"Scud" - roketi wopanda khalidwe limati ndi zigawenga?

Soviet ballistic mizinga, anayamba ndi kutengedwa kwa utumiki mwamsanga makumi asanu ndi nkhawa lamulo ndi atsogoleri andale a m'mayiko a Azungu lero. Zaka zapita, pa malo Launch kalekale anatenga malo ena, kachitidwe ano, latsopano olemera komanso atolankhani kupitiriza kutchula mawu akuti "Scud".

Roketi R-11 "Elbrus" anayamba bwinobwino anapezerapo mu 1953, Soviet asilikali analandira mu 1957. Mwa mfundo lero, ndi chipangizo lophweka, mutu gawo ndi sanasiyane, ulamuliro zipangizo anaika pakati pa oxidizer ndi mafuta akasinja. Zowona kukhudzana ndi osauka, zomwe mwina kulipidwa ndi mlandu wamphamvu zachiwawa ndi kuti mafuta unburned kulenga chidwi zotsatira zina.

Posachedwa zida walandira chizindikiro cha SS-1, NATO, kapena "Scud". chida anakamba kuti mayiko amene kumayambiriro kwa 50s ndipo 60s ankatengedwa wochezeka ndipo ngakhale anagwirizana. Iran, Iraq, Egypt, Korea North, Syria, Libya, kupeza atsopano pa nthawi zida akhala eni mfundo zikuluzikulu mikangano ndi anansi ake. Onse Yemen (North ndi South) anawomberedwa mzake Soviet P-17 ndi P-11. Komanso, zomangamanga ndodo, kamodzi amaphunzitsidwa kukhala ambiri ku mayunivesite Soviet, ayamba modernize, kusintha ndi kuona mwayi wa bungwe yopanga ofanana zitsanzo yekha.

Kodi kwambiri moti akale ndi opanda ungwiro "Scud"? Roketi wakhala wotchuka m'mayiko amene alibe mkulu sayansi ndi luso kuthekera kwa zifukwa ziwiri.

Choyamba mwa zinthuzi ndi khalidwe la onse Soviet nkhondowo zida kuphweka ndiponso kudalirika. Kumvetsa zida waukulu misonkhano akanatha Korea North ndi Chikomyunizimu wachikhazikitso aku Iran ndi ndiponso Aiguputo nationalists. Koma si chifukwa n'kofunika kwambiri.

Pang'ono mu dziko la zankhondo amakono adzakhala mwachinsinsi monga "Scud". chida The ikuchitika pa nsanja, amavutika, ndipo ngakhale kovuta kuti atsitse. Mu "Opaleshoni chipululu Mphepo" ngakhale lalikulu kwambiri, ndege US Air Force, sanathe kuwononga dzikoli pa aliyense wa launchers lapansi. Pa zinthu kudutsana zinali bwino kuposa mipherezero zouluka, koma osati kwambiri. Maofesi "Patriot" anagogoda chilichonse chida chachisanu, enawo anapita cordons Israeli mzinga, Saudi Arabia ndi Bahrain. njira kuonetsetsa kuwonongedwa kwa "Scud" sakutero panopa kulibe.

Kuti tikhale chida luso amakonda osati limati wopanda khalidwe zimene zimati utsogoleri dera, komanso zigawenga. Pambuyo pa achire wa asilikali Soviet ku Afghanistan, magulu boma la dziko alandira maofesi angapo "Elbrus". The Taliban anagwira chida. Chilango silikudziwika, koma imathamanga mfuti Chekhov a, R-17 chida akhoza zipolopolo kamodzi. Imene dziko chichitika, amene akanikizire batani "chiyambi": Chikudishi Odzipatula, Al-Qaeda womenya kapena mujahideen Afghanstan?

Kugwiritsa ntchito asilikali Russian anasiya "Scud" ndi pomaliza alumali moyo pa kumenyana ku Chechnya anasonyeza kudalirika kwambiri za luso lakale Soviet. Panali osati kulephera umodzi.