Religion mu Finland: waukulu mumaganiza achipembedzo

Chinthu choyamba chimene limagwira diso mu Finland, choncho kwambiri cha mipingo. Ngakhale m'mudzi waung'ono ali mpingo yake. Ndipo kodi chipembedzo cha Finland? Izi ndikuuzani nkhani yathu. Ngati mukufuna zosamukira kumeneko, mwina za funso lakuti: kodi anatani ntchito yanu achipembedzo oyandikana latsopano? Ife tifulumire N'zolimbikitsa. Finns zambiri zimapirira kwambiri ndi omvetsetsa. iwo sitinganene kuti otentheka mwakhama.

Ziwerengero amapereka deta zokhumudwitsa. Chaka ndi chaka, achikunja amakhala akuluakulu. Ndipo anthu pa kafukufukuyu amanena okhulupirira kubwera ku tchalitchi kokha pa maholide lalikulu - za katatu pa chaka. Komabe, mipingo ina achikhristu sanasiyane ndi boma ndipo kumeneko ku bajeti. Kodi mpingo? Inu kuphunzira kuchokera m'nkhaniyi.

Chifinishi chikunja

Ancient mipatuko kukufotokozedwa mwangwiro mu epic dziko "Kalevala". Monga mafuko ena a ku Ulaya Northern, ndi Finns yaitali akunja. Nyengo nkhanza chinathandiza kuti anthu amene sanali kudziwa chiyambi cha anthu kapena zochitika zina zachilengedwe, anayamba deify nyengo. Patapita nthawi yaitali wa kusamuka kwa mphalapala ndi nsomba nsomba kudalira kupulumuka wa fuko lonse.

Chipembedzo loyamba la Finland amaganiza za chiyambi cha dziko ku dzira la mbalame lanthano. Idagwa m'madzi, ndi dziko lapansi unapangidwa. Pakati pa malo a dzira ndi North Star anatambasula olamulira a dziko. Pamene imazungulira pamodzi kumwamba, n'kupanga whirlpool wa Kinahmi, amene anawamasulira amatanthauza "Mchombo wa kunyanja". Kudzera mumphangayo miyoyo imeneyi kwa akufa, anakhulupirira mwa Finns wakale, iwo zimatumizidwa kwa moyo wina pambuyo ufumu Tuonelu. Moyo unali ngati pali padziko lapansi. Ndipo chifukwa womwalirayo anaikidwa m'manda a zida, katundu ndi zodzikongoletsera.

milungu

Ngati chikunja uliwonse, chipembedzo wakale wa Finland ankaganiza yambiri. Gods kulamulira zinthu - bingu, mikuntho, mphepo. Predominated mu Chifinishi gulu Ukko. Iye ankaona mwini kumwamba ndi bingu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Finns ankakhulupirira za utatu wa moyo. Zochitika za izo zinali osadalira pa wina ndi mzake. "Henk" ndi moyo. Iye anali gawo la thupi ngakhale asanabadwe mwana, Kankhani woyamba m'mimba. A kumanzere Henk munthu ndi mpweya.

"Luonto" - wanzeru wa munthu, luntha lake, talente. Ndipo potsiriza, "itse" - ndi chikumbumtima anthu. Zinthu ziwiri zapitazi akhoza kusiya thupi la munthu, ndipo pochita zimenezi iye sanafe. Koma ajombera yaitali zotsatira thanzi. Popanda anthu luonto kusiya zizolowezi anakhala limp, ndipo popanda itse amadwala matenda. Thandizeni kubwerera zinthu izi ziwiri amatsenga amene ankalambira matsenga. asing'anga Awa "ochititsa" pakati pa maiko amoyo ndi makolo akufa.

uvangeli Finland

Pafupifupi 1000 kuchigawo amakuonani mafuko atatu:

• Suomi (kapena kusiya Finns). Iwo lokhalamo kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa dziko.
• Tavastia. anthu awa anakakhala pakati ndiponso kum'mawa zigawo derali.
• Karels. Mtundu wakafika kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa nyanja ya Ladoga.

Koma m'mitundu yonse atatu anakhalabe zachikunja. Milungu ikuluikulu iwo adali ofanana, koma akulemekezedwa ndi makonsolo mizimu. Chikhristu anabwera Finland pamodzi ndi ankhondo Swedish. Mu 1155, Korol Erik Lachisanu n'chinayi atalanda dera, pofuna kupewa kuwonjezeka m'dziko la Veliky Novgorod. Pa nthawi yomweyo mpingo woyamba wachikhristu mu Nousiainen ndi kukhazikika bishopu inamangidwa. Koma ngati latsopano nasazhivalas chipembedzo mphamvu, ndi Kanyaniko koyamba kwa Mpingo, Henry wa Uppsala, anaphedwa mwa amwenyewa. Koma uvangeli Gawo akupitiriza, ndi mbali ziwiri. Kumadzulo, asilikali a Sweden kuti akuyendera nthambi Roma wa Chikhristu, ndipo Karelia anatenga chikhulupiriro Greek, ziphunzitso.

Lutheran

Pamaso pa nthawi ya Reformation Chikatolika ku Finland anali chipembedzo choposa zipembedzo yekha. Malinga ndi mwambo German a "Kodi mkulu - chikhulupiriro," ndi Swedish mfumu Gustav mu 1536 analamula anthu ake onse kuti apite ku Lutheran. Akatolika amene ankalambira papa pontifi chinaoneka ngati oukira. A mpingo wa Chilutera lotsogoledwa ndi Mfumu ya Sweden yekha. Malinga ndi malamulo a chipembedzo chatsopano, Malemba Oyera amasuliridwe m'zinenero dziko, kuphatikizapo Chifinishi. Anthu amenewa ayenera Suomi Mikael Agricola (m'ma m'ma 16). Pa nthawi yomweyo, dera la kum'mawa la Finland ndi mwachangu poyera kuti chikoka cha Orthodox. Mwa izi Karelian kulengeza moyo wodzimana woyera monga Sergy Valaamsky Trifonov Pechenegsky ndi Feodorit Kola.

Lutheran: mosiyana Orthodoxy

Zipembedzo onse ali Mkhristu, timakhulupirira mwa Mulungu mmodzi ndi kulambira Yesu monga Mesiya ndi Mzimu Woyera amatipatsa chisomo. Komabe, Lutheran amapereka patsogolo Lemba - .. Baibulo, Uthenga, etc. Mu Orthodoxy analemekeza pamwamba mwambo zonse zampingo. The Catholic ndi Orthodox Church amamangirira wofunika kwambiri kwa akuluakulu a oyera, zithunzi, malo opatulika.

Nthambi ya Chiprotestanti, Lutheran, mosiyana ndi ziphunzitso amakhulupirira kuti mkhalapakati yekha ndi Mtetezi wa anthu a Mulungu ndi Khristu. Zojambula pa mitu achipembedzo si tiakachisi ndi mafanizo lemba la malemba. Ngakhale mapemphero a oyera, kapena kulambira zinthu zakale ndi mafupa sizikupanga chanzeru. ntchito Chikumbutso komanso musataye chilichonse akufa - chifukwa inu simungathe Mulungu kusintha zochita pa tsoka akamwalira ndi akuyatsa makandulo ndi amalonda. Komabe, pa Lutheran ndi Orthodox ndi mfundo wamba. Zipembedzo onse ulemu ndi masakramenti a ubatizo mgonero.

walola

Mpaka kumapeto kwa nzika XIX m'ma Chifinishi ankaloledwa a Lutheran. Koma ngati kum'mawa kwa dera linali pansi wamkulu chikoka chikhalidwe cha Russia, Karelia ndi amene anakhazikika amalonda Ayuda ankaloledwa m'chipembedzo cha Chiyuda ndi Chikhristu Greek nyemba. Mu 1889 lamulo zapita, chimene nzika akanakhoza kutenga njira zina Protestant Chikhristu. Iwo akhoza kukhala Adventists, Achipentekoste, Calvin, Abaptisti, Amethodisti, ndi D. zotero. Ndipo anali yekha analola mu 1923 kuchita momasuka mpatuko uliwonse, ndi moyo popanda chipembedzo chirichonse.

Islam anaonekera mu gawo kum'mawa kwa dzikoli pa kugonjetsa Russian ndi anakakhala Karelia Muslim asilikali. Tsopano anthu am'dera chipembedzo ili kukula mofulumira chiwerengero chifukwa ochokera mayiko a East. Koma Finland anatchuka chifukwa cha kulolerana achipembedzo. Chisilamu, Chiyuda ndi Chikhristu ndi nthambi zosiyanasiyana (Chikatolika, ziphunzitso ndi Chiprotestanti) pamodzi mwamtendere.

adakhazikitsa mpingo

Komabe Lutheran ndi chipembedzo choposa zipembedzo mu Finland. Mpingo uwu zimachokera ku bajeti boma, ndi anthu onse, kaya akhale a chipembedzo chawo, kuti msonkho pa wokhutira. Pa nthawi yomweyo amati Lutheran peresenti zosakwana 80 alionse. Mpingo wachiwiri kukula kwa Finland ndi Bishopu wamkulu wa Constantinople Orthodox. Mpingo uwu Orthodox komanso kugwa boma ndalama bajeti. Pali mu dziko ndi madera ena, kuphatikizapo tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox. Koma alipo likuvutika kudziletsa ndalama. Popanda boma kugulitsidwa ndi Akatolika, Asilamu, Ayuda ndi nthambi zina za Chiprotestanti.