Makampani mafuta mu Russia

Mafuta - ndi uphungu mphamvu yaikulu. Komabe, zitsime zamafuta sali wopandamalire. Choncho, kumwa "golide wakuda" umenewu zakonzedwa kuti achepetse, wolowa kwa zina mphamvu (dzuwa, nyukiliya). Koma kuchepetsa mowa wake m'mafakitale ena sanayambebe zotheka.

Mu 1992, Russian mafuta makampani zachokera m'madera mafuta yotulutsa awiri. Western Siberia zidapatsa 70% ya zipangizo, ndi zina 20% unaperekedwa Volga-Ural dela, ndi otsala 5% analoledwa Sakhalin, Kaliningrad dera ndi kumpoto Caucasus.

Mafuta makampani Russia anayamba m'nyengo Union, komanso chuma lonse, m'goli. Mavuto oyamba anadza mu 1977, pamene voliyumu ya mafuta mu Western Siberia ali utachepa kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chochitiridwa ankaona khalidwe zinthu zimene ndi kufufuza ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mu zaka 70 za nyengo Soviet zolimba kuonjezera buku la kupanga kuboola, koma pobowola kufufuza zii. Kutha kwa mafuta inatenga pafupifupi zisanu ndi zinayi zakubadwa. Samotlor (ikuluikulu) yopanga munda anatsika ndi matani 20 miliyoni, mobwerezabwereza kucheperachepera ndi matani 10 miliyoni chaka chilichonse. Mu 1985, 16% zitsime ulesi. Quality mopupuluma mokhomerera zitsime ndi osauka. Mavuto woyamba wa makampani mafuta mu Russia wagonjetsedwa ndi "Soviet wamasiku" - kumanga mmwamba pobowola ...

Chifukwa cha mavuto lotsatira anali kulephera kwa makampani mafuta kusintha zokolola. akayanjana lililonse Soviet "dzidzidzi" miyeso: cha kuchuluka yaikulu ntchito ndi likulu. Kuyambira mu 1986, ulimi kuchepa anali kusiya, ndipo mu 1988 Russian timva mafuta makampani mbiri matani mamiliyoni 570.

Ndipo kachiwiri - ndi mavuto. 1994 - kupanga kugwa ndi 44% mu 1995 - losavuta 22 000 zitsime za 140 000. Kuwonjezeka dongosolo mafuta. vuto ili zikuchoka yotsatira, kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka mu mitengo mphamvu (ngakhale khalidwe otsika kwambiri a mankhwala). Choncho, mtengo panauka achezera katundu onse, ndipo kuchita zimenezi kuchepetsa kufunika pa msika zoweta.

Russian mafuta makampani amafuna structuring. Choyamba chinali mapulogalamu (mafakitale mayanjano), bungwe pa malangizo a boma Surgut, Nizhnevartovsk, Nefteyugansk, Urai. Aliyense mitundu yonse ya ntchito m'dera wotetezedwa zinalumikizana: kufunafuna ndi kufufuza ndi kupanga ndi kuyenga, ndi kayendedwe, ndipo ngakhale ntchito yokonza. Kapangidwe ka mapulogalamu zinaphatikizapo ndi mabungwe (kafukufuku). ayezi linathyoka - njira ngati wapereka zotsatira zabwino. Tinayamba kulenga vertically Integrated makampani mafuta zikugwira ntchito pa mfundo "kwa kufufuza kwa gasi", dongosolo lililonse monga, mwa zina, makampani pobowola ndi mabungwe malonda.

The wapadera wa Utumiki, omwe anakhala Rosneftegas poyamba, ndiyeno Utumiki wa Mphamvu, anali mayendedwe a mafuta ndi katundu wake, umene posachedwapa unasamutsidwa Transnefteprodukt ndi Transneft. Mafuta makampani mu Russia yatsegula mpweya watsopano. Panopa zikuphatikizapo pa miliyoni.

Today Russian mafuta ndi gasi makampani ndi limene limafotokoza za ndalama ndalama za boma. ndalama Basic amapereka wolowa mphamvu mu mayiko Union (CIS), komanso m'tsogolo (Austria, Germany, France, Italy, Ireland, Netherlands, Slovakia, Poland, Switzerland, UK). Tumizani ndi zotheka kubisa okha bandiwifi kachitidwe zoyendera.

Womasuka anali "kupuma" ndi msika mkati ndi mitengo wotsika zoweta. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta Russian ndi mtengo kwambiri kuposa analogues yachilendo. Chifukwa dongosolo mafuta okwanira zosowa za boma, kampani amagulitsa wina kuchuluka kwa mafuta mwa mitengo bwino lokhazikika.