Reed dziko: photos, kulongosola. masamba a m'tchire

Osatha therere Calamagrostis epigeios, mu Russian otchedwa bango dziko, ndithu bwino kuti aliyense European, kukhala m'dera la kotentha. zilumba wandiweyani makutu furry zambiri mu meadows ndi nkhalango. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito horticulture yokongola ndi maluwa yokongola, imatchedwanso ena mankhwala a zomera. Pa nthawi yomweyo, bango - udzu, zoipa hampering ndondomeko ya kusinthika achilengedwe.

Monga angatchedwe bango dziko

The Latin mtundu dzina la zomera amachokera ku mawu awiri a Chigriki: "Calamos" ndi "Agrostis" omwe anamasuliridwa kuti "bango" ndi "wopindidwa". Mu ntchito sayansi ndipo yafika kuyamika Dioscorides, akale zachilengedwe Greek ndi madokotala asilikali.

Dziko anthu bango zambiri amatchedwa voynykom, belotravom, zharovtsom, nkhalango tsache kapena Metlik, kunishnikom, kutochnikom, ocheret, chertyankoy, pozharnitsey, perepolevitsey, suholomom, chapolotyu, chapugoy, chapolitsey steppe, myshe, bedi udzu, sosinkoy.

Kuwonjezera bango pansi, pali mitundu ina ya bango (ostrotsvetny, mzimbe, grayish, wothinikizidwa) komanso ambiri chikhalidwe.

Reed dziko: Kufotokozera

Ichi ndi chomera osatha kutalika kwa masentimita 80 150-160, kunena za banja la udzu. Iwo amakhala ndi nthawi, zokwawa n'zochepa wakuda yopingasa pomwepo kenaka. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ngakhale pamene razmelchonnym, koma kukhalabe amoyo impso chitsa angathe kupatsa moyo kwa mtengo watsopano.

Reed ikuvutitsabe lapadziko amphamvu ndi molunjika, zamwano, ndi awiri mfundo ambiri spaced. Leaf masamba imvi wobiriwira mtundu, mwina athyathyathya ndipo m'lifupi (10 mm) ndi yopapatiza kapena constricted.

Inflorescence bango - wandiweyani fluffy panicle kutalika 20-30 masentimita, wopangidwa mwa kuchuluka kwa makutu. Spikelets zambiri pakati millimeters zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri yaitali, Kamaoneka kapena wofiirira, anasonkhana mitolo wandiweyani. Glumes pakati pa zayamba ofanana. Tsitsi pansi maluwa, kutalika ndi pafupifupi nthawi kuposa otsiriza. Yodziwika ndi kupanda spikelets achikalekale.

Limamasula zonse m'chilimwe bango udzu dziko m'mawa, fruiting mu August - September. zipatso zake ndi elongated weevil, iye agwa pansi ndi mamba Zamaluwa.

M'dera la yogawa

Calamagrostis nthaka ambiri m'madera ambiri a ku Ulaya ndi ku Asiya, ambiri mwa malo achilengedwe a nyengo gulu zolimbitsa. Umapezeka m'maiko ena monga chomera anayambitsa.

Kuchuluka kwa kukula mu gawo European wa USSR akale, madera a kum'mwera kwa Western ndi kum'mawa Siberia, ndi Caucasus, kumwela kwa Asia, Central Asia, ku Crimea.

zomera amakhala advantageously wosanganiza ndi coniferous nkhalango kachulukidwe zolimbitsa, madambo youma, chigumula zigwa. Izo wakonda mchenga bwino chatsanulidwa nthaka, komanso amapezeka mu tchire achinyezi komanso madambo boggy. Iye amakonda kuwala. Iwo amalola amenewa. Mu malo ya kugwetsa nkhalango ndi malo yopsereza zambiri kupanga m'nkhalango zowirira za bango dziko.

Mu mapangidwe chivundikiro udzu pamodzi ndi bango dziko zambiri chogwidwa ndi msana chimphona, bedi udzu, mitundu ina ya bluegrass ndi zitsamba zina zakutchire.

mankhwala

mankhwala amagwiritsa mizu ndi zanthete za mbewu monga mankhwala a. Kulowetsedwa wa iwo akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ngati mankhwala kwa kutupa. Saponin bango kukolola m'dzinja mochedwa kapena kasupe oyambirira. Mizu ndi mphukira ayenera rinsed ndi madzi ozizira ndi ndiye zouma panja mu mthunzi.

Msuzi ku bango pansi rhizomes diuretic kanthu ndi ntchito ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zochepetsera chiwerengero cha matenda a njira ya mkodzo thirakiti chifukwa cha matenda.

Kukonzekera msuzi motere: Khumi - magalamu khumi ndi chuma youma ayenera lembani galasi imodzi ya madzi. Bweretsani kuwira ndi wiritsani kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu. Kenako, msuzi ayenera ozizira komanso kukhetsa. The mlingo kwa phwando - supuni imodzi mobwerezabwereza katatu kapena kanayi pa tsiku.

zothandiza khalidwe

Kuwonjezera pa katundu wina achire, bango Ground lili ndi zinthu zina zothandiza. Iye ali chitsa yaitali kwambiri, "wamphamvu" ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri. Chifukwa ichi, therere izi kawirikawiri mwapadera afesedwa kumeneko, kumene panafunika kulimbikitsa nthaka mchenga - pa embankments zosiyanasiyana ndi lotayako migodi.

Nthawi zambiri chikhalidwe mwapadera chakula minda monga zomera yokongola, monga mchitidwe malo chilolezo gawo. Calamagrostis holodoustoychiv kwambiri, ngati n'koyenera, akhoza yaitali waterlogging. Pa nkhani imeneyi, ikhala yokongola pamaso frosts yozizira. Pogona m'nyengo yozizira ndi zofunika.

Dulani makutu bango dziko - wokongola wodzipangitsa yozizira bouquets wa maluwa zouma ndi zitsamba.

Yokhala, bango imatengedwa chakudya udzu, koma msipu iye afika mediocre kwambiri khalidwe.

Tchulani zimenezi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati feedstock kwa papermaking.

Vuto m'nkhalango

Mtundu wa bango - chomera ankakwiya. Kamodzi nyimbo pa dambo, iye mofulumira m'malo ena ambiri kukula pa munda izo udzu. Populating kudula mwatsopano ndi moto, ndipamene mu malo awa ali wandiweyani thengo, zikhale zovuta kubwezeretsa nkhalango. Chifukwa cha iye, iye anapha osati kudzikonda seeding ndi malowo, koma ngakhale anthu amene mitengo achinyamata omwe anakwaniritsa kale zaka ndithu ndi kutalika.

Reed m'nkhalango zimathandiza amphamvu kwambiri nthaka desiccation. Iwo kulepheretsa kwambiri malowedwe mu chinyezi ake akugwa mu mawonekedwe a mpweya. Pamwamba pa zouma zimayambira ya zomera kwa nthawi yaitali ankasunga wofuka chisanu, potero zikubweretsa waterlogging ndi kuchotsa kudziletsa seeding ndi mbewu zina. Komanso, m'madera nkhalango yokutidwa bango mphamvu amaundana pa otsika kutentha yozungulira. Mu ziyangoyango ake momasuka kawetedwe mbewa ndi tizirombo tina. Youma bango zimayambira Poonjezera kwakukulu chiopsezo moto. Zimenezi zimabweretsa chakuti malo ndi udzu bango kuuluka kumenyana monga udzu ndi.