Reserve "Big Kokshaga" - dziko chipululu

Ikulu wobiriwira ndi chete dera malo zilipo ndipo anamuuza dziko lonse amoyo, kuteteza ubwenzi ndiponso alendo awo.

World zosungika chikhalidwe - otetezedwa "Big Kokshaga"

Top m'dera "Big Kokshaga" zikuwoneka ngati wosatha pamphasa wobiriwira, stitched convolutions mitsinje (monga wangwiro ulusi wabuluu), interspersed ndi nyanja wothwanima. Apa nkhalango zowirira yaikulu interspersed ndi zithaphwi komanso madambo.

Korona mitengo lopotana paini m'malo mwa mdima mitengo ya paini ndi wofatsa birches wochepa. Pali m'mphepete izi ndi zina dzina wokongola - Nkhalango Zavolzhe.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe, mbali Hrs

Mu 1993, p. Volga Mtsinje (kumanzere tributary) analengedwa ndi boma Nature Reserve "Big Kokshaga" dziko dera mahekitala 21,4 Malowa ali pamtunda wa makilomita 40 kumadzulo likulu la Mari El (Yoshkar-Ola) mu Kilemarsky ndi Medvedev malo. Zisanachitike, Mari El Mari anali otetezedwa. Komabe, adzanyekeratu mu 1972 mu otentha yotentha.
Cholinga kulenga zone kutetezedwa - kuteteza nkhalango malire pakati pa nayonso kum'mwera ndi nkhalango deciduous.

m'gawo akuimira zigwa (mtsinje ndi glaciolacustrine). The chimbuzi cha dziko - 132,2 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja.

Okwana pali mtsinje Big Kokshaga ndi za 20 Mitsinje.
M'dera kusamala ili 3 nyanja - Kosheer, Kapsino ndi Shusher. Yotsirizira - yaikulu. Mu mawonekedwe, ndi galasi chowulungika ndiponso kutalika 1250 m, m'lifupi mamita 600. Nyanjayi ndi tatikulu (15 m), magwero karst. Anadzazidwa madzi mtsinje pa vutoli masika.

The nyengo ya amtengo chokhala, ndi yotenthera mwachilungamo otentha ndipo nyengo ofunda ndi frosts amphamvu.

Ambiri Kokshaga mtsinje, nkhalango

Ambiri Kokshaga - mtsinje waukulu wa dziko, umene uli kumanzere tributary la mtsinje. Volga. Iwo mitanda dera la malo mu gawo lalikulu chapakati izo.

The mtsinje, amene walandira dzina ndi chikhalidwe malo, madzi mtsempha wamagazi waukulu.
Pa zikusonyeza simargedo maziko madzi m'mphepete mwake limatuluka ndi mitengo otchuka - kukongola ndi kunyada kwa malo a.

Wapadera floodplain nkhalango thundu ndi gulu zisathe. Apa pali akale, inu mukhoza kudziwa za mitengo wakale, ndi zanthete.

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" Amakhala makamaka nkhalango, agwilitse malo ochuluka - 95% za gawolo. Nkhalango osakhala paini, amene kukula mwachibadwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Achiwiri kukula ndi birch. Iwo kamodzi anaonekera pa odulidwa munda kapena kuwotchedwa mu moto wa m'nkhalango, ndiye iwo ali sekondale.

Izi nayonso mawonekedwe malo izi spruce, agwilitse 7.5% ya malo ndi kukhala ndithu mitengo wodetsedwa yolimba (Aspen, birch, linden).

Iwo makamaka inali ku zigwa za mitsinje kumpoto cha m'dera limeneli.

The zosiyanasiyana nyama ndi zomera

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" lili m'nkhalango zake, meadows ndi m'madambo 700 mitundu ya zomera, woimira pafupifupi theka la okwana zilipo mu Republic of Mari El.

The yaikulu wamba lowland dambo yokutidwa ndi birch ndi alder. Pa mbali yaing'ono ya meadows floodplain ili.

nkhalango Pine muli ndere ndi lichens. Palinso anapeza 200 mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya algae, lichens pafupifupi 250 mitundu. The rarest - Tsetrariya Laurer, Lobar m'mapapo mwanga ndi usnea ukufalikira.

Koma pali zambiri bowa wamba mozungulira malo, ndi gawo nawapeza mitundu yosowa kwambiri: Osinovik woyera, Hericium staghorn ndi ena.

Childs malo nkhalango zinyama ukufanizidwa ndi ntchito zotsatirazi: mbawala ambiri, kalulu, mapuloteni, nkhumba. Iwo amakhala apa ndi carnivores: marten, polecat, ermine, nthawi zina bulauni chimbalangondo ndi nkhandwe.

Mbalame anapereka grouse, grouse, cranes imvi, herons, Kadzidzi, hawks ndi ena ambiri. Ndi zina zotero. Iwo amakhala apa ndi mbalame za Red Book: peregrine kabawi, wakuda dokowe, osprey, njoka mphungu.

wolemera kwambiri mphatso zodabwitsa za chilengedwe malo. "Ambiri Kokshaga" amateteza ndipo amatisunga malo a mitundu yambiri zayamba zomera. Iwo epipogium leafless, Dactylorhiza Baltic ndi mitundu yoposa 11 maluwa a kumpoto modabwitsa wokongola. The view wotchuka mu Republic - slipper wokongola yamunthu. Popeza kumera wa mbewu za mbewu yodabwitsa pamaso maluwa kumachitika kwa zaka 17!

Osowa zomera wakale

Cloudberry limakula squat mu dziko yekha m'dera limeneli. zomera limakula kwa zaka ayezi. Amadziwika kuti amakonda mabulosi lalikulu Russian ndakatulo Alexander Pushkin.

nthumwi ina ya zomera wamkulu Chilim chikuyandama (kapena Water mgoza), amene amakhala ofunda Shusher nyanja.

"Ambiri Kokshaga" - malo chikhalidwe. Iwo anasunga toyesa wakale zomera.

Mtundu ambiri osowa ya malo (zake) - popula (kapena Populus nigra), opezeka floodplain mtsinje wa Big Kokshaga. Pali zina zambiri zomera kutchulidwa Red Book: sceptridium multifidum, mkandankhuku, Lycopodium-Baranez, Sundew dlinnolistaya (mbewu chilombo) ndi Dianthus Superbus.

otetezedwa ndi ofunika kwambiri chifukwa chikhalidwe mu malo akufotokozera ndi malamulo ake, popanda munthu aliyense. Komanso, phindu ichi kumawonjezera ndi zaka.

Kuthokoza nkhokwe patapita nthawi zina za nthawi, pamene nkhalango akale udulidwa zayamba, izo adzatha kuyerekeza ndi kuona mmene anthu ndi chitukuko mukopedwe chikhalidwe modziwika pristine ndi zimene zikanatha popanda chikoka pa izo.