Nzeru kuweruza Kant

Immanuel Kant - wotchuka German woganiza, amene anapanga zopereka kwambiri chitukuko cha nzeru zachikhalidwe. ntchito zake ndi zogwirizana lero. Zofunika makamaka ankaona kuti nzeru za kuweruza Kant. Taganizirani mbali yake yaikulu ndi malingaliro. anzeru chosintha ntchito ndi kuti anapereka zatsopano nthanthi njira. M'malo kuganizira mavuto ambiri a moyo, Kant anasamukira ku chiyambi kwambiri. Nzeru zapamwamba, ndinadabwa za malire a chidziwitso cha malingaliro a munthu zenizeni. N'chifukwa chake lingaliro la woganiza wotchedwa yovuta. Immanuel anatsutsa lingaliro kuti luso la kuphunzira anthu chosaneneka.

Tili nzeru Kant ndi lagawidwa mbali zitatu zazikulu, sipangakhalenso limafotokozedwa mwachidule mu mafunso atatu yosavuta. The oyamba - "Kodi ine ndikudziwa?". Apa woganiza sakhulupirira zoti kuli kuphweka ndi nzeru kwabasi. Monga umboni, atchula otchedwa kupotozedwa kwa maganizo a dziko loyandikira. Mu mabuku a Kant, zinthu zonse zilipo ngati mbali ziwiri. Choyamba, chinthu alipo "mu yekha," iye ali, chimene kwenikweni. Mu muyeso item chachiwiri zikuoneka ngati chodabwitsa ndi. Lilili monga chinyezimiro mu maganizo a mwamuna wake. Kant ankakhulupirira kuti chinthucho ndi chinthu chenicheni mu maso a munthu - ndi zinthu zosiyana kwathunthu. Choncho, luso chidziwitso cha munthu ndi operewera kwambiri, chifukwa kuweruza kwa dziko chidzafa kokha chinyezimiritso ake osati kuchokera zenizeni alipo.

Ndiye, nzeru kuweruza Kant waika yokha funso lotsatira - "kodi ine ndichite chiani?". Apa woganiza amaona si umboni, koma ndi ntchito mwangwiro othandiza. Kant ankakhulupirira kuti mpambo ena a chikhalidwe anaika mu moyo wa munthu aliyense, otchedwa "chikumbumtima". Woganiza analemba m'mabuku ake kuti munthuyo ayenera kukhala mu mgwirizano wangwiro ndi iye. Apa, nzeru za kuweruza Kant ndi pokhudzana ndi mfundo za chiphunzitso chipembedzo chachikhristu. German woganiza, analemba kuti munthu sangathe ntchito anzace monga yotithandiza. Izi zikusiyana ndi malamulo onse a makhalidwe abwino unquestioned. Munthu zitha kukhala chinthu cholinga. Kant ankakhulupirira kuti munthu ayenera kukhala pamwamba pa propensities odzikonda, zikhumbo zachilengedwe ndi achibadwidwe.

Funso lachitatu, amene ayesedwa mu zolemba zake nzeru zapamwamba German imati motere - "? Kodi ine ndikuyembekezera". nzeru kuweruza Kant akutanthauzanji zoona kuti munthu amene amatsatira malamulo, amapeza ufulu weniweni. Amakhala chakuti munthu akhoza kupanga zosankha zawo ndi kudziwa miyoyo yawo, osati kumachita "analamula" zosoŵa zawo zachilengedwe, zomwe zikhoza kukhala zoopsa kwambiri. Kant ankakhulupirira kuti khama munthuyo mogwirizana ndi mfundo zonse a anthu si kulipidwa mu moyo, koma ayenela kuchitako kanthu malinga ndi iwo, chifukwa malamulo wosatsutsika. Nzeru zapamwamba, analemba kuti munthu akhoza kudalira yekha pa Mulungu. Choncho, chipembedzo umatheka makhalidwe abwino osati mosemphanitsa, monga momwe ambiri a ntchito zina za anzeru ndi zithunzi achipembedzo. Kant ndi wapadera kwambiri njira ndi maganizo Mulungu, kucheza izo. Woganiza kuti chipembedzo ndi wofunika kwa anthu, chifukwa amapereka chiyembekezo cha mphoto chifukwa cha khama lawo kutsatira makhalidwe abwino. Ndiko kuti, chiphunzitso nthanthi ya Kant njira yokha ngakhale popanda kuzindikira kwambiri za kufunika kwa kukhulupirira Mulungu, koma kuzindikira kufunika kwa mfundo za moyo wina pambuyo, umene kuchepetsa ndi akuyesetsa wa munthu.