Ukulu wake Mfumukazi Mayi Elizabeth: The chithunzi, yonena

Izi wokongola ndipo nthawizonse akumwetulira mkazi analowa mbiri ya mafumu British ngati Chake Ufumu wa Mfumukazi Elizabeth amayi. Kwa zaka zambiri iye anali membala yotchuka kwambiri ya banja lachifumu, kuti idzabweretsa yemweyo mbiri moyo wautali, pamaso zaka zana ndi chimodzi. Pa kumenyana mzimu anakhoza kukhala asilikali a dziko la Britain Hitler anautcha kuti mkazi zoopsa kwambiri Europe.

Ubwana ndi unyamata wa Mfumukazi tsogolo

Mfumukazi tsogolo la England, amene anenedwanso - Elizabeth Angela Margaret Bowes-Lyon anabadwa pa August 4, 1900 m'banja la Scotland achifumu Claude Bowes-Lyon. Zinali ndi chinayi la ana khumi a munthu wolemekezeka ndi wakhama m'banja lachifumu. Malo boma la Elizabeth ndi banja lawo m'linga, koma zoona mwanayo anabadwa mu ambulansi iri yofulumira kuti mayi ake Cecilia Cavendish Benting mu chipatala chigawo.

ubwana wake dona wamng'ono unachitikira, monga mokomera ake madona bwalo Nyumbayi wake Glamis ku Scotland atazungulira nannies ambiri governesses. Pamene mwana ankakula, momveka bwino atatu kuphatikana chachikulu, chimene iye anakhalabe wokhulupirika moyo wake wonse: masewera, ponies ndi agalu. Ayi, ayi, ndiye m'maganizo mwake anali lonse, ndi M'nzeru zapamwamba ndi kuvala ndime ndi akazi ambiri mwanzeru nthawi yake, koma ana amakonda kukhala naye mpaka kalekale.

Elizabeth Youth anali ndimachita yoyamba ya padziko lonse, zimene zinabweretsa chisoni ndi banja lolemera. Anayi abale ake amene anachita nawo nkhondo, mmodzi anamwalira ndi ena anatchulidwa monga kusowa. Only patapita kanthawi zinaonekeratu kuti ovulala, iye anatengedwera mkaidi, kumene mpaka mapeto a nkhondoyi. Zikuoneka ndi zaka, tsogolo Mfumukazi amayi ankadana nkhondo ndi zinapatsira ndi chisoni kuya kwa amene amateteza lawo onse. Kumva amamvekera izo pa dziko lotsatira nkhondo.

Osamva mkwatibwi

Mphatso kubadwa ake makumi awiri oyamba anali akafunsiridwa ukwati ku Prince Albert - wachiwiri mwana wa Mfumu George V. A okulirapo kuposa dona wake (iye yekha zaka twente-sikisi akhala kwambiri), kalonga kugona tulo pa achifumu Scotland, koma kuwawidwa mtima wake ( ndipo anadabwa), anakanidwa. Kenako, zochita zake Elizabeth anafotokoza basi kusafuna manyazi nokha zina za moyo wa chimango cha bwalo zodyera ndipo amafuna kuti anthu a m'banja lachifumu.

Komabe, Albert, amene mitsempha kuchucha mwazi wa mafumu British, anayamba nthawi yaitali "kuzinga" ndipo patatha chaka ndinayesanso, anatsimikizira monga zaonongeka. Powapepesa mtima mavuto mwana, kuti wina aliyense angatenge mayi ake, Koroleva Mariya, amene panokha anapita kwa Mkwatibwi wa Shrew, koma ankaona kuti ndi anzeru osati kulowerera ndi kulola amisinkhu kumvetsa maganizo awo.

Decoupling nkhani yachikondi

Only mu 1923, pambuyo ulendo wachitatu, kulimbikira mkwati anali Pomalizira anavomera. Ndipo kodi mtsikana anapulumuka alimbane ya mnyamata wokongola kalonga, amenenso akavalo woyera si ankaona. nkhani yachikondi zawo zinachitika kwa pafupifupi zaka zitatu, analandira mapeto abwino Westminster Abbey, kumene April 26, 1923 anakwatirana.

Tikumbukenso kuti mu 2002, pamene Mfumukazi Mayi atamwalira, manyuzipepala ndi zowonetsera kanema chitidwe makamaka zithunzi iye anatengedwa mu zaka zomalizira za moyo wake, ndipo mu chikumbukiro m'nthawi ngati iye anali akumwetulira dona mtundu wakale. Koma zithunzi anatengedwa pa wamng'ono, zikuoneka mnyamata wokongola mtsikana, ndipo zimaonekeratu ndithu kuti khama limene Prince Albert anafuna dzanja lake.

Pa tsiku la ukwati Elizabeth chinali chiyambi cha mwambo, nthawi zonse kusunga m'masiku athu. Pa njira Abbey, iye anaika maluwa pa manda a msirikali wosadziwika (achikumbutso ngati simuli mu Russia), ndipo ichi chosonyeza wolemekezeka kenako anakopera akwatibwi onse a m'banja lachifumu.

lacimwemwe

Kukhala mwamuna ndi mkazi, mnyamata sanamugwiritse Iye mwala wina ndi mnzake. Itakhala nkhani yosowa banja alibe utakhazikika maganizo n'kupereka moyo wake ku chizolowezi kosangalatsa. Mu zaka zoyambilira iwo anayenda kwambiri, kuyendera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana komanso aliyense payekha, ndipo pamaulendo boma. Mu 1926, dokowe anawabweretsa kwa mwana wake woyamba - achinyamata Mfumukazi Elizabeti. Mwa njira, dzina laulemu wa Mfumukazi amayi anapatsidwa kenako asasokonezeke pa kutchulidwa kwa iye, ndipo mtsikana, kunayambitsa pa nthawi mpando wachifumu English. Kenako nthawi mwakhama mbalame anaonekera mu 1930 ndi mwana wamkazi ena - Margaret Rose.

Kukwatira Prince Albert, Elizabeti analandira udindo - wake Royal adzakhala 'Wammwambamwamba ndi Duchess wa York. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti pakati HRH ndi ulemerero lagona kuphompho. Ngati mutu wachiwiri uli personages agwilitse wachifumu, choyamba amangonena za achibale awo apamtima. Kusiyana Elizabeth anathandiza osiyanasiyana choncho, koma khalidwe la wolowa mwachindunji ku mpando wachifumu, m'bale mkulu wa mwamuna wake - Prince Edward.

nkhani ina chikondi banja lachifumu

Pambuyo pa imfa ya bambo ake - King George ndi V, amene anatsatira mu 1936, mwana wamkulu Edward zinachitika pa mpandowachifumu. Koma posakhalitsa, panachitika zosayembekezereka - ndi chatsopanochi mfumu anati iye ankafuna kukwatira mkazi American, amene kawiri pamaso anapita ku chikwati ndi chilekano ngati nthawi zambiri. Popeza kuti si wa magazi achifumu, n'zotheka kukhululukira, pambuyo pa zonse, ali mliri wa nthawi yathu monga mafumu. Koma vuto linali loti matchalitchi Anglican ndi koletsedwa kukwatira mkazi wosiyidwayo, ndi English anthu sibwenzi anazindikira mfumukazi.

Pamaso pa mfumu ndi vuto: mwina Korona ndi mtumiki maulemu ake onse, kapena ukwati - ndi mphaka chomwecho mu thumba, amene adakali sindikudziwa zimene adzakumane. Koma kunapezeka kuti iye anali mu chikondi monga mosasamala ndi khama ngati mng'ono wake. Mu chaka chomwecho kwa mkwatibwi wake - mwana wamkazi wa banki American Wallis Simpson - Edward antchito, amene pansi pa dzina la King Henry VI akwata mbale wake Albert - mwamuna wa Elizabeth. Tsopano mu mutu wake mawu "adzakhala 'Wammwambamwamba" linasintha kukhala aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino "Ufumu" ndi Mfumukazi Elizabeth Amayi a England ndi mutu wake analowa zochitika za boma.

zaka prewar

Pa nthawiyi, zinthu ku Europe wayamba chaka chilichonse koposa mantha. Germany, kumene Hitler anayamba kulamulira, anapita nkhondowo mphamvu yake, ndipo zinali zoonekeratu kuti dziko latsopano nkhondo mosalephera. Mu 1938, Mfumukazi amayi ndi mwamuna wake Mfumu Henry VI anapita France.

Izo sizinali alipidwa ulemu ulendo - cholinga cha ulendo anali kukhazikitsa Anglo-French odana ndi Hitler mgwirizano. Motere mukanachita zomwezi inali kupita ku United States. Atakumana pa White House ndi Pulezidenti Roosevelt, August banjali negotiated thandizo la asilikali ku America European likhoza mokwiya German, komanso pa udindo wa Canada mu mawu a nkhondo.

Chachiwiri dziko nkhondo

Mu zaka zotsatira nkhondo posachedwapa Mfumukazi amayi ndi mwamuna wake ankapereka chitsanzo wakutemwa chosasimbika. Ngakhale mu masiku ovuta kwambiri, pamene London chinaperekedwa kwa mabomba ndi ndege German, Elizabeth sanadzisiyira likulu ndipo anakana kutumiza ana awo kunja. Iwo Tingaone mu mayunitsi asilikali, zipatala, mabungwe ang'onoang'ono chitetezo ndi kulikonse kumene anafunika thandizo abwino kwa anthu amene anali pansi moto mdani.

Mfumukazi Amayi a Great Britain ndi mwamuna wake August sanadzisiyira BUCKINGHAM Palace, ngakhale pamene ku dera mabomba ake chakumene. Only usiku anasamukira Windsor Castle, kumene izo zinali pang'ono otetezeka. Pompo, msonkho kwa kumenyana mzimu wake, phindu la asilikali a ku Britain ndi mfuti, Hitler anautcha kuti mkazi zoopsa kwambiri Europe.

Kuwawa kwa umasiye

Nkhondo Itatha anabweretsa Elizabeth mavuto ambiri. Mofulumira sakuyenda ndipo amadwaladwala mwamuna wake - King George VI. Mfumukazi Mayi ndi mwana wake anakakamizika kutenga zonse ntchito poyera. Mu 1949, iye opaleshoni, ndipo posakhalitsa ndi khansa ya m'mapapo. Iye anafa mu 1952, pochoka moyo usiku, akagona.

Pambuyo pa imfa yake, ndi amasiye Elizabeth kale kukhala mwalamulo kudziwika monga Ukulu wake wa Mfumukazi Elizabeth amayi. Imfa ya mwamuna wake iye anali kudutsa lovuta kwambiri ndipo ngakhale kwa miyezi ingapo, anachoka aliyense, iye anakakhala ku chinyumba ake Scotland. Koma posakhalitsa, timatha kusangalala ndi chikumbu mtima udindo akuyang'anira kuti achiwonetsere Pa chisoni, ndipo iye anabwerera ku London kupitiliza ndi cholinga chake.

Moyo mu ukalamba

Monga tanena kale m'nkhani ino, ndi ku mapeto a masiku wake ndipo ankakonda masewera, mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu, nawo mpikisano Kukwera Akavalo, anapambana chigonjetso mwa mitundu mazana asanu. Wina wa chizolowezi ake anasonkhanitsa zosemasema. Mndandanda wa Mfumukazi mayi zojambula aluso ambiri otchuka wa zakumbuyo ndi zam'tsogolo.

Mu zaka wotsatira, Mfumukazi Amayi a Great Britain ulendo. Popeza anali munthu modabwitsa wokongola, iye nthawi zonse amadziwa lingasinthe anthu. Makamaka, pamene, mu 1975, Elizabeth anapita Iran, ndiye anadabwa anthu a dziko lino kum'mawa kwa unsembe wake kulankhula momasuka ndi aliyense, kaya zokhudzana ndi udindo.

Dolgozhitelnitsa a nyumba yachifumu

Amadziwika kuti Mfumukazi Amayi anapita mu mbiri monga kawirikawiri ndi kuleza chiwindi. Mu 1990, pa chikondwerero bungwe mu ulemu wa kubadwa kwake ninetieth, iye akadali mokondwera kupenda ndi perete, omwe anali nawo kutetezedwa mabungwe oposa mazana atatu ake, ndipo zaka zisanu pambuyo anali mmodzi wa kanjedza waukulu zikondwelelo imasonyeza theka ya atumwi chikumbutso cha mapeto a nkhondo. centenary ake anali weniweni dziko holide, chikondwerero m'dziko lonselo. Polemekeza awo zimenezi fano Mfumukazi Mayi zinapangidwa pa ndalama chipembedzo makumi awiri mapaundi chabwino.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Mu nineties mochedwa, thanzi lake lafika poipa. Mfumukazi Amayi, chithunzi chimene zaka zomalizira za moyo chake m'nkhani, anavomereza ntchito angapo, chifukwa makamaka ndi kuvulala analandira kugwa chifukwa cha matenda chizungulire. choopsa kwambiri kwa Elizabeth imfa ya mwana wake wachiwiri - semidesyatidvuhletney Mfumukazi Margaret. Kuyambira nkhonya iye sanathe kuti achire, ndipo March 30, 2002 anamwalira.

Imfa ya Mfumukazi Amayi wasonyeza mu uthunthu wake, kufunika waukulu anali mtunduwo. Pa kutsanzikana ndi motsatizana kwa masiku atatu zapitazo m'bokosi, anasonyeza mu Palace la Westminster unachitika mu mtembowo anthu oposa mazana awiri zikwi. More za miliyoni anaima msewu kunja bwalo, nafuna potero kusonyeza kuthokoza pa moyo wake ndi ntchito yapindula Mfumukazi amayi. Pamaliro zinachitika mu Westminster Nyumbayi yopemphereramo omwe anakhala malo malo kwake mpumulo. Malinga ndi pempho kufa wa maliro Elizabeth nkhata ndi bokosi ake anali m'nkhani yopezeka pa manda a msirikali wosadziwika.

Mfumukazi Amayi a Great Britain, amene yonena ndi inseparably zinaphatikizidwa ndi mbiri ya dziko lake, salakwa anazindikira kuti imodzi mwa oimira wotchuka kwambiri wa nyumba yachifumu. Pa moyo mwa ulemu wake kuti dzina lake ndi zapamadzi nyanja, pamene anapezerapo iye mwini analipo, ndipo mu 2009 chikumbutso kwa mwamuna wake - King George VI - adakonzeka ndi fano yakeyake Filippa Dzheksona ziboliboli.