Pamene Petro 1 Army unakhazikitsidwa pa maziko a usilikali. Mbiri ya boma asilikali Russian

Monga mukudziwa, kwambiri kusintha anapanga dziko lathu, mfumu Petulo A .. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale nthawi yayitali lonena zaluso wokonzanso mfumu, ndipo iwo ananena kuti pansi Peter 1 Army unakhazikitsidwa pa maziko a akonzedwa a kulemba anthu usilikali.

Petro anali ndi kusintha kwambiri asilikali analimbitsa Russian Ufumu anathandiza chakuti dziko lathu ndi gulu lake lankhondo anaonekera kwa mphamvu ndi asilikali a wogonjetsa Swedish Charlemagne anali pa Bay onse a ku Ulaya pa nthawi imeneyo.

Koma zinthu oyamba.

N'chifukwa chiyani tikufunika kugwira kusintha wa asilikali?

Pamene Petro A. anavekedwa mfumu ndi m'bale wake Ioannom Alekseevichem, asilikali mu Russia anali motere:

1. Kuyambira mayunitsi zonse - ndi maalumali Royal, Cossack mayunitsi ndi mercenaries yachilendo.
2. Kuyambira nthawi ya lomenyera mwambo nkhondo - asilikali Local kuti anasonkhana kwa osawuka ndi amisiri ang'onoang'ono ambuye.

Pakuti mofulumira XVII atumwi, dziko lathu anali kudutsa kwambiri zosokonezeka asilikali mapeto, iye anapulumutsidwa ku Time ya Mavuto osati mtima asilikali mayunitsi zonse, komanso magulu a asilikali anthu.

Anali kumeneko zoyesayesa aliyense kulenga asilikali nthawi zonse Petra Velikogo?

Pa gulu lankhondo nthawi zonse, zomwe kupezeka yolembedwa usilikali, ngakhale ndimaganiza atate wake Peter - Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Komabe, imfa yadzidzidzi sanamulole kuchita zokhumba zake onse ankhondo, koma mfumu ndi anayesa pang'ono kuzindikira iwo.

mwana wake wamkulu ndi mwana akudwala, kasamalidwe ka boma anali ndi nthawi yovuta, iye anamwalira patapita nthawi yochepa imfa ya atate ake.

Mlongo Petro ndi Yohane - olowa wachifumu - Mfumukazi Sophia, makamaka n'kukagwiritsa mphamvu ya abale awo aang'ono anadalira oponya mivi. Ndi chifukwa Sofya woona kuphunzira olumala anthu iye anali kwenikweni mafumu.

Komabe, oponya mivi adamfunsa maudindo ake ndi Sofia sali woumira. Pa utumiki wa kudzathandiza ake okhulupirika ndinaganiza pang'ono, kotero Russian boma ankhondo pa nthawi imeneyo anali ndi ofooka poyerekeza ndi makamu a m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya.

Kodi Petulo anachita chiyani?

Monga inu mukudziwa, njira Petra Velikogo mphamvu zinali zovuta kwambiri, kupewedwa mlongo, kufuna imfa yake. Motero, mfumu wamng'ono adakwanitsa kupambana polimbana ndi Sophia mwankhanza kupondereza mbali yake oponya mivi.

Mfumu achinyamata kudzakhala kuwina nkhondo, koma iwo anatengedwa mu dziko kuti ali pafupifupi palibe asilikali zonse?

Peter, ndi vehemence wake khalidwe mwachangu ananyamula nkhaniyo.

Choncho, pamene Peter 1 Army unakhazikitsidwa pa maziko a mfundo zatsopano.

Mfumu anayamba ndi chakuti ake awiri "kusewera-alumali" - Chiwalitsiro ndi Semenov - anakakhala pansi pa chitsanzo European. Anawalamula mercenaries yachilendo. Maalumali anasonyeza mbali yabwino pa Azov nkhondo, kotero kale mu 1698 magulu akale kwathunthu kusungunuka.

Nafenso mfumu inalamula yosankha asilikali watsopano. Kuyambira tsopano iliyonse kuthetsa dziko anali usilikali. Kunali kofunika kupereka nambala inayake ya anyamata mphamvu chifukwa cha utumiki wawo kwa mfumu ndi lawo.

kusinthika asilikali

Chifukwa, izo anakwanitsa kufika pa 40 000 anthu, amene anali ogaŵikana regiments 25 oyenda ndi 2 apakavalo. Atsogoleli akhala alonda kwakukulukulu yachilendo. asilikali kuphunzitsa anachita mosamalitsa kwambiri ndi pa chitsanzo European.

Peter sakanakhoza kudikira kuti apite ndi gulu lake latsopano kunkhondo. Komabe, nkhondo yake yoyamba nkhondo inatha mu anagonjetsedwa Narva.

Koma mfumu sanafooke. Pamene Petro 1 Army unakhazikitsidwa pa maziko yolembedwa usilikali, ndipo icho chinali chikhalidwe cha kupambana kwake. Mu 1705 mfumu inaika lamulo monga anatipatsa amayenera kukhala wokhazikika.

anali utumiki zonsezi?

Service asilikali anali mwakhama. The moyo utumiki wa zaka 25. Ndipo chifukwa chokhala ndi kulimbana ndi msilikali ophweka akhoza kuuka kwa msilikali udindo. Peter sanasangalale aulesi ana a mabanja olemera, kotero ngati anaona kuti fuko lomveka wamng'ono akatulutsidwa shied ndi maudindo ake mu utumiki, sanalekerere iye.

zofunika kwambiri chinaperekedwa kwa usilikali wa otchuka, amene anayenera usilikali ndi zaka 25. Chosinthana ndi utumiki uwu olemekezeka analandira kuchokera State ziwembu za dziko Amaya.

Kodi anasintha?

Ngakhale kuti anthu sanasangalale kuti yolembedwa usilikali lolemera, kuyesera mu njira iliyonse kuthawa izo (achinyamata anatumizidwa ku convents, zimachitika ndi zigawo zina ndi zina zotero. E.), asilikali Peter Ine chinakula. Pa nthawi imeneyi, pamene Swedish Korol Karl anaganiza udzaphwanya dziko lathu, Petulo 32 oyenda regiments, 2 alonda Regiment and 4 Regiment wa grenadiers. Komanso, panali 32 Dragoons wapadera. Zinali 60 zikwi asilikali ophunzitsidwa bwino molamulidwa ndi akapitawo odziwa.

Chotero asilikali gulu lalikulu lomwe wotetezedwa Russian Tsar ake kugonjetsa asilikali posachedwapa.

Zotsatira za kusintha kwa Peter

Pomaliza, imfa yake mu 1725, mfumu adalenga makina ankhondo, zomwe osiyana mphamvu yake ndi dzuwa mu zochitika asilikali. Kumene, kulengedwa kwa Army Peter 1 - ngongole yaikulu ya mwayekha lapansi. Komanso, Mfumu walenga mabungwe wapadera zachuma kuonetsetsa asilikali ake kuthekera kuli, analenga malangizo ndi utumiki, kulowa usilikali, ndi zina zotero. D.

Mu ankhondo tinali unkayenera kutumikira monga oimira magulu onse, kuphatikizapo atsogoleri (ansembe anachita mu ntchito izo awo yomweyo).

Choncho, tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti pansi Peter 1 Army unakhazikitsidwa pa maziko yolembedwa usilikali konsekonse. Iye anali amphamvu ndi olimba dongosolo asilikali, zogwirizana limagwirira nawo pa kukhazikitsa ntchito yake yaikulu - kuteteza dziko ku kumuopseza kunja mu nthawi zovuta.

Powona asilikali oterewa, mphamvu Western chabe alibe chikhumbo kulimbana ndi Russia, zomwe dziko lathu ndi ulemu kutukula bwino m'ma lotsatira. Ambiri, asilikali analengedwa ndi Peter, mu mbali yake yaikulu chinakhalapo mpaka 1917, pamene anawonongedwa ndi kukana wa zochitika wotchuka chosintha m'dziko lathu.