Terms of Kuzindikira

Maphunziro malangizo ntchito ku bungwe la maphunziro ayenera allocated chipinda chimene ana anatha kulandira chidziwitso ongolankhula. Komanso, Kuthetsa malo zilandiridwenso. bungwe la maphunziro ayenera kukhala laibulale ndi kuwerenga chipinda, kumene mungapeze mabuku zonse zofunika pa mitu chidwi, komanso chipinda chochezera, chipinda kuonera mafilimu. Ana kukakhala nawo pa maziko kwawo. Monga mmene kumapeto, anthu amene akufuna m'kalasi ntchito malangizo zokwanira. Ana anzawo ndi anzake, amene amalimbikitsa ufulu kulankhulana, kudzipereka ndi mgwirizano.

Ndondomeko lakonzedwa otaya mokhazikika masitepe ndi kupeza chidziwitso kutero. mchitidwe Zimenezi zimathandiza ana kuphunzira zinthu chikhalidwe zofunika. Makamaka, amapeza luso zilandiridwenso ntchito, ntchito kafukufuku. Ana amaphunzira zinthu kulankhulana lotha mu kuntchito, limatchula maganizo a polojekiti zomwe. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, ophunzira akusekondale kukuza M'maso mwawo m'munda wa ntchito, kulandira zambiri za sukulu ya mzinda kapena chigawo.

Zedi, zambiri zidzadalira mphunzitsi. Choncho, ayenera kukhala wokonzeka kuchita ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kupereka kwa iye lolingana amafuna bwino. ntchito yake yaikulu - kuti captivate ana, chifukwa iwo akufuna kumvetsa kudzinenera mu dziko, kuzindikira kuthekera kwawo, kuwunika mu limodzi kapena zapaderazi wina. Mwadongosolo owonjezera curricular ntchito kufufuza kuchuluka kwa ntchito ku mbali zosiyanasiyana. Kudziŵa zimenezi kungatithandize ophunzira sukulu kusankha ntchito popanda vuto lililonse limene adzatha kumvetsa okha.

Pomaliza

ntchito Labor ukapatse munthu wosangalala. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kuona zinthu moyenera za mlingo wa zonena kuzindikira anthu. Kunena mwachidule, musati tizidalira kwambiri zotamanda kuposa munthu ayenera kulandira zotsatira zenizeni za ntchito zake. Nthawi zambiri, akatswiri achinyamata akanagwiritsa kuti luso lawo ndi kuzindikira luso. Izi kungakusokonezereni ntchito yawo yam'tsogolo. Choncho, munthu amene wakhazikitsa ndi chifaniziro chenicheni cha zonena za, amakankhira kuganiza kuti pikhabuluka palibe zifukwa zobisikadi mwa yekha. Munthu amayamba kufotokoza za kulephera kwa zochita za anthu ena (onse padziko analepheretsa kaduka, ntchito pang'onopang'ono ndi zina zotero.). Pofuna kupewa zinthu zoterozo mu chimango cha mapulogalamu ntchito kulangiza ana anafotokoza akunjoya ntchito zina.

Posankha zapaderazi, mwana ayenera kukhala wokonzeka osati kumangidwa kokha bwino, komanso mavuto izo akukumana nawo. Iye uyenera kukhala yoyenera luso, luso, chidziwitso, makhalidwe maganizo. Pamene maphunziro akupita ku koleji kapena mabungwe ena apadera, ziyenera kupangidwa lingaliro bwino za tsogolo lawo. Professional lathu trainings kuthandiza kompyuta kuti zochitika za moyo wake. Udindo wofunika kwambiri ndondomeko izi ndi za wamkulu. Occupation amakhudza kwambiri pa moyo wa munthu kunja mukadzayamba ntchito. amadza Zimenezi ziyenera positive.