Petunia - chisamaliro ndi kulima. Kudzala petunias mu peat piritsi. Zinsinsi za petunias kukula

Petunia ndi zomera osatha wa banja nightshade, koma mu zakutchire wa maiko CIS iwo mwakula makamaka ngati maluwa pachaka, monga salola yozizira - kuwasunga pa nthawi ino dziko sizingatheke ndi nyengo yozizira.

Home kwa zomera okongola America South, lomwe ndi chifukwa chake iwo ali thermophilic. Ku Ulaya, iwo anali pachiyambi cha m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi.

Kufotokozera petunia ngati chomera zokongoletsera

Petunias kukula mu tchire laling'ono otsika. kutalika awo ranges ku masentimita 15 mpaka 30. zomera Awa ndi zobiriwira kapena mdima wobiriwira masamba chowulungika. kutalika ranges 5 mpaka 12 maluwa masentimita ndi petunias zosiyanasiyana mitundu :. woyera, buluu, wofiira, zofiirira ndi pinki. Petunia maluwa mwachilungamo lalikulu (5-13 masentimita awiri) ndipo limaonetseratu, kulola zomera kusangalala kutchuka kwambiri pakati wamaluwa. Kwa anthu ambiri, amakonda munda maluwa - petunia. Care ndi kulima zomera sikutanthauza khama kwambiri, kulola wamaluwa kusangalala kukongola kwa maluwa m'dera lawo, osati kuthera nthawi yochuluka ndi khama kusamalira zomera. Komanso, maluwa awa akhoza kukhala wamkulu mu miphika. Anthu ambiri kugula okondedwa awo kuti maholide wokongola potted zomera ndi petunias ndi maluwa akuluakulu yowala ndithu sadzalekerera aliyense osayanjanitsika, choncho n'zotheka kukula petunias zogulitsa. Ndi bwino kuti akhale okonzeka ndi kutentha wapadera.

zosiyanasiyana petunias

Malinga ndi kukula kwa maluwa petunia anawagawa m'magulu ziwiri: lalikulu-flowered ndi.

Large- zosiyanasiyana petunias, monga dzina lake likunenera, ndi maluwa lalikulu - mpaka masentimita 13 m'mimba mwake. zomera amatchedwa hybrid petunia grandiflora. Ngati ndinu petunias zilipo kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndiye kuti zinthu zazikulu petunias izo zidzakhala bwino, chifukwa amaopa kuti mvula ndi mphepo lakuthwa.

Gulu lachiwiri - petunia multiflora hybrid, ndiko kuti, ambiri-flowered petunia. mitundu oterowo maluwa ang'onoang'ono (5-6 masentimita awiri), koma mosiyana ndi lalikulu-akhoza pachimake kangapo pa chaka. Ngati mukufuna kudzala petunias mu malo osatetezeka ku mphepo ndi mvula, inu mukufuna kuti anali ambiri-flowered Petunia. Chisamaliro ndi kulima mitundu amenewa amafuna nthawi yochepa, chifukwa sakhala Moody, kugonjetsedwa ndi nyengo siili osati kwambiri atengeke matenda monga large-.

Ndipo cascading petunias popachika-mpaka

Mu gulu osiyana mitundu akhoza kuwasiyanitsa ndi Cascading ampelnyh petunia. chachikulu kusiyana awo khalidwe imatengedwa tsinde kusintha. mitundu mbewu izi mwakula miphika wapadera kapena atapachikidwa miphika. Izi zosiyanasiyana petunias kukula mu njira yakuti awo zimayambira kuyamba kucheza zokongola. Mphika kapena planter ndi zomera akhoza adzaikidwa mu loggia, ndiye adzakhala ulemerero odabwitsa wa m'mudzimo.

Ngati zomera ndi yaitali zimayambira ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono - ndi lendewera-mpaka petunia. Kusamalira petunia muyenera mofanana kugwa lapansi. Kusiyana mitundu awiriwa zomera okha mu makulidwe a tsinde ndi chiwerengero cha mitundu.

Cascading petunia. Kulima ndi Care

The njira yofala kulima petunias ndi kumera wa mbewu zake.

Mbewu za mitundu yonse ya zomera izi zikhoza kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera wamaluwa, alimi, kapena kumsika, koma mukhoza kusonkhanitsa nokha, ngati inu kale maluwa awa. Chaka pambuyo maluwa pa mbewu kuoneka zipatso mabokosi, omwe lili mazana a mbewu zing'onozing'ono. Komabe, petunia mbewu si zodula kusonkhanitsa iwo pamanja.

Pakuti kulima petunias kukhala ndi nthaka wapadera. Mu zapaderazi masitolo anagulitsa pansi, cholinga mwachindunji petunias. Mukhozanso kukonzekera pansi kwa maluwa yekha. Kuti muchite izi muyenera mchenga, manyowa, zimene kuwaika pansi ndi peat. Iwo ayenera mulingo ofanana.

Pamene nthaka yabwino kwa maluwa kale okonzeka, inu mukhoza kuyamba kufesa mbewu za petunias. Nthawi yabwino kufesa ndi February ndi March.

Kuyamba ndi kuyamba, ndi kuyala wosanjikiza woonda dongo kukodzedwa pansi pa chotengera cha kubzala. Kenako kugwa nthaka tulo, kutsanulira pamwamba pa mbewu ndi kuphimba ndi wosanjikiza ka nthaka - 1-3 kokha mm. Mphamvu ayenera kuphimba ndi zojambulazo kapena galasi kuti mbewu sanali ozizira. Akupanga chidebe mbewu anabzala zofunika mu chipinda ndi mpweya yozungulira kutentha (+ 20-25 ° C). Woyamba masabata awiri pambuyo chodzala mbewu ayenera kuchita ndondomeko tsiku ndi tsiku kuthirira awo ku sprinkler, ndiye ayenera madzi zochepa zambiri kale. Zowathandiza wa permanganate potaziyamu mu madzi - imapititsa mofulumira kumera. Komanso, kukula kwambiri mofulumira akhoza manyowa nthaka ndi mbewu ntchito feteleza.

Pamene zomera anali masamba woyamba, ndi kale zotheka kuti ndikasendeza. Kwa zobiriwira chitsamba kugwa petunia muyenera kudzala mphukira ochepa mu mphika kapena planter.

Monga mukuonera, ngati inu mukudziwa ena zinsinsi za kukula petunias maluwa okongola, sipatenga kwambiri. Ndipo iwo yaitali kusangalatsa diso ndi kukongola.

Kukula petunias mapiritsi

Mapiritsi, petunias kukula mofulumira kuposa pansi yachibadwa. Phale amapereka mbewu ndi zakudya zofunikira kwa iye. Ndipo ngakhale chodzala petunias zinalengedwa mapiritsi peat, iwo sadzasowa manyowa nthawi yoyamba pambuyo Thirani mu nthaka poyera kapena mphika. Ubwino wina ndi kuti nyongolosi yabzalidwa mu nthaka kapena mphika pamodzi ndi phale, amene yopuma patsogolo mu dziko palokha. Choncho, kuwononga dongosolo mwana muzu kwa kumuika zosatheka.

Koma chodzala petunias mu peat piritsi amafuna mbewu wapadera pelleted, amene ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa masiku. Kudzala petunias pa piritsi lophweka. Simufunikanso luso lapadera ndi zinthu zambiri mu horticulture.

Sayansi ya kulima petunias ntchito peat pellets lotsatira. Chinthu choyamba chimene muyenera zilowerere mu madzi ofunda mankhwala, izi kungafune zosaposa mphindi 4. Pamene piritsi kuonjezera pafupifupi 3 zina muyenera kuika pa thireyi. Ndiye mopepuka moisten mbewu granulated ndi kubzala iwo mwaukhondo pa piritsi. Pambuyo kuoneka pafupifupi atatu masamba a mbewu zofunika kutulutsa decimation. Kuthirira ayenera nthawi zonse akuwombera, koma amafuna kuyesetsa kuchita mosamala kuti kuwononga iwo.

Pamene zomera achinyamata kale athanzi masamba awiri kapena atatu, muyenera kuika pamodzi ndi phale mu chidebe ka nthaka. Choncho mudzaona danga moyo wa zomera, izo si Tingakhale, choncho ingathandize kukhala.

Ndicho zinsinsi zonse za kukula petunias mapiritsi.

Timakula petunias m'munda

Kuti kukula mbewu pansi lotseguka, kodi kufesa mbewu za petunias chimodzimodzi monga kwa kukula kugwa petunia mu mphika. Only mu nkhani iyi, m'malo Thirani zikumera angapo mu mphika ayenera kuchita kubzala zawo pansi.

Kulima m'munda yabwino kwambiri chifukwa ambiri-flowered petunia. kubzala unalembedwa zomera - mapeto a May-chiyambi cha June. Komabe, ndi bwino kuika mbewu mu nthaka monga mu May. Mukhozanso kufesa mbewu mwachindunji mu nthaka lotseguka. Ndi bwino kuchita zoyambirira za March. Koma bwino, ndithudi, nyemba zimere kunyumba mu chitini kakang'ono - kotero inu mukhoza kuwonjezera kuchuluka kumera.

Flowerbed ndi petunias ndithudi adzakhala azikongoletsa malo anu, koma mokoma chake kukula petunias m'munda.

Choyamba, tiyenera kusankha malo abwino kwa zomera. Monga ku Ulaya, maluwa ku mayiko ndi nyengo subtropical, izo salola mavuto nyengo. Posankha malo kwa petunia ayenera kumatsatira mfundo imene otetezedwa bwino mphepo.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Chinthu china chimene zosasangalatsa kukula petunias ndi matenda amene amakhudza maluwa, ngati iwo kukula m'munda. The zambiri pa matenda petunias chifukwa cha bowa. Pankhaniyi m'pofunika kuchitira zomera ndi nthumwi yapadera antifungal.

The matenda ambiri amene amakhudza petunias ndi zoipa. Chifukwa cha matenda zimayambira kukhala kubowola chitsamba mtundu, ndiye iwo kuvunda, umene kufa ndi masamba, ndi maluwa. Petunia, kubzala ndi chisamaliro chimene inu mosamala, kodi kwathunthu kufota. Kupewa bwino za matenda ndi kupatulira zomera pa mbande kukula.

Komanso pa petunia akhoza kuukira nsabwe, makamaka m'chilimwe oyambirira. Zimachitika nsabwe pa mapepala kumbuyo mbali. Izo wakudya kuyamwa masamba zimenezi zimachititsa potelani ndi adzauma. Ngati nthawi sangathe kuchotsa tizilombo awa, iwo akhoza kugunda onse kapena kwambiri ndi masamba a kuthengo, pamene petunia, amene poyamba anali wokongola ndi yapamwamba, isanduke chisoni kapena kwathunthu adzauma. Choncho bwino kuchitira zomera ndi tizilombo kuteteza zodabwitsazi zosasangalatsa. Ngati inu muli kale pa masamba a nsabwe, muyenera musazengereze kuuononga, chifukwa mofulumira kwambiri wachulukitsa. Tayani izo zotheka ndithu ntchito chikonga-sulphate kusungunuka m'madzi ndi sopo. Kuti akonze njira ya 1 g wa nkhaniyi azitenga lita imodzi ya madzi sopo.

Komanso, petunia akadataya kukongola chifukwa cha otchedwa bulauni banga. Izi ndi matenda wamba kwambiri, chimene chingathe kumenya zomera zambiri. Kuthana ndi kuyenera pomwepo, mwamsanga pamene inu mungazindikire zizindikiro choyamba, apo ayi akhoza kufalitsa mwamsanga kwa ena mabedi mbewu. Zizindikiro za matenda, monga momwe tikuonera bwino dzina lake, ndi mawanga zazikulu ngati mtundu wa dzimbiri. Iwo amaoneka padziko chapamwamba pepala, chifukwa kuti simudzalola. Chithandizo anachita ntchito yokonzekera munali mkuwa.

Chinthu china chimene adzapanga petunia kufa akhoza kukhala gulugufe ting'onoting'ono whitefly. Chimakhala chiyambi mphutsi zake pamwamba pansi masamba, ndiyeno iwo mwamsanga kudya masamba. mphutsi izi zingawononge mankhwala okhala permethrin.

Komanso, pamene kukula zomera ungakhale wokongola vuto monga blackleg. Mbali ya tsinde la ili pafupi muzu, izo zimakhala zofewa, akutembenukira wakuda ndi kuyamba kuvunda. Izi mwamsanga kumabweretsa kuyanika kwa mbewu, ngati maziko yoola sangathe kuchita chinthu ku mizu masamba ndi maluwa. Vuto limeneli limapezeka nthawi zambiri chifukwa chinyezi mkulu ndi nthaka ndi asidi wambiri. The causative wothandizila cha matenda ndi zovuta kwambiri kwa kuchotsa, kotero bala mankhwala chomera kosamugonjera. Zimafunika kukumba kuchokera mu nthaka, kuchotsa kufunika ngakhale kudziko pafupi. zomera zonse kuti anakwiriridwa pafupi ndi wodwala chitsamba, muyenera mosamala kusamalira fungicides. M'tsogolo, pofuna kupewa vuto kachiwiri, saika chinyezi amaika nthaka.

Malingaliro anu kwa nthawi yaitali zokondweretsa mwanaalirenji petunia, chisamaliro ndi kulima sipanatenge pachabe, m'pofunika kuti aziona kwambiri boma la masamba ndi zimayambira, ndiye inu mukhoza kuchotsa monga matenda alionse ndipo musataye kulalikira kwa maluwa ena onse.

The mitundu yokongola kwambiri petunias

Pamene inu kale mukudziwa mtundu wa maluwa - petunia, chisamaliro ndi kulima amene ali zina zabwino zake, mukhoza bwinobwino kupita ku sitolo yapafupi kugula mbewu. Tsopano inu kusankha mitundu ali otchuka kwambiri.

The wokongola kwambiri ndi zobiriwira Terry petunia tinganene kuti. The mitundu wotchuka wa petunias Terry ndi "Miksd awiriwa" ndi "Kondwerani", iwo amafanizira multifloral lapansi. "Awiriwa Miksd" maluwa petunia mitundu ndi awiri mtundu, ndiko kuti, kupatula mtundu waukulu mu maluwa alipo woyera mawanga. Mtundu waukulu angakhale pinki, burgundy, wofiirira, wofiira ndi ena.

Ndi kaso kuyang'ana petunia maluwa ndi bellows awiri. mitundu kwambiri ndi mitundu monga ali multifloral. Mwachitsanzo, "Mogwirizana", "maluwa", "Pirouette" ndi ena.

Komanso, pali mitundu ya petunias, pamakhala ali chokongoletsedwa ndi malire woyera. Iwo kuyang'ana chidwi kwambiri ndi limaonetseratu. mtundu wa "Serenade" chionekera mwa petunias awa kukongola wapadera.

mitundu petunias cascading

The mitundu ambiri ampelnyh petunias, amene chakula atapachikidwa miphika kapena mapoto ndi "Classic Red Hot", "Kaskadis White", "Classic Hot Pinki". Monga dzina la cultivars petunia, mitundu ndi wofiira, woyera ndi pinki mtundu motero.

Umakopa mwa petunias cascading mndandanda wa mitundu ankaona "Superbelz" ndi "mamiliyoni Belz." Iwo ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono kuposa mitundu tatchulazi. Osiyanasiyana zino sukulu ndi lalikulu zosiyanasiyana mitundu.

Mapeto. Kodi kusankha mbewu?

Pamene mukudziwa kale posamalira petunias ndipo ngakhale kudziwa zosiyanasiyana mufuna kukula mu munda wanu kapena khonde, tingathe kulongosola mmene kusankha mbewu kuti adzakwela phili ndi kunja kwa iwo anakula wokongola zomera abwino zingasangalatse inu kwa nthawi yaitali.

Popeza mbewu zambiri anagulitsa odzaza, ndiye yang'anani pa iwo ndi kudziwa khalidwe lawo zowoneka zosatheka. Ndiye pali kudalira zimene zinalembedwa pa phukusi, koma muyenera kuwerenga bwinobwino.

Poyamba, chizindikiro ayenera kuuzidwa bwino za mbewu kuti lili: dzina la zosiyanasiyana ndi nthawi ya zomera ndi maluwa kuti zokhudza Mlengi. Mulimonsemo sikutheka kugula mbewu, imene phukusi si chinaneneratu ndi Mlengi, monga iwo akhoza zabwino kwenikweni.

Komanso, tiyenera kulabadira tsiku kupanga. Mbewu, komanso mankhwala sayenera anatsirizika, kapena chabe sizingamere kapena kuchuluka kumera ndi otsika kwambiri. Ngati mbewu ankanyamula mu CD pepala, nthawi awo kukhazikitsa ndi miyezi 12. Ngati ma CD mbeu zopangidwa zojambulazo kapena polyethylene, moyo wawo alumali ndi anawonjezera chaka china, ndipo mu nkhani iyi miyezi 24. Ndizo zonse muyenera kudziwa kusankha mbewu bwino. Malamulo amenewa ntchito osati pa nkhani ya petunias, komanso mbewu zomera zina.