Ntchito zamaganizo sayansi ndi malo ake mu sayansi ndi

Pakali pano, kuwerenga maganizo ndi chimodzi mwa kukula yachangu ndi mu ankafuna muzochitika osiyanasiyana a anthu ndi sayansi. Zolinga za kuwerenga maganizo sayansi mlandu koposa nawo munda wa tiligwiritse ntchito mwa zinthu zake.

Magawo chachikulu cha chitukuko cha sayansi maganizo awa.

1. prescientific (mpaka VI. BC). zithunzi zonse za moyo yekha zochokera nthano ndi chipembedzo.

2. Research (VI m'ma BC -. XVIII m'ma AD.). Wamphamvu chikoka pa kuwerenga maganizo a nzeru anathandiza. Powafotokozera mavuto waukulu maganizo sayansi zokhudzana kuphunzira ndi kudziwa za ntchito ya moyo.

3. Assotsianistichesky (kuti XVIII wa -. N XIX zaka ..). Psychology maphunziro chikumbumtima, ozikidwa pa maganizo ndi zonena.

4. Experimental (Ser XIX -. N XX CC ..). Pakhala methodological sayansi mavuto.

5. Methodology (10-30-ntchentche. M'zaka za m'ma XX-TH.). Science lagawidwa masukulu ndi nzika: zikuoneka structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt, etc. Zoperekedwa psychoanalysis ndi njira zina projective wa sayansi ..

6. zaumunthu (1940-1960-ntchentche.). akutsindika si dziko mkati ndi umunthu.

7. Modern (wachiwiri theka XX mu.). njira Kukweza wa zamaganizo experimental kafukufuku.

Ntchito za kuwerenga maganizo sayansi akhoza chimatanthauza. Pamaso kuwerenga maganizo ano ndi ofunika kwambiri mavuto ongolankhula ndi othandiza. Chidule - kuphunzira psyche ndi malamulo a ntchito maganizo chitukuko.

Psychology amaphunzira ambirimbiri malo ndi zochitika. Zimenezi, boma ndi katundu aliyense wa anthu amene ali osiyana a kwambiri. Ambiri a iwo kale kuphunzira, ndipo ambiri kuti chinkhoswe mu sayansi wa zamaganizo lero. Bukuli lakonzedwa kuti zizifanana ndi cigawo chidziwitso anasonkhanitsa, ndi kuona iwo. Cholinga cha sayansi ndi kupeza akamanena za chododometsa akuphunziridwa. ntchito za kuwerenga maganizo sayansi amafuna kuti tidziwe asapita cholinga cha katundu zachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, akuphunzira ubale wa makhalidwe chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe ndi determinants mu chitukuko. vuto Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zovuta kwambiri.

Kumayambiriro a chitukuko, kuwerenga maganizo kalekale mwambo mwangwiro ongolankhula. Lero, ntchito yake - kufika kwa moyo ndi kuthetsa mavuto enieni anakumana ndi munthu ndi kwa anthu onse. Izo ziyenera kukhala sayansi zothandiza kuti ntchito m'munda wa makampani, maphunziro, boma, chikhalidwe, masewera, mankhwala, etc. Psychology ayenera cholinga kuthetsa mavuto apadera m'madera ambiri wofotokozedwa ndi "Chinthu anthu".

Choncho, ntchito zazikulu za kuwerenga maganizo sayansi akhoza mwachidule motere: kuphunzira kumvetsa akamanena za zochitika maganizo, kumvetsa dongosolo awo ndi kuphunzira kusamala iwo, kuti atchule kudziwa m'dera la Mavalidwewa, kulenga maziko ongolankhula kwa mchitidwe ntchito maganizo.

Psychology lero kusiyana kwambiri mofulumira, kukhudza ndi zimavuta kwambiri ndi maphunziro ena a sayansi. Pofuna kudziwa malo a zamaganizo mwa sayansi ena amaona poyerekezera ndi zovuta lonse la amalanga kuti intersect pa phunziro, zolinga komanso masomphenya.

Science yokha imatenga sayansi ena nthanthi (zachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe), udindo wapakatikati, zokhudza madera awo. Iwo integrates kafukufuku sayansi osiyana, kupereka mtundu wa chitsanzo chelovekoznaniya.

Psychology ndi umafananirako kwa sayansi zachilengedwe. Izo zimapangitsa ntchito kwambiri njira experimental mu kafukufuku wawo. Ndi sayansi njira zambiri kuwerengetsera zowerengera yapangidwa. Pa zina dzanja, kuwerenga maganizo - ndi a zaumunthu, kotheratu ndi chidziwitso chonse cha munthuyo. BG Ananiev kumatanthauza malo a zamaganizo mwa sayansi zina monga dongosolo maziko a sayansi ya anthu.

Mogwirizana ndi maphunziro ena a sayansi kumaonekera zosiyanasiyana minda maganizo, kuwerenga maganizo a umunthu (maulalo Anthropology), nthenda chitukuko cha Psychology, Psychosomatics, pathopsychology (kugwirizana ndi maganizo), neuropsychology (ulalo thunthu ndi neurobiology), psychogenetics (zogwirizana chibadwa), psycholinguistics (ulalo ndi kuti ndiyambe kulankhula), azamalamulo komanso sayansi zigawenga (paubwenzi ndi lamulo), etc.