Pachimake purulent rhinosinusitis: zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, matenda, mankhwala

Nthawi zambiri ENT dokotala amaika odwala matenda monga rhinosinusitis pachimake, amene ali ndi matenda a thirakiti chapamwamba kupuma. matenda amaliona ndi mankhwala. Kawirikawiri izo zimayambitsa mavuto, chifukwa mu mawonekedwe pachimake amakhala purulent kapena aakulu. Mwina malonda Pakufunika opaleshoni. Tiyeni tikambirane zambiri mwatsatanetsatane matenda monga rhinosinusitis, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo cha kudwala izi.

mawonekedwe

Malingana ndi kumene mu pali matenda amadziŵika:

• genyantritis (maxillary sinusitis);
• ethmoiditis (kutupa fupa ethmoid) ;
• sphenoiditis (kutupa kwa nkusani sphenoid);
• pansinusitis ndi polisinusit (imfa ya zina, kapena zonse sinuses a);
• sinusitis (mazunzo nkusani ndi kuvutika).

matenda onsewa otchedwa ndi mawu amodzi - "rhinosinusitis".

zimayambitsa

Pachimake rhinosinusitis angayambe pa zifukwa zotsatirazi:

• chifukwa matenda;
• mchikakamizo cha allergens.

Nthawi zambiri matenda chifukwa cha chimfine. Mavairasi kulowa m'njira za m'mphuno ndi kulimbikitsa kutupa awo. Kawirikawiri, ngati nthenda likulowerera mu m'mphuno, thupi yomweyo kuyankha amenewa m'thupi, kuchuluka ntchofu ndi edema mapangidwe. Zimenezi zimabweretsa chakuti chifukwa cha paranasal sinuses zili akuyamba kuwonetsedwa movutikira, ndipo amalenga yabwino kwa kafalitsidwe wotsatira tizilombo zoipa ndi mapangidwe mafinya.

Thupi la munthu nthawi zonse ndi mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya zedi kochepa, musati imautsa yatsoka njira yotupa. Ndi kuchepetsa ntchito zoteteza za thupi, iwo anayamba zikupitiriza, nthawi zambiri kuchititsa pachimake purulent rhinosinusitis.

Komanso, pali zinthu pathological amene zinanso ziti pa chitukuko cha matenda:

• nyumba anatomical wa mphuno (kuchuluka turbinate, septum mapindikidwe, etc ...);
• immunodeficiency;
• pamaso pa matenda monga enaake fibrosis, matupi awo sagwirizana rhinitis, adenoids, ndi ena;
• adatchithisira chitetezo chokwanira.

zizindikiro

Onani zizindikiro yaikulu ya kutupa sinuses ndi:

• malungo;
• aakulu mutu;
• kusintha mu mwazi;
• kufooka ndi malaise;
• m'mphuno kuchulukana.

Patapita nthawi, pachimake rhinosinusitis akuonetsedwa ngati motere:

• malungo;
• kumaliseche nthenda kuchokera m'mphuno;
• kutupa kwa zikope kapena masaya,
• halitosis;
• kutsokomola, oipa kwambiri usiku;
• angaletsedwe kupuma m'mphuno;
• matenda kununkhiza;
• mavuto ndi kuthamanga mu sinuses anakhudzidwa;
• kumverera kwa kutopa nthawi zonse;
• dzino, ndi ambiri pachimake pa kutafuna.

Pachimake purulent rhinosinusitis mwina lalikulu zosiyanasiyana zizindikiro ambiri ndi makonsolo. Zizindikiro za izo zimatengera chifukwa cha pakuwonekera kwake, pamaso pa matenda ena, ndi zaka za wodwalayo. Ndipo ana n'zovuta kulekerera matenda.

rhinosinusitis Polypoid pakupezeka zizindikiro zomwezo monga mtundu pachimake. Popeza mawonekedwe matenda nchaukali, mankhwala ake opaleshoni endoscopic ntchito molumikizana ndi chithandizo odana ndi matupi awo sagwirizana.

diagnostics

Mwamsanga pamene zizindikiro loyamba rhinosinusitis, amene osati kudali masiku angapo, komanso patsogolo, nthawi zonse muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala. Kuti matenda katswiri zolondola ndiyo malo kutanthauzira kwa matendawa, mawonekedwe ake ndi mtundu wa tizilombo kapena kachilombo imene inachititsa kuti chitukuko cha matenda.

zinthu zotsatirazi akutsatiridwa kutsimikiza mawonetseredwe matenda a rhinosinusitis pachimake:

• chikhalidwe ambiri wodwala;
• ntchito nkhani;
• kugwira njira kufufuza malangizo.

ENT Kupenda

Kuphunzira mtima limayamba ndi mndandanda wa mbiri yake ya udokotala. Kuti tichite zimenezi, wodwalayo limafotokoza zizindikiro, nthawi ya kumaliseche kwa mphuno ndi chikhalidwe chawo, pamaso pa kupweteka kwa mutu ndi nkhope, ndipo malo awo. Tiyeneranso auzeni adokotala za ziwengo aliyense ndi chimfine posachedwapa anasamutsidwa.

matenda chingatithandize ngakhale zokhudza pochotsedwa mano anachita, kumwa mankhwala, anthu zoopsa immunocompromised.

Pambuyo pake, dotolo amachita kudzifufuza thupi la wodwalayo, kuchita palpation wa masaya ndi pamphumi kudziwa chikondi cha sinuses lapansi. Kugwiritsa ENT Kupenda angazindikire zopindika ndi m'mphuno.

mayesero zasayansi

Pamaso pa ndondomeko yotupa ndi chikhalidwe kumene ake amathandiza kudziwa magazi. Pankhaniyi kusanthula magazi ndi chiŵerengero cha mtundu uliwonse.

Komanso, mu m'galasi anayesedwa zili tizilombo matenda sinuses. Mothandizidwa ndi maphunziro microbiological kukhazikitsa mtundu wa tizilomboto ndi tcheru chake kwa wothandizila zosiyanasiyana antibacterial. Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zotsatira za kafukufuku zoterozo mu mawonekedwe pachimake masiku 3-4 pokhapokha isanayambike zizindikiro woyamba wa matendawa. Choncho, nthawi zambiri kutaya kufunika awo.

phunziro zoimbidwa

Zida Special ntchito kuphunzira ndi matenda molondola:

• M'mphuno endoscopy - ntchito yake chubu CHIKWANGWANI-chamawonedwe, mapeto a ndilo gwero kuwala. Ndi phunziro loterolo angazindikire ngakhale kupatuka pang'ono mu M'mimbamo m'mphuno, komanso amayang'anitsitsa septal chilema ndi kukhalapo kwa zotupa, monga tizilombo ting'onoting'ono.
• Yopangidwa tomography - imatengedwa njira zabwino kuyendera zithunzi m'njira za m'mphuno m'mphuno. Iwo makamaka anachitika ku mwambo zosokonezeka.
• Radiography - anali chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka endoscopy ndi yopangidwa tomography. Panopa, zinadziwika zambiri zokayikitsa amachita.
• Maginito kumveka tomography - ndi njira kwambiri kwa matenda a mavuto yotupa mkati Chigaza, ndi zotupa zilonda. Maxillary sinusitis akuwonetseredwa mu mawonekedwe a kunachita mdima wa m'njira za m'mphuno maxillary.

zochiritsira

Pachimake rhinosinusitis amaliona monga njira zachipatala ndi opaleshoni. Mphamvu ya njira iliyonse imatengedwa kwa adotolo wodwala aliyense payekha. Sankhani njira ya mankhwala timadalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana: m'badwo wa mtima, mtundu wa matenda ndi chikhalidwe kumene ake, n'zotheka thupi lawo siligwirizana, etc. Koma kodi palibe mankhwala kamwedwe kuti anasankha, ziyenera anatumiza kwa ..:

• kuthetsa zizindikiro za kutupa;
• kubwezeretsa patency mavesi kuti kugwirizana amphuno ndime nkusani;
• kuchotsa ku axils wa zili tizilombo;
• kuthetsa gwero la matenda.

rhinosinusitis akuluakulu Chithandizo ayenera kuyang'aniridwa okhwima dokotala, kuyambira mankhwala kusalankhula zambiri kumayambitsa mavuto. Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala - kuchotsa nthumwi opatsirana ndi kubwezeretsa mphamvu ya m'njira za m'mphuno paranasal yekha kutsukidwa.

mankhwala

Pachimake purulent rhinosinusitis ankachitira ndi mankhwala zotsatirazi:

• decongestants;
• immunocorrectors;
• mankhwala;
• zina symptomatic mankhwala.

Decongestants ndi decongestants zambiri zotchulidwa mu malo oyamba komanso kugwiritsa ayenera psiti kuposa 4-5 masiku, chifukwa ntchito nthawi yaitali kumawonjezera yekha edema ndi m'mphuno kuchulukana. mankhwala amenewa ndi monga "Mankhwala a ephedrine", "Nazivin", "Sanorin", "Galazolin", "Naphthyzinum" ndi zina zotero. N. nthumwi zimenezi sikuchiritsa matendawa, ndi mongoyembekezera kuthetsa zizindikiro.

Mu mitundu ina ya matenda monga rhinosinusitis anachitira yekha ndi mankhwala amene kumwedwa kwa masabata awiri. Amathandiza kuthetsa onse zizindikiro, koma phwando ayenera anachita yekha kuyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri. Mankhwala ambiri pafupipafupi zotchulidwa monga "Amoxicillin". Koma ngati masiku atatu pambuyo kusintha wake chikuonetseratu sichinachitikepo, ziyenera m'malo mwa mankhwala ndi mankhwala yogwira tetracycline kapena cephalosporin. Komanso bwino ofunika kulandira awa mankhwala "clarithromycin", "Azithromycin" ndi "Roxithromycin".

Ngakhale osiyanasiyana mankhwala osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza pachimake rhinosinusitis, si nthawi zonse zothandiza. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti zamoyo zambiri zimene zimayambitsa kutupa thirakiti chapamwamba kupuma, tilimbane ndi mankhwala. Chifukwa chake rhinosinusitis pachimake, makamaka pamene nkusani mazunzo amakhala chofuna, ntchito kukondoweza kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi chimagwirira ntchito.

Chifukwa chaichi, ntchito immunomodulators ndi immunomodulators. Iwo ali zinthu zina kuti abwezeretse ntchito za chitetezo m'thupi. The njira ya mankhwala zambiri masabata 1.5-2.

Ngati mawonekedwe matenda napeza monga polypoid rhinosinusitis ndipo amafunika chithandizo ntchito mankhwala mucolytic ( "myrtol," "Sinupret", "Acetylcysteine"). Iwo amathandiza kuti kupatulira wa nkhani wandiweyani ndi viscous wa sinuses, chifukwa mu outflow cha mafinya akuyamba. Komanso, mankhwala zimenezi pharmacological gulu ndi kanthu antibacterial.

Ngati thupi kutentha kuchuluka, wodwala ayenera kutsatira bedi zina. Kuti azichita izi iye Kwalamulidwa antipyretics monga "Amidopyrine" ndi "Aspirin". Monga mankhwala analgesic zambiri zotchulidwa "Paracetamol", "Ibuprofen". wothandizila mphamvu kawirikawiri ntchito, ndipo iwo ayenera zosaposa masiku 7.

Matupi awo sagwirizana rhinosinusitis ankachitira ndi madontho a antihistamine ndi miyala. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndi creams, koma mankhwala m'thupi ndi Kwalamulidwa zambiri.

Ine ayenera kuwonjezera Kuwonjezera mankhwala, mankhwala zotsatirazi:

• ndasambitsa m'mphuno nkusani njira antiseptic chifukwa choti zili nthenda;
• Ndi bwino kumwa madzi ofunda: zakumwa zipatso, zipatso stewed, madzi organic zipatso, tiyi ofooka, msuzi m'chiuno;
• ntchito njira physiotherapeutic: mayikirowevu mankhwala, ultrasound, UHF.

Ngati njira izi musati kubweretsa zotsatira yoyenera, iwo amachita opaleshoni.

alowererepo opaleshoni

Ngati mulibe kuthandiza mankhwala mankhwala a matenda monga rhinosinusitis, chithandizo Pankhaniyi ikuchitika opaleshoni. Nthawi zambiri, pamene anasankha puncture, amene amathandiza kuti:

• mwamsanga anaphunzira paranasal sinuses mafinya;
• chimakhudza ndi mucosa wa paranasal sinuses antiseptic, odana ndi yotupa ndi antibacterial mankhwala.

Koma pali azichitira ndi kuipa. zikanasokoneza poyizoni m'magazi, imfa ya masomphenya, ndi zina zotero. N. Choncho, ambiri a iwo ali osavomerezeka.

Zochita za matenda ana

Rhinosinusitis ana ndi matenda lalikulu, kuyambira chimachititsa gawo limodzi la matenda onse kuti imakhudzana ndi kapepala chapamwamba kupuma. Ndipo akuluakulu theka la ana apitiriza kuvutika iwo.

Ndi matenda, Mwina kukhala mavuto aakulu. The owopsa ndi pyoseptic yozungulira Vuto imatsogolera ku masomphenya mkhutu, ndi 2% milandu zimachitika kusintha intracranial. Ngati nthawi alibe matenda ndi thanzi, kukhala chibayo.

Pachimake rhinosinusitis ana kumaonekera motere:

• woopsa yaitali chifuwa;
• movutikira kuboola mphuno;
• kutopa;
• ambiri malaise;
• m'mphuno mawu;
• kuonjezera kutentha thupi.

Mankhwalawa waukulu akuti ndi antimicrobial mankhwala ndi maziko a chitetezo chokwanira kuwonjezeka.

Features matendawa pa mimba

Nthawi zambiri pali pachimake purulent rhinosinusitis woyembekezera, Komanso akhoza limodzi ndi mavuto, monga mwa nthawi ili okha chithandizo chilichonse.

Only dokotala akhoza mankhwala mankhwala amene angathe kuwononga mkazi ndi mwana akamwedwa mosatonthozeka. Ngati zoipa Penicillin gulu anasamutsidwa ndi cephalosporins, macrolides ntchito. Kungakhale "Moxifloxacin", "levofloxacin" ndi "sparfloxacin". Muulamuliro awo ndi chiwonongeko cha kaphatikizidwe mapuloteni maselo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mankhwalawa amaonedwa kukhala zothandiza kwambiri ndi otetezeka chithandizo cha amayi apakati.

kupewa

Pofuna kupewa matenda monga rhinosinusitis pachimake, mutengepo zotsatirazi zodzitetezera:

• Pewani drafts ndi hypothermia;
• ambiri kuyenda panja, kukhala thupi lamphamvu;
• kuzimitsidwa;
• kuchita masewera;
• nthawi kuchitira SARS ndi chimfine;
• nthawi adiresi wa mano kuchitira mano nsagwada chapamwamba;
• zofunika kusambira mu nyanja madzi ndi nyanja mpweya zachifalansa machiritso.

Pomaliza

Choncho, pachimake purulent rhinosinusitis kwenikweni kuchitiridwa moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala, kuti ndi mavuto alionse wokongola oopsa kuti kungakhale moyo pachiswe. M'pofunika kupewa n'zothandiza matenda zinthu, kupatula nthaŵi mapangidwe anditsekera ndipo fumbi, kusiya kusuta. Pa chithandizo chokwanira yake ya rhinosinusitis kwathunthu anawachiritsa.