Ragnit Castle ali kuti? Zosangalatsa ndi zithunzi

Malo omwe ali mbali ya Kaliningrad m'dera lamakono, nthawi zambiri anasintha eni awo. Pamene dera limeneli linali mbali ya Prussia, ndiye anali a Teutonic Order, Prussian Duchy, East Prussia, Ufumu wa Russia komanso Germany. Chifukwa cha mbiri yakale yotereyi, pali zojambula zamakono pafupi ndi Kaliningrad lero. Zina mwa izo, mungapeze zitsanzo zenizeni zenizeni za zomangamanga. Chitsanzo chabwino ndi nyumba ya Ragnit mu Neman.

Mbiri ya maziko a nsanja

Pafupifupi theka la zaka za m'ma 1200, pa webusaiti ya Neman yamakono ya m'chigawo cha Kaliningrad, kunali tawuni ya Ragnit yokhala ndi mpanda wolimba kwambiri wa Prussia. Mu 1277 chitsambacho chinagwetsedwa ndi nkhondo za Teutonic Order. Zaka zochepa pambuyo pake Landmaster Meinhard von Querfurth, amenenso amadziwika kuti mbale wa Menek, anafika m'mayiko owonongedwa. Ntchito yayikulu ya "watsopano" ndi anzake ndikutambasula malire a Chikhristu ndikukhala ndi chikhulupiriro chowona. Mu 1289, mchimwene wake wa Menek adakhazikitsa malo ake enieni pa malo omwe adawonongedwa kale. Nyumbayi inkatchedwa Landeskhut (yomasuliridwa ngati "chipewa"). Mwinamwake, linga limeneli linatchulidwa mwachindunji chifukwa linamangidwa pa phiri. Nthawizo zinali zovuta, ndipo mipandayo inkayenera kupirira maulendo a adani nthawi zambiri. Zochititsa chidwi: kale mu 1326 malo achitetezo amabwezeretsa dzina lake la mbiriyakale - kuyambira pano ndilo nyumba ya Ragnit.

Nkhondo yatsopano yokhala ndi dzina lakale

Mu 1356, nyumbayi inalinso yoonongeka kwambiri panthawi yomwe anthu a ku Lithuania anagonjetsedwa. Winrich von Knipprodem amamanganso malowa ndipo amalamulira kuti azikumba mozungulira dzenje ndi madzi. Mchitidwe wotetezawu suthandiza, ndipo patapita zaka 9 nyumba ya Ragnit inatenthedwa. Mu 1397 kumangidwa kwazitsulo zamwala kunayamba. Ndi nyumbayi yomwe yapulumuka mpaka lero. Malinga ndi dongosolo loyambirira, makomawo amapanga malo okongola kwambiri. Nyumba yaikulu inali ndi zitatu, mkatimo munali zipinda zamakono ndi zipinda, zipinda zamagetsi ndi zipinda zothandiza. Nyumba ya Ragnit - nyumbayi ndi yokongola kwambiri, yokongoletsedwa ndi zipata zotseguka ndi mawindo aakulu otetezedwa. Chokongola chenicheni cha zomangamanga ndi nsanja yotchinga, yomwe kutalika kwake kufika mamita pafupifupi 25. Nthano zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono za maulamuliro a pansi pa nthaka. Mpaka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XIX, nyumba ya Ragnit inasungidwa bwino. Pamene Teutonic Order idasindikizidwa, mtsogoleri wina anali kumalo otetezeka - a Hauptmann ndi mautumiki osiyanasiyana.

Chiyambi cha mapeto a nyengo yabwino

Chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lacisanu ndi chinayi, mu nkhono zakale, adasankha kukonza ndende. Mu 1825, adatsegulidwa ndikuvomerezedwa ndi ochimwa oyambirira. Komabe, bungwe la ndende siliyenera kukhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali m'maboma awa. Kale mu 1829 panali moto, ntchito yobwezeretsa yomwe inatha zaka pafupifupi khumi. Nyumba yobwezeretsedwa ya Ragnit m'dera la Kaliningrad inasamutsidwa ku khoti la mzinda ndi la chigawo. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi nyumbayo inasiyidwa ndipo inasiyidwa. Nyumba yachifumu yakale sinathamangire kugwa. Popanda kukonzanso nthawi zonse ndikukonzekera, ankasungidwa bwino. Okalamba a Neman akunena kuti mu nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse nkhondoyi inagunda mabomba. Zigobvundi zonse zimangowonongeka padenga ndipo sizinapangitse kuti nyumbayi iwonongeke. Nkhondoyo itatha, nthaŵi zina zokondweretsa zamzinda zinkachitika m'bwalo lamkati la nyumbayo, ndipo nyumba zina zosungirako bwino zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo osungiramo zinthu.

Kodi Ragnit Castle inasanduka bwanji mabwinja? Zochititsa chidwi kuchokera ku mbiri ya cinema ya Soviet

Ndizovuta kukhulupirira, koma malo achitetezo, omwe akhalapo kwa zaka mazana ambiri, adasandulika mabwinja mu nthawi yamtendere. Ndipo ngati zolemba zambiri zamakono za zomangamanga zimafa chifukwa cha kusowa kwabwino ndi kubwezeretsedwa, Ragnit anawonongedwa mwadala. Mu 1976, katswiri wina dzina lake Alexei Herman akuwombera m'malowa filimuyo "Masiku Twenty Twino Popanda Nkhondo". Lenfilm, yemwe anali ndi filimuyi, anachita zochitika zambirimbiri, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti chiwonongeko cha mbiri ya zomangamanga chiwonongeke. M'nthawi yathu ino ndi zovuta kumvetsa maganizo amenewa kwa chinthu chofunika kwambiri chakale. Nyumba yokongola ya Ragnit, yomwe mbiri yake yodzala ndi zochitika zowopsya ndi zonyansa, yasandulika mabwinja chifukwa cha gawo lachiwiri lachiwiri osati filimu yotchuka kwambiri. Mwachiwonekere, oyang'anira ankakonda lingaliro la Herman. Pambuyo pake, mafilimu awiri onena za nkhondo adaphedwa pamabwinja abwino kwambiri: "Msilikali ndi njovu" ndi "Ine ndine msirikali wa Russia".

Ragnit Castle m'masiku athu

Lero, chododometsa cha mbiri yakale chiri muchisoni. Maulendo otsogolera samatsogolera pano, popeza mabwinja amadziwika kuti ndi owopsa. Ndipo amamwali ambiri osadziwika amadza kudera la Kaliningrad kukawona Ragnit Castle ku Neman ndi maso awo. Kuchokera kumalo okongola kwambiri kwa masiku athu akusungidwa kokha makoma a nyumba yaikulu ndi nsanja yotchinga. Brickwork ikugwedezeka, mulibe zofunda mkati, kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka kumalamulira ponseponse. Komabe, ngakhale mu chikhalidwe ichi, linga limawoneka lokongola. Mukasankha pa ulendowu, onetsetsani kuti mumasankha nsapato zabwino ndi zovala.

Kodi pali chiyembekezo chilichonse chobwezeretsa?

Mzinda wa Neman ndi malo ochepa okha, koma ngakhale pali mabungwe omwe sali osasamala za chiwonetsero chachikulu cha komweko. Mu 1992, nsanja yotchinga inamangidwanso, ndipo mu 2002 - kusungirako kanyumba kamangidwe kake. Boma laderali ndi anthu amderalo amakhulupirira kuti kukopa kuyenera kusungidwa ndi kubwezeretsedwa. Mwinamwake, kamodzi kokha m'mabwalo okopa alendo adzawonekera Nyumba ya Ragnit (Kaliningrad dera). Mpaka pano, palibe chidziwitso cha boma kumayambiriro kwa kumangidwanso. Kuyambira mu 2010, chizindikirochi chili mu Dipatimenti ya Russian Orthodox Church.