Mitundu ya mchenga, makhalidwe awo, kupanga komanso kugwiritsa ntchito

Sand ndi nyanja thanthwe ndipo chuma yokumba, amene wapangidwa ndi tuzigawo twa a miyala. Nthawi zambiri tichipeza mchere khwatsi, lomwe ndi mankhwala otchedwa silika. Pankhani mchenga achilengedwe, ndi osakaniza lotayirira, omwe amakwaniritsa tirigu kachigawo 5 mm.

Gawo ndi chiwonongeko cha miyala

Nkhanizi aumbike mwa thanthwe wovulala yolimba. Malinga ndi zimene yosungirako zinthu, mchenga zingakhale:

• alluvial;
• m'madzi;
• talus;
• aeolian;
• lacustrine.

Pamene zinthu akupezeka ndondomeko mayiwe ndi mitsinje, zinthu zake anamaliza mawonekedwe anamaliza.

The mitundu chachikulu cha mchenga ndi makhalidwe a kupangidwa

Masiku ano, pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya mchenga ntchito mwa munthu zosiyanasiyana ndi mafakitale. Mtsinje mchenga - ndi matope, amene yotengedwa mabedi mtsinje. Mu nkhaniyi ndi mwachilungamo mkulu mlingo wa kuyeretsa, nchifukwa chake kapangidwe ka palibe miyala ing'onoing'ono, dongo wodetsedwa zili ndi vuto lina.

Dzenje mchenga ndi yotengedwa ndi kutsuka ndi madzi mu buku yaikulu, chifukwa amalephera kuchotsa fumbi la dothi. Poganizira mitundu ya mchenga angapezeke dzenje mchenga, amene lidzayeretsedwa m'kati kupanga tuzigawo twa yaikulu ya miyala. Nkhanizi ndi mwachilungamo ambiri kupanga njira zimene kuthamanga pa maziko ndi kukhazikitsa kupaka pulasitala zomangamanga. Mungapeze ntchito seeded mchenga ndi phula zosakaniza.

Kumanga mchenga ayenera kutsatira GOST 8736-2014, chimene nkhani granular ndi osakaniza a zochita kupanga krupnofraktsionnyh tirigu kukula mpaka 5 mm. Zofunika kachulukidwe ndi 1300 makilogalamu / mamita ^3. Kumanga mchenga popangidwa ndi chiwonongeko zachilengedwe mwala, izo ncho bwanji kukhala mchenga ndi miyala ndi mchenga madipoziti ndipo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo processing.

The mitundu ikuluikulu monga mchenga koma mwakhama ndi mchenga yokumba owoneka ngati osakaniza lotayirira akamagwira makina kuphwanya miyala, pakati otsiriza kulekanitsidwa:

• slag;
• granites;
• anajambulapo;
• nsangalabwi;
• pumice;
• tuff.

Features mchenga yokumba

Iwo akhoza kukhala chiyambi osiyana ndi osalimba. Ngati kufanana kwa mchenga ndi mbewu ya chiyambi achilengedwe, woyamba pachimake mawonekedwe osiyana ndi pamwamba akhakula. mchenga yokumba wamba kugwiritsa ntchito monga fillers pokonza plasters ndi njira kukongoletsa. Chifukwa nkotheka kuti kukwaniritsa chogwirika zolipiritsa chapamwamba wosanjikiza pa pamalo lakunja.

Zinthu zimenezi kungakhale mbali ina ya wosanjikiza pulasitala, monga factionalism tirigu angakhale osiyana, malingana ndi mtundu wa njira. Childs, mbewu kukula kwa kukula mbewu adzakhala wofanana ndi mchenga achilengedwe. Mu kupanga mchenga yokumba kwa processing akutengedwa otgorevshy malasha, mwala mwala ndi tinthu unburned imene otsika zili sulfure.

Makhalidwe zakuthupi kudzadalira khalidwe la kutungira wosanjikiza. Kupanga ngati pulasitala kwa ndalama mchenga mwina zina zidzawonjezedwa chippings, ufa kapena crumb za mtundu umenewu, kwa kapangidwe khalidwe ngakhale Umapeza.

The ntchito ndi makhalidwe a mchenga nyanja

Nyanja mchenga angagwiritsidwe ntchito yopanga zosakaniza zomangamanga, fillers kupanga kukhazikitsa kupaka pulasitala, kuika wa zapansi msewu, mipanda zomangamanga ndi m'makola mwawo, monga filler kwa yomanga grout ndi utoto. Kupanga mchenga otere malamulo GOST 8736-93.

Tuzigawo twa zingasiyane 2.5 kuti 3.5 Mc, omwe amasonyeza kukula gawo. Mapira kachulukidwe ndi osiyanasiyana kuchokera 2 2.8 g / masentimita ^3. Mu nyanja mchenga ayenera kwina kwathunthu zosafunika, koma ena tuzigawo twa n'zotheka kukumana zili ka dothi ndi fumbi. Mchenga wa kunyanja amakhala ndi kupanga ntchito-kwambiri, kupanga ndalama ndi apamwamba ntchito alluvial mchenga.

Makhalidwe ndi mtengo wa mchenga miyala

Mbali yaikulu ya mchenga miyala amachita pakalibe zosafunika ndi pafupipafupi. Migodi precoat chuma ali ndi makhalidwe awa: kachigawo kuyambira 1.5 5 mm, ndi osalimba ofanana kwa 1,60 g / masentimita ^3, ndipo zili otsika dothi, fumbi ndi zinyalala zina. Last mu dongosolo sayenera kuposa 0,03%.

Sand dzenje, amene mtengo pa mita kiyubiki adzakhala 2200 rubles. Ntchito osati kumanga komanso yokongola, komanso ngati chuma cha dziko. Makamaka yosafuna ntchito mchenga yopanga konkire ndi njerwa, komanso mu msewu ndi nyumba yomanga.

Sand dzenje, limene lidzakhala mtengo pa 2300 pakani., Kodi akuimira mu mawonekedwe a chuma ndi kukula tirigu osiyanasiyana mamilimita 2.5 kuti 2,7. Kupanga mkulu-mphamvu konkire ndipo anatsindika nyumba konkire amagwiritsidwa ntchito ntchito alluvial mchenga chachikulu nusu. zipangizo miyala ndi pa zomangamanga ndi kupanga slabs amaika mumsewu.

Luso makhalidwe a mtsinje alluvial mchenga ndi mbali ya ulimi wake

Sand precoat ali osalimba ndi 1.5 makilogalamu / mamita ^3. Pankhani kachulukidwe mu mkhalidwe chinyezi zachilengedwe, ndiye chithunzi ichi adzakhala kusanduka 1,45. The zikuchokera akhoza muli ndalama, dongo ndi matope zinthu, koma osapitirira 0,7 buku% ndi kulemera. Mnyontho ndi 4% pamene kukula mwachindunji 2.6 g / masentimita ^3. Izi mitundu ya mchenga yotengedwa kudzera dredger, chimene chili Bwato a. Zipangizozo ndi wodzilemekeza hydromechanical wagawo, mapampu wamphamvu, Madamu ndi kulumikiza kwa kugawa zikuchokera zakuthupi. M'zigawo mchenga pa mabedi a mitsinje zouma monga m'zigawo za miyala mchenga.

Pomaliza

Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya mchenga akhoza zimachitika kalasi yoyamba ya mpweya wa poizoni. Pa mchenga wosweka kutumikira monga zosiyana. Ngati ife kulankhula za mitundu ina, iwo ali otetezedwa ndi cheza angagwiritsidwe ntchito ntchito yomanga popanda malamulo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga ndi zachilendo lero. Mwachitsanzo, khwatsi mtundu wake ntchito kupanga zipangizo za cholinga ambiri ndi wapadera kuwotcherera. Pankhani mitundu zomangamanga, izo kuti apange ❖ kuyanika structural, kuphatikiza ndi utoto. Sands ntchito komanso pa ntchito liza, komanso mu kukonza malo a. Izo zinali kuima ndi mfundo zikuluzikulu za phula zosakaniza ntchito mu msewu atagona ndi nthawi yomanga.