"Nthungo" - chida cha tsogolo. Chida "nthungo"

Lingaliro la mivi odana thanki kulamulira masiku ku 1940s lapansi. Mbali A kachitidwe ngati ali pamaso pa gulu kulamulira, limene wosuta angapereke malamulo anapezerapo roketi. M'badwo woyamba wa mogwirizana chotero chinaperekedwa ndi mawaya, kuwatsogolera mwachindunji ku warhead lapansi. Chibwenzi, mfundo ya ntchito odana thanki maofesi linasinthidwa kukhala wangwiro kwambiri, zikuonekera bwino ndi zikamera pa mbadwo wachitatu dongosolo "nthungo". American zida chitukuko zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito homing mivi. wosuta chofunika chokha kuti chiyambi mu njira chiwonongeko cha chinthu.

Pangano zovuta "nthungo"

Kachitidwe cholinga ntchito ndi oyenda, linzake, ndi kuphana mayunitsi injiniya. Service odana ndi zovuta ndi munthu mmodzi, ngakhale kuchita izo ntchito asilikali 2-3. The woyendetsa, onyamula zida "nthungo", pali kuthekera kwa kupanga kuukira mayunitsi oti muli nazo zida ndi zina magalimoto oti muli nazo zida. Komanso, kofunikira kwambiri chiwonongeko angathe kuwononga kwambiri kuti maofesi ndipo anapereka otsika ukuuluka Helicopters ndi kuukira zotheka. Chifukwa chiyambi zofewa moto angathe kuchitikira mwachindunji ku hoppers ndi malo ena akachita. Terms ndi zinthu ntchito suthera woyendetsa za - makamaka nthungo antitank chida dongosolo othandiza ngakhale pa aone otsika ndi usiku. Mayendedwe zida angathe kuchitidwa pa sitima ndi msewu, parachutists, pa madzi ndi mu mlengalenga.

Dongosolo kapangidwe "nthungo"

Zovuta antitank chida mulinso lamulo choyambitsa reusable sensa ndi kudzikonda Integrated ndi yodziyimira payokha roketi amene aikidwa mu wapadera chidebe zoyendera ndi Launch ofunsira.

Transport kuyambira chipangizo - ndi mtundu wa nsanja poyambira-ndi kulanda chida "nthungo". Zida amafuna zinthu zapadera chisamaliro ndi kukonzanso, kotero kutukula muyenera kuganizira dipatimenti lonse kwa cholinga ichi. Kumanga nyumba, beseni ndi chimodzi-chidutswa chipika zopangidwa mpweya CHIKWANGWANI. Umateteza ndi mivi ya zotsatira kunja thupi ndi mankhwala ntchito zake. Zinthu otsala zovuta ili kunja zoyendera ndi Launch unit.

Zikuchokera chipangizo lamulo choyambitsa

Izi chipika lili zimagwirira zofunikira ntchito zovuta kwambiri. Pamafunikanso zinthu zotsatirazi: a nyumba, kuona (tsiku ndi masomphenya a usiku), ndi chidebe batire, ndi eyepiece, ndi zolumikizira ulamuliro mawonekedwe. Unit chili mwachindunji limagwirira zoyendera choyambitsa. Ndipotu, thupi komanso nyumba zamagetsi ndi kuwonetsera kwa.

Pakuti mayiko polimbana ndi zovuta ali ndi chogwirira ili pa zomenyanazo wa thupi. amangomvera izi zili kulamulira njira imene zayamba mwai onse "nthungo" chipika. Zida, kuwonjezera, amapereka mosiyana mphamvu. Makamaka, zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mayunitsi yosungirako mphamvu, ndipo mabatire.

Zomangamanga ku utumiki roketi

Monga tanenera kale, chida ndi kuyamba kunyamula Launch unit. Mwa zigawo zake kutumikira ndi kupereka losindikizidwa chidebe cylindrical, ndi kuzirala ndi mphamvu dongosolo, zimene zimapereka pamaso pa chigawo yosungirako ndi refrigerant chipinda. Asanalankhule kutsegula choyambitsa umabala refrigerant kuzirala mzinga kutentha akadakwanitsira. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti chida cha tsogolo - ndi roketi-Launcher "nthungo" - okonzeka ndi dongosolo kuzirala ndi magetsi, amene cholinga ntchito limodzi nthawi ndipo palibe kuposa mphindi zinayi. Pambuyo chiyambi cha unit zovuta amatayira zoyendera poyambira pamodzi ndi zipangizo kuzirala ndi mphamvu. Chida lokha akhoza kusungidwa kwa zaka 10. Lamulo lalikulu mu Buku yokonza ake - ndi zikukwaniritsa mwadongosolo kufufuza cheke.

chipangizo chida

Chida zovuta "nthungo" zikuphatikizapo chipolopolo, ogwiririra, gulu chitetezo ndi warhead. iwowa akhoza ankayimiridwa ngati kuphatikiza magawo awiri - ndi kutsogolera ndi mlandu waukulu. Izi zimabweretsa kugonjetsedwa awiri. The warhead kutsogolera lakonzedwa kuthetsa chotchinga wosanjikiza mu mawonekedwe a zida, ndi waukulu, nayenso wawononga chandamale.

Komanso, buku odana thanki chida "nthungo" ali okonzeka ndi dongosolo galimoto, kuphatikizapo poyambira ndipo amatisamalira pagalimoto. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi amene kukhazikitsidwa kwa mizinga, chopatsa mathamangitsidwe koyamba, ndipo akupitiriza kukhala ndege chachiwiri mpaka akafika chandamale. Amatisamalira galimoto ndi adamulowetsa pamene warhead atachotsedwa mtunda abwino wosuta, kuyambira kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi umuna mpweya wotentha.

modes kuwombera

Yowotcha angathe kuchitidwa mu modes awiri - mu mzere wolunjika kapena pamwamba. Pofikira zovuta lolunjika pa kuukira kuchokera kumwamba. Woterowo mode kuwombera, ndi woyendetsa amatha kugunda chandamale kwa kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zosiyanasiyana kumawonjezera azitha pomenyana chida "nthungo". The chida yabwino kwambiri pamene kugonjetsedwa kwa magalimoto oti muli nazo zida kuchokera pamwamba, koma ngati zida ili pansi denga, ndi warhead kutsegula kumachitika pa nthawi kucheza ndi chivundikiro zozitetezera. Zikatero kuti akakhale mode kuukira mwachindunji.

Izi mtundu kuwombera n'chotheka pambuyo roketi kuzirala. Kuwombera mu mzere molunjika ndi amadzisankhira njira yodutsamo lolingana wa chida cha. detonation ake amapezeka mwachindunji pa pulogalamu ziyerekezo chandamale, mpirawo osiyanasiyana si zosakwana 65 m.

Chofunika, mu opaleshoni modes adani chandamale mapulogalamu thandizo ndi zina chida kulamulira mogwirizana ndi deta izi. Mu njira zambiri, nkhani zimenezi zimathandiza kuti aitane a m'badwo wachitatu zovuta monga anzeru chida nthungo, yonena woyendetsa ntchito kosafunikira ndipo kumachepetsa mosavuta zolakwa nsonga ya.

Optics Zipangizo

An zida chifukwa kukulozani mivi okonzeka ndi multifunction pamaso chimene aone anaonetsetsa osayang'ana nthawi diurnal. Ndiko kuti, chipangizo Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuti aziona zinthu nkhondo. Tsiku Optics amapereka kuwonjezeka kanayi, ndipo amagwiritsa pamaso infuraredi usiku aone. Komanso, zovuta wolandila okonzeka ndi bokosi cheza infuraredi, amene ali efficacy ngakhale kwambiri pamene ankaona usiku ndi m'mikhalidwe yovuta.

Analogs "Javelina"

American antitank dongosolo mwina chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri gawo lake ndi chida zingamuthandize za m'tsogolo. Chida "nthungo" anali Akhristu kuyambira chitukuko cha m'badwo woyamba, koma iwo kuzilandira angapo zizindikiro. Makamaka, kachitidwe odana thanki dzanja ankaweruza nawo mu utumiki ndi French (dongosolo "Milan" ndi "Eric"), Sweden (zovuta "Bill") ndi maiko ena. Komabe, drawback wamba otsika nthungo mpikisano kuwombera osiyanasiyana.

Mu Ukraine, monga ofanana mu maonekedwe ankaona zida dongosolo "Stugna-P", chitukuko chimene linamalizidwa mu 2010. Mu achidule, zovuta ilinso choyambitsa limagwirira, amene aikidwa pa miyendo itatu, ndipo paketi roketi. Komabe, mfundo kasamalidwe sali wangwiro - akuwayankhula ndi woyendetsa ikuchitika ndi mphamvu yakutali.

Mu Russia, ndi analogue kwambiri a grenade dongosolo "nthungo" - mndandanda wa "Metis". m'badwo wake wachiwiri, ndi kusinthidwa wa "Metis-M" sathabe mokwanira amtengo mphamvu ndi kuthekera kwa NATO, koma mbadwo wachitatu ali chiyembekezo chabwino kwambiri. Mfundo imeneyi zachokera makhalidwe a m'badwo panopa zovuta lapansi. "Obwerawa" Chili sayansi ya kachitidwe dzanja motsogozedwa odana ndi thanki ndi mfundo za kuphulika thermobaric. Ndiko nkhani ya pamtengo zoweta analogue sikuti mphamvu kasamalidwe roketi, komanso mphamvu za chiwonongeko.