Nyumba ya Kulekerera - ndi chiyani ichi? N'chifukwa chiyani dzina la kulolerana nyumba

Masiku ano kawirikawiri anakumana ndi mawu monga "nyumba za mahule". Ichi ndi mawu akuti anali kamodzi sizachilendo ku Ulaya ndipo ngakhale Tsarist Russia. Koma pa nthawi mawu kwathunthu sanayambe ntchito ndipo tsopano imapezeka mu mabuku kapena luso mafilimu. Choncho, ndi mahule - ndi chiyani ichi?

kutanthauza

Ngati mwapindula peruse dikishonare, mungapeze tanthauzo kuti waunikira mawu akuti "nyumba ya uhule". Mawu amenewa akufotokoza malo kumene akazi a ukoma mosavuta. Amapezera ndalama pogulitsa thupi lake, kuti ndi uhule.

Amasunga: ofananira

Mu mbiri ya ntchito yoyambilira, kuti uhule, anatulukira zambiri establishments dzina ofanana matanthauzo, kumene akazi kudzigulitsa. Wotchuka kwambiri ndiponso otchuka iwo - ndi mahule, ndi mahule nyumba, ndi kulolerana. Komabe, ngakhale mu dziko wakale panali malo ndi maina awo zachilendo pamene anthu akanakhoza nthaŵi yanu ufulu ndi kusangalala ndi atsikana okongola.

A pang'ono mbiri funso

Sizikudziwika pamene iye choyamba anaonekera mkazi wa ukoma zosavuta, koma nthawi zambiri iwo ndi chikhumbo nzika za chitukuko anthu. Ngakhale mu Iguputo, Ancient Greece ndi Mesopotamia uhule ankadziwika ntchito, umene kampani nkhawa amalolera kwambiri. Pakuti yambiri wakale nyumba onse anali zachilengedwe kwathunthu chodabwitsa Komanso, ngakhale mafumu ndi mafumu sanazengereze ntchito misonkhano ya akazi achinyengo, amene nthawi zambiri pakati pa anthu ambiri ophunzira mu dziko.

mahule kumene kudziwa mzinda anakumana ndi kukongola - mwachitsanzo, pa ntchito yomanga mabwinja a Pompeii ankagwidwa Lupanar. Dziwani kuti dzina la bungwe amachokera mawu Latin sipangakhalenso likumasuliridwa kuti "hule." Amadziwika kuti Aroma anali kwambiri anayamikira akazi amene anatha osati kukondweretsa anthu mu bedi, koma nacho naye. Childs, madona izi anapambana ndalama viability, chifukwa iwo anali ndi mmodzi kapena awiri ogula wolemera. Choona chidwi n'chakuti ku Roma wakale hule akanatha mwamtheradi mkazi aliyense, ananena zimenezi magistracy a. Iye analandira chilolezo chapadera choti ntchito ndipo anali kuvala diresi yachikasu ndi nsapato wofiira. Nkhani milandu komwe ngakhale mkazi mausiku mafumu ntchito ya uhule.

Mu Middle Ages zinali ponseponse chinthu chotero monga "bordello wotchipa", pomwe iwo ankagwira ntchito asungwana aang'ono amene alibe njira ina yopezera zofunika pa moyo. Ansembe zikukangalika akuyesera kuti amuchotsepo uhule monga chodabwitsa ndipo anafuna bwino kwathunthu mzinda wa HULE, koma kuthetsa mahule. Makamaka asangalala dziko chikondi - France.

mahule French

Ndikufuna kufotokozera kuti si kale mawu akuti "nyumba ya uhule" inatuluka mu Europe. Khama (ngakhale kuti phokoso yosiyaniranapo ndi zofanana katundu zamalankhulidwe) zinachitika mu French kuukira boma, pamene mwachangu kusintha maganizo a anthu ndi ubale wake ndi makhalidwe abwino. M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu, wa French anaganiza mogwirizana ndi cholinga chosintha kuti mtima kwa ansembe chikondi kukhala m'dziko kuloleza. Choncho, ntchito yawo mtchatho ndi anthu a France anali kulamulidwa m'chilamulo kuwachitira ulemu. Mahule akhala anadzatchedwa m'nyumba ya kulolera kuti kale yodziwika ndi zake dzina momwe akazi ayenera kuzindikira achinyengo French.

Kulolerana nyumba anali zachilendo m'dziko la chikondi ndi chibwenzi, mu chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu mahule atumwi anapanga chuma chawo ndi kugwira ntchito kwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Ndipotu makasitomala kaŵirikaŵiri operekedwa m'nyumba zawo anagonjetsa ngale French olemekezeka. akazi ambiri m'kupita chimakagona ndipo anatsegula mahule awo monga akadali watchulidwa mabungwe ofanana mu Europe.

Nanga Russia? Monga ife anayambitsa mawu akuti "nyumba ya uhule"? Ndi nkhani wokongola chidwi lidziwe mwapadera. Koma mukukumbukira izo.

N'chifukwa chiyani dzina la kulolerana nyumba

Nkhondo ndi Napoleon anali akuti wake mu Russia, amene yodziwika ndi mabungwe ndi akazi a ukoma mosavuta. Iwo nthawi zambiri amanena kuti mahule, ndiye malo kumene iwo akuchita chigololo ndi chitayiko. Koma nkhondo ya 1812 pang'ono anasintha maganizo a Russian kuti mabungwe amenewa.

Icho chinali French anabwera ndi lingaliro la "Nyumba ya Kulekerera", koma Russia chakhala kusanduka pang'ono ndipo wakhala kwambiri kumvetsa mwathu muno phokoso - ndi mahule. Ichi chimatanthauza kuti zimene zikuchitika kuseri kwa mpanda wa boma limaletsa, komabe malo. Tikhoza kunena kuti kampani ankakondwera mahule okha ndi ntchito zawo.

Russia: kulolerana nyumba

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mu Russia pamaso pa 1917, uhule wakhala zinazake malamulo, moti azimayi ena za ubwino ndi phindu. N'zoona kuti munthu wansembe wa chikondi kuti yololedwa mwalamulo monga chitsimikiziro iye analandira satifiketi ndi chivundikiro chikasu. Popanda iye, iye sakanakhoza kulowa mu nyumba iliyonse otchuka ndi mbiri zoipa. Ndi awa apolisi zikalata inamva mosavuta akazi achinyengo Komanso, iwo ankayenera kuti afotokoze nthawi zonse ku polisi. chithandizo mu mahule anali pa mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri, chifukwa ndi Madongosolo madona ogwira ntchito mahule lapansi.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kugulitsa akazi chisanadze chosintha Russia akanatha m'nyumba ya uhule mu mzinda. Iwo sakanakhoza kuponderezedwa kayendedwe. Ngakhale ena kumabungwe ena alionse anali mwamphamvu womangidwa kwa malo awo okhala. Komanso, iwo mosavuta malo kumenyana ndi musalekane pansi pa lamulo pa umbava ukule.

Tikhoza kunena kuti mahule m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri anali mbali ya anthu Russian, koma kukamba za izo sizinali analandira anthu mkulu. Komanso inaletsedwa nkhaniyi mu kukhalapo kwa amayi ndi atsikana.

Mahule mabuku

Mutu wa uhule ndi mahule nthawi zambiri kwambiri akubera ndi olemba Nthawi osiyana. Mwachitsanzo, Honoré de Balzac ntchito zake "nzeru ndi umphawi courtesans" lotseguka ndithu nthawi yake akulankhula za tsogolo la akazi amene amagulitsa matupi awo.

Iye sanali pochitika chidwi nkhani imeneyi chonde ndi buku L. N. Tolstoy a "Kuuka", ndipo A. I. Kuprin mu nkhani "dzenje". Ndinalemba pa nkhani ya uhule A. Dumas, Victor Hugo ndi Boris Akunin. Kufikira tsopano, nkhani ya akazi wagwa ndi ndiwotani kwa olemba padziko lonse.

Cinema nyumba za kulekerera

Alembi ndi atsogoleri komanso sanathe kupewa mutu wa mahule ndipo kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito yake. Mmodzi wa mafilimu chidwi kwambiri mndandanda anamasulidwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zapitazo. The filimu pansi kusimba dzina ya "kulekerera House" - wolengedwa mwa ambuye French. History igwera mu gulu la "sewero" ndipo limatiuza nkhani za mavuto a atsikana ntchito mu mahule ku France m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri. Pamaso pa omvetsera kukhazikitsa lonse mndandanda wa zinthu zimene ati awulule zinsinsi zonse izi anatseka dziko kakang'ono kamene ayenera kufunga kutonza, chitoliro kusewera kaphokoso zolemba.

Dziwani kuti filimu analandira wosanganiza yovuta Kutamandidwa ndipo ngakhale asankha nawo mu Cannes Film Chikondwerero. Anthu ambiri anavomereza kuti zimakhudza kwambiri chinsinsi zingwe moyo ndi penyani izo zabwino kwambiri.

Kumene, mutu wa mahule ndi chokhudza kwambiri. Ndipo ngakhale mu m'badwo uno aunikiridwa, pamene pafupifupi erases kudziletsa onse, silikunena pagulu. Ndipo akanangokhoza zikutanthauza chinthu chimodzi - liwu kamodzi anadzetsa kumapeto, kunapezeka kuti zabwino kwambiri. Ndipotu anthu akupitiriza kulekerera chinachake kuti safuna kuvomereza, ndi zimene sakufuna kulankhula mokweza.