Abilmansur Ablay Khan: Wambiri ntchito ndi zochitika m'mbiri

Fuko lirilonse liri ndi atsogoleri amene ndi wonyada. Mongolia ndi Genghis Khan, kwa French - Napoleon, chifukwa Russian - Peter I. The Kazakhs anthu oterewa ndi wotchuka wolamulira ndi mkulu Abilmansur Ablay Khan. Wambiri ndi ntchito za munthu uyu wakhala mutu wa phunziro lathu.

Zimene zikuchitika ku dziko la Kazakhs

Tisanafotokoze kupita mu mbiri Ablay Khan, muyenera mwachidule pofotokoza nkhani zandale m'deralo, anthu Kazakhs, anenedwa ndi nthawi ya ntchito yogwira chithunzi chapadera.

Kuyambira pakati pa zaka zana XVII mbiri yonse ya Chikazaki Khanate anali kugwirizana ndi polimbana mokwiya Dzhungarian. Dzhungars - Mongol fuko, umene anatha kulenga boma amphamvu ndipo anafuna kulanda m'misasa lalikulu nomad ili m'dera la Kazakhstan ano. Ku nkhondo ya anthu anavutika m'badwo oposa mmodzi wa Kazakhs. Pa nthawi dzhungar ngakhale anakwanitsa pogonjetsa m'madera kum'mwera kwa dzikoli.

Nkhondo yolimbana m'derali ogwirizana boma Kazak mu 1718 chidagawika patatu - Junior, Middle ndi Senior Juz.

Apa chilengedwe lamavutoli ndale anabadwa Ablay.

Chiyambi ndi oyambirira zaka Ablay Khan

Tsopano ndi nthawi timaphunzira zambiri za amene anali Ablay Khan. yonena lake chimayamba ndi 1711. Zinali ndiye kuti anabadwa mu banja wolemekezeka wa Chikazaki Korkem Ouali-Sultan. Ablay Khan unatchedwa agogo ake - wotchuka mkulu wa Senior Juz, mpando umene unali Tashkent. Koma pobadwa iye anali ndi dzina lina - Abilmansur.

Kale pa usinkhu wa satini Ablay Khan iye bambo ake anamwalira, amene anaphedwa mu skirmish ndi Dzhungars. Kuyambira ali mwana anakakamizika kudalira okha okha. mnyamatayo ganyu kuti muwete Tole bey, amene anali woweruza wamkulu wa anthu Chikazaki. Pa msonkhano pa Ablay Khan ali ndi dzina latsopano - ". Zauve" Sabalak, kutanthauza

warlord

Chifukwa cha kuuma mkulu chiyambi ndi chikhalidwe Ablay Khan wabweza yonena mwa Kazakhs. Pamene 1734 ndi Khan wa Middle gulu anakhala Abilmambet, analandira udindo wa Sultan ndi udindo wa mtsogoleri wa asilikali.

Kumayambiriro 40 ntchentche mu Orenburg Ablay, Abilmambet ndi ena anthu lodziwika wa Middle gulu anavomera protectorate wa Russian ufumu pa mayiko awo. Choncho ankaganiza tipezekemo kuthandizidwa ndi mphamvu amphamvu polimbana Dzhungars ndi ena chapakati limati Asian.

Poyamba, nkhondo pa Dzhungars Ablay opareshoni bwinobwino kwambiri, kupindulira mndandanda wa kugonjetsa iwo. Koma kale mu 1742 Ablay Khan anakapezeka mkaidi, anagonjetsedwa ndi Jungar khamu pa Mtsinje Ishim. Komabe, ukapolo izi sikunapite pachabe. Ablay anaphunzira Jungar chikhalidwe, chinenero, miyambo, mwatcheru yodziwa wolamulira wawo Galdan Tseren ndipo anayamba ubwenzi ndi Dzhungars zambiri zapadera.

Mu 1743, ndi nawo mbali Russian, panali kuwombola Ablay kuti mkaidi wina pakampanipo.

Nthawiyi, zinthu zasintha kwambiri. Galdan Tseren anamwalira ndipo mbali yaikulu ya dziko imene asilikali Dzhungars Manchu analanda Qing Mafumu, amene analamulira China. Tsopano Kazakhs pa nthawi anagwirizana ndi adani awo akale kulimbana kumbuyo Chinese. Koma posakhalitsa mgwirizano uwu linatha, ndipo Ablay anakakamizika kuti mgwirizano ndi Qing panyumba, ndi 1756 iye ndi Middle gulu Khan kwenikweni anazindikira m'manja a China.

Mu 1756 Ablay panokha anapita likulu Chinese Beijing, komwe adalandira kwa mfumu mutu wa apamwamba Wang.

Komabe, Chikazaki mtsogoleri wa asilikali sanali kusiya Russian protectorate, komanso kulankhulana zonse ndi dziko ili kumpoto.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mutu Khan a

No zochepa chidwi ndi m'tsogolo mbiri. Abylai Khan (Ablai Khan) mu 1771, Khan analandira udindo wa Middle Juz. Izo zinachitika pambuyo pa imfa ya Abulmambet. Ngakhale kale akulowa ufumu anali wachibale kutsekera kwa akufa, anthu kudziwa Middle gulu anaganiza kuti udindo wapamwamba woyenera okha Ablay.

Mu ulamuliro wake anatha muligonjetse ambiri m'madera a zhuzes ena awiri molondola ankadzitcha Wamkulu Khan wa Kazakhs onse.

Panthawi imene Russia inali mkati kugalukira Pugacheva Ablay anatenga mfundo ndithu anzeru ndi kuchenjerera. Pa dzanja limodzi, analonjeza thandizo kupanduka ndipo ngakhale panokha adakomana naye, koma Komano, anali nkhani oimira wachifumu Russian, ndipo anawatsimikizira wokhulupirika. thandizo lenileni Pugachev Ablay, pakuti chirichonse zifukwa, sanali nawo.

Iye ankafuna kuchita nambala ya kusintha kwambiri amene anayenera kulimbikitsa ulimi mwa Kazakhs ndipo kenako, kuti awabweretse iwo chokhazikika, koma kuthamangira ku kukana koopsa anthu otchuka amene anaona zaluso malire a ufulu ndi ufulu.

imfa

Asanafe Ablay powona kuti sindidziwa kuvomereza kusintha wake yomasulira Kazakhs ndi ulimi Kukwatiwa kwawo antchito ndi anapuma ku dziko Mkulu Juz. Iye anafa mu 1781 za zomwe chibadwidwe Tashkent, ndipo anaikidwa m'manda mu mausoleum wa Khoja Ahmed.

Ablay anasiya ana ambiri. Amuna okha ndi anthu 30.

cholowa

Kazakhs akukumbukirabe phindu lalikulu lotani wawononga dziko lawo Ablay Khan. Biographies ndi zithunzi zakale kwa anthu onse, osati Kazakhs, koma kukumbukira ngwazi ndi wopatulika kwa anthu. Iye anapeza zambiri malo kudutsa Kazakhstan za iye pochotsa mafilimu Mbali. Pa umodzi wa masitampu ndi pa banknote 100 Tenge pano chithunzi Ablay Khan. Almaty ali msewu dzina lake polemekeza woimira lalikulu la anthu Chikazaki.

Kukumbukira Ablay Khan adzakhala ndi moyo kosatha.