Phazi truss: kufotokoza, makamaka mawerengedwe miyeso

Erection wa denga la nyumba ndi chomaliza yomanga. chochitika chofunika, potsata onse durability ntchito yomanga ndi chitetezo cha anthu a kuno. Popanda mawerengedwe zolondola mu nkhani iyi si kokwanira.

Kuvomerezedwa mchitidwe dongosolo lonse ndi mwendo mtanda. Izo chifukwa cha katundu okhazikika ndi osakhalitsa. Choncho, pamaso zikugwira unsembe wa denga paokha, muyenera mutidziwe bwino tsatanetsatane wa ndondomekoyi. Pali ena malamulo amene amayendetsa makonzedwe a dongosolo truss.

makhalidwe General

Truss dongosolo la denga ndi chithandizo zikuluzikulu dongosolo. Chimachititsa katundu chochuluka. Kuonetsetsa kudalirika kwa dongosolo, phazi lililonse mtanda amamangiriridwa sankalimbana nafe. Ichi chizathandiza denga kupirira mphepo gusts, wofuka chisanu ndi zotsatira zina.

Nkhani zinthu izi structural ndi nkhuni zambiri. N'kosavuta kusintha, ndipo mtengo wa achepetsa. Kodi kusamalira kwambiri wapadera antiseptic ndi moto impregnation.

Mbali ya ndingaliro ya zinthu padenga la otsetsereka denga liri skates. Pansi pa mtanda wa apuma pa mauerlat. Izi zimathandiza kugulitsa katundu wogawana. Pamwamba pa zinthu izi zachokera mitengo ya pamwamba kapena wapakatikati cholimbikitsidwa.

Kudenga nthawi zina amatchedwanso opendekera kapena nakosnoy phazi matabwa chabe.

katundu

Mtanda phazi poyera kuti mavuto osiyanasiyana. Izi okhazikika ndi osakhalitsa yofanana. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo okwana kulemera, amene ali dongosolo truss, komanso zipangizo zina denga (nthunzi chotchinga, kumatira, denga, slate). Mulinso zinthu chokongoletsera mkati kapena chapamwamba.

Akatundu angayambe chifukwa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Iwo akhoza kuchita masamu pafupifupi yekha. Pankhaniyi kuganizira pazipita zotheka mpweya zomwe zingachitike mu zone ichi nyengo. Komanso pa denga zingakhudze mphepo. Ngati am'derali yaitali ndipo ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, ayenera kuganizira mbali mu kuwerengetsera lapansi.

M'pofunika kuganizira kulemera kwa anthu amene adzapereka pomanga denga kapena utumiki m'tsogolo, komanso kufunika okwana zipangizo zawo. Ganizirani katundu, amene adzapereka zida zina (m'chumunicho, mlongoti, aeration, mpweya ndi zina zotero. D.). Ngati denga adzakhala anaika malo ena owonjezera, ndipo muiganizire kulemera.

malamulo mawerengedwe

Kuchita mawerengedwe a miyendo truss, motere katundu ziyenera kudziwa mtundu wa chuma, komanso malingaliro ambiri a dongosolo denga. Iwo akhoza inaimitsidwa kapena naslonnoy. Mbali yoyamba, ndi kudenga mfundo ziwiri, koma amene ali thandizo kwambiri. Izi amalenga mphamvu akuphulikira horizontally. Miyendo zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso agwire ntchito mu psinjika ndi kupinda. Kuchepetsa khama limeneli, ikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi wogwirizana mbendera zawo.

Naslonny kapangidwe mtundu applicable mu nyumba ndi sing'anga zimakhudza khoma kapena zogwiriziza wapakatikati, malekezero a omwe adjoin zipupa za kunja. Mtanda phazi nthawi yomweyo akuchita ntchito ya kupinda a. Pankhaniyi, mtengo wonse wa zinthu yafupika. Koma m'njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kokha kwa manyumba awo, omwe zogwiriziza ndi spaced osapitirira 6.5 m.

Asayansi komanso kuganizira mbali ya ndingaliro ya denga. Pa nthawi imeneyi, kuganizira zinthu zoonjezera za kachitidwe.

kutalika

mtanda kutalika amadziwikanso masamu malinga ndi mikhalidwe onse panopa opaleshoni denga la nyumba. Poyamba ayenera kudziwa kukula kwa nyumba yokha. Izi amaganizira onse zolosera, makumbi, attics, womwenso dongosolo yomanga.

Kuti mudziwe pa mawonekedwe ndi ngodya ya otsetsereka a. Komanso, zochokera deta analandira, anasankha mtanda kutalika. Childs, chithunzi ichi alibe upambana 6 m. Ichi ndi chifukwa standardization wa matabwa akugulitsa. Kugula zinthu zosiyanasiyana yaitali, kulipira yabwino kuchuluka kwa ndalama.

Ngati ndi kotheka, zinthu izi structural akuchuluka. Kufunika kudenga yaitali nthawi zina amapezeka mu kusinthika hipped, poluvalmovaya kapena zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso opendekera.

gawo

Pambuyo kuwerengetsa kutalika chofunika kudziwa mtanda gawo mtanda. Mtundu anakhudzidwa ndi zifukwa zingapo. zinthu zonse zikugwira ntchito yeniyeni padenga, adzakhala ndi phindu mu ndondomekoyi. katundu msinkhu, pamalo otsetsereka a denga, mtundu wa denga muyenera kuganizira posankha chigawo. Chinthu china chofunika ndi malo okwana zomangamanga, kasinthidwe ake. zinthu zambiri UDZAKHALA NDI CILIMBIKITSO pa ntchito yomanga, chigawo onse a kudenga ayenera anasankha.

Komanso musaiwale kuganizira zone makamaka nyengo. Nkofunika nthawi yomweyo kukonzekera mtundu wa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga kudenga. Nthawi zambiri, mitengo imeneyi. Ziyenera kukhala wabwino. Wood chinyezi chifukwa zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso ayenera kukhala 20-22%.

Masiku ano, pali zambiri wapadera mapulogalamu kuti amakulolani kuwerengera mtanda gawo la mtanda. Kupewa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito iwo. Koma ufulu yoyang'anira ntchito imeneyi akatswiri. Wotchuka kwambiri yachigawo kukula - 50 150 mm.

sitepe Kusinthaku

Mtanda phazi, kutalika kwa amene apeza malinga ndi mchitidwe kumanga wabwino, amafuna unsembe yoyenera. Izi zimafuna sitepe kuwerengera stacking wa zinthu izi structural.

Pankhaniyi, yofunika kwambiri ndi ankaimba ndi katundu, amene zinthu pamwamba pa denga. Bwino kusankha magawo kudenga mothandizidwa ndi matebulo wapadera, mukhoza kuwerengera stacking sitepe. Ndi gawo mulingo (50 150 mm) ndi kutalika 3 mamita mtunda pakati kudenga adzakhala 1 m.

Ngati mlingo katundu ali pamwamba, pamwamba pa chomwe chinkafunika izi yafupika. Zimenezi ndi zoona makamaka kwa denga slate. Pankhani ya zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso ndi muyezo gawo mtanda koma kutalika kwa 4-4.5 m, phula pakati zinthu structural yafupika 60 cm.

The otsetsereka a denga ndi zofunika kuwerengetsera nayenso. Mwachitsanzo, pamene otsetsereka a madigiri 45 zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso sitepe angafikire 120-140 cm. Koma vuto la imfa pafupi wambirimbiri mpweya, chithunzi ichi kusanduka 60-80 cm.

ogwiritsa zapansi

Mfundo mtanda tichipeza zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zikuphatikizapo bawuti, pachithandara ndi struts. Ndikofunikira chotenga mbali mu dongosolo la m'lifupi yaing'ono. Ngati inu simutero, dongosolo kenako truss akhoza sag. Choncho, Zikatero, kukhwimitsani ndi grille wapadera.

Miyendo kudenga, monga amadziwika, zochokera mauerlat. Mbali kudutsa m'lifupi kumanga kapena enclose chabe pansi zinthu kapangidwe. Ngati dongosolo matabwa truss, mauerlat zopangidwa zipika, kapena matabwa. Ichi ndi kutalika kwa chimango lapansi. Koma mu nyumba njerwa mauerlat anaika chamadzi padziko lamkati la mpanda. Momasuka therebetween kumatira wosanjikiza.

Unsembe wa denga ochiritsira

Mtanda phazi ndi mauerlat kuchita zinthu zofunika kwambiri kwa dongosolo lonse. Pa kulondola unsembe wawo zimatengera mtundu wa denga. Iwo akhoza kukwera mu njira ziwiri. Unsembe chokhwima kapena kutsetsereka. mitundu olondola anasankha malinga ndi mtundu wa dongosolo truss (naslonnaya, atapachikidwa).

Okhwima kuphatikana mtundu zipangitsa ndi kulephera kuyenda dongosolo la. Mu nkhani iyi, kudenga kupanga gashes. zinthu kapangidwe ndi kuliika ndi zomangira zitsulo, ngodya, waya kapena misomali yaitali.

Kutsetsereka kugwirizana amatchedwanso ndi chikatikati. Ngati mukufuna kuonetsetsa ufulu pogamula zinthu matabwa chimango pa, mtundu wa unsembe Ndi bwino. Pa kudenga kupanga kumwa ndi kukutetezani ndi misomali awiri mauerlat. Iwo kubaya obliquely. msomali wina anakhoma pamwamba.

Unsembe gambrel denga

Pa dongosolo hipped denga mwendo truss zambiri yaitali kuposa 6 m. Apa mphamvu chofunika kuchita. matabwa awiri truss n'kudzagona. Pankhaniyi, inu mukufuna kuti awalimbikitse. Ndondomeko imeneyi imaphatikizapo dongosolo la struts. Izi zoongoka umodzi, zomwe yomanga wayikidwa osati ndalama kuposa 2.

reinforcements izi zochokera akalowa wa matabwa. Iwo yakwera denga kapena pa kuwomba a. zinthu opendekera truss nthawi zonse yaitali kuposa wamba. Iwo zagonjetsedwa kwa katundu, amene nthawi 1.5 kwambiri kuposa masiku. Choncho, ndondomeko ndi phindu mu nkhani iyi imangokhala irreplaceable.

Popeza familiarized ndi zinthu monga truss phazi, aliyense womanga novice akhoza ingaloŵe ndondomeko pomanga denga. Kugwilizana ndi onse zizindikiro nyumba ndi malamulo , mungathe kukwaniritsa mkulu khalidwe kamangidwe.