RPK-74. Kalashnikov makina mfuti (RPK) - 74: makhalidwe. chithunzi

Chidani, amene anayamba titangotsala pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, anakankha Soviet Union kupitiriza kukula tima ya umisiri wotsogola ndiponso zida. A odziwika kudziona anaphunzitsa mlengi, Mikhail Kalashnikov wakhala chamankhwala chodalirika ndi kudzoza chachikulu atulukira onse m'tsogolo m'munda wa zankhondo. Mwa zinthu zimene analenga RPK-74 ndi malo a ulemu, pamodzi ndi AK-74, carbine "Saiga" ndi RPKS.

Zida zing'onozing'ono ku Russia

Mfuti ndipo revolvers choyamba anaonekera m'zaka 14. Koma chitukuko wapadera wa manja kakang'ono mozungulira dziko analandira pachiyambi cha m'ma 19. Iyo inali nthawi yoyamba panali ng'oma flammable kapisozi onsewo ng'oma ndi rifled mbiya.

Dziwani kuti patsogolo ulimi mu Russia, tiona ntchito chinenero anapanga zida. Makamaka otchuka anali zosiyanasiyana revolvers ndi mfuti. Mu utumiki gendarmerie, apolisi ndipo ngakhale asilikali inkakhala British ndi American revolvers "Veblen" ndi "Smith & Wesson". The zogulitsa ufulu kwa anthu ndinalandira revolvers "Sagittarius" - Russian analogue a English "Velo-Dog". Komanso anali wotchuka m'banja zinthu monga "Skif", "Munthu", "Hero", "Antey" ndi "Ermak". Izi ang'onoang'ono Russian mikono pafupifupi ayi wolephera analogues yachilendo.

Ndipo mu 1895, chifukwa cha lamulo la Nicholas II lalandiridwa French mfuti. Pankhaniyi, akuluakulu a anagulidwa chitsanzo ndi limagwirira wapawiri zochita, pamene asilikali anagwiritsa ntchito mfuti umodzi.

Mfuti ntchito pa World Chachiwiri

Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse anaphunzitsa dziko mfundo zambiri zofunika, kuphatikizapo mtundu manja. Ambiri ntchito pa nthawi chitsanzo cha manja yaing'ono ntchito ndi magulu osiyanasiyana ndipo tsopano.

Choncho, asilikali Russian anapatsidwa akweza dongosolo mfuti Mosin ndi Tokarev amene amadziwa zida kwambiri ophweka ndi odalirika. Polimbana ndi zida lolemera ntchito ndi PKK akalambula 74 - 41 PTRD (antitank mfuti), PD (kuwala makina mfuti) ndi boma-makina mfuti Degtyarev kapena Shpagin. Amagwiritsidwanso chimagwiritsidwa ntchito PPP ndi Tokarev mfuti.

zida zonse yodziwika ndi kuphweka ntchito, kudalirika ndi khalidwe la kuwombera. Ndendende chifukwa cha pakadali ichi ndi wamagazi nkhondo adagonja. Kuwombera osiyanasiyana ngakhale odana ndi makope anali mamita oposa 300, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kulimbana ndi mdani kutali.

Kalashnikov - ndi mapulogalamu atongi wa Union pambuyo nkhondo Soviet

Izi mlengi kudziona anaphunzitsa ndi chodabwitsa cha anthu Russian, amene, wopanda maphunziro oyenera, iye anayambitsa pantchito yabwino monga injiniya. Mikhail Kalashnikov anayamba kugwira ntchito pa mafakitale, ndi kwa gulu lankhondo ndi zofuna zake. Kenako iye analibe chidwi ndi yaing'ono zida Russian ntchito ndi asilikali. Komabe, pambuyo kuitana kwa nkhondo mu 1938, mwadzidzidzi wadziulula monga zatsopano lapansi. Kalashnikov anapitiriza nkhondo kwawo.

Only atatha ovulala Mikhail Kalashnikov anali azikaphunzira. Pali ndi chionetsero cha kupambana kwa Kalashnikov monga mlengi luso. Kale mu 1946 analenga lodziwika bwino AK-47, amene adakali ndi kuchititsa kuti ulemu wautali kwambiri ndi nsanje ya dziko.

Pa nthawi yonse ndipo kwambiri zipatso, Michael T. analenga zitsanzo 33 a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida, kuphatikizapo PKK 74, AKC-74, RPKS-74, etc. Komanso walemba woposa makumi anayi zokhudza sayansi ndi nkhani, ndipo wakhala choyenera membala wa Union of Writers mabuku, kukumbukira.

Chinthu choyamba pa citukuko ca PKK-74

Zonse zinayamba kubwerera mu 1942, pamene anakhala ntchito popanga zida zawo zovuta, kulola kulimbana pa mtunda wa zoposa 400 m. The zipolopolo woyamba analengedwa zojambula chilengedwe Elizarova ndi Semin pamaso pa lamulo la asilikali. Chitsanzo choyamba chinali ntchito kutsogolera pakati chipolopolo masekeli 8 ga, ndipo akufanana ndi 7,62 mm. Iwo anali ndi kukula amenewa zinakonzedwa kukhala chida champhamvu komanso zothandiza.

Patangotha miyezi yochepa komiti yapadera wasankha latsopano makina mlengi Sudaeva (RPK-74 kalambulabwalo). inventor Izi analenga ya zitsanzo zida zothandiza ndi kuwala, chifukwa omwe kwambiri bwino khalidwe la chinkhoswe. The makina atsopano walandira malamulo dzina AC 44. Komabe, m'munda asilikali kudziyesa zida zimenezi anakanidwa chifukwa cha kulemera ndithu kukonza. Kumayambiriro kwa 1946, mayesero opikisana anapitiriza.

Mbiri ya RPK-74

Mu kumenyera ufulu Championship mu mtundu uwu wa mpikisano nawo ndi Mikhail Kalashnikov. Iye anali pa nthawi imeneyo kale zina zambiri chitukuko cha kudzikonda potsegula mfuti. Kumva za ntchito kupanga makina atsopano, iye anayamba Baibulo lake.

Patapita nthawi ya Kalashnikov AK 46 anayambitsa. Iye anali basi monga munalenga kale kudziletsa potsegula mfuti, ofanana American Garand M1. Komabe, mayeso mpikisano makina zidapatsa zikuchitika Bulkin ndi Dementieva.

Pambuyo kulephera kwa Michael T. pamodzi ndi Zaitsev bwino chitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha mitundu bwino. Choncho kuti inamangidwa ndi lodziwika bwino AK 47, ndiyeno PKK mu 1961, amene anayamba kupanga pamaziko a Buku makina mfuti Kalashnikov RPK-74. Iye anali woti ntchito mdani oyenda.

chipangizo RPK-74

Kupanga mfuti ya makina, Kalashnikov ntchito kuti azipeza osalimba a chowomberedwa ndi mfuti bwino kuphimba mayunitsi awo ankhondo. Choncho, lamulo limeneli mwachindunji zikupezeka mu dongosolo kwambiri chitsanzo.

Nthawi zambiri, chipangizo RPK-74 si wosiyana kwambiri akalambula ake. M'malo mwake, lowonjezera ndi mbali zambiri zamakono. Machine idzafotokoza angapo chachikulu. Pakati pawo, thunthu ndi bokosi ndi wapadera bawuti chonyamulira mpweya pisitoni kubwerera limagwirira ndi valavu, gasi chubu, forearm, shopu ndi ramrod, ndi kung'anima suppressor. zinthu zonse ndi zofanana ndi zimene zitsanzo zofanana.

Amodzi mbiya pang'ono yaitali komanso wolemera kuposa AK-74. Special kungomanga bipod wokwera pansi. Sami zowoneka ndi mwayi kulowa zosiyanasiyana kuchimwa uphungu. Akuwombera Machine RPK-74 kuchokera nyemba ndi kwa ng'oma sitolo. Pa nthawi yomweyo chifukwa yafupika nthawi molondola chipolopolo kuwombera bwino ndi chinthu cha 1.5 poyerekeza Mabaibulo kale.

makhalidwe luso

Patsogolo ndi chitukuko cha zida adamfunsa zida bwino ntchito mwa kulemera likuomba osiyanasiyana ndi olondola. Choncho, mlengi anayesa kudzapeza ndi konza chitsanzo otukuka.

Mu nkhokwe zake mfuti ya makina a Kalashnikov RPK-74 yagwiritsa ntchito makatiriji wa likungosonyeza 5,45 mm. Mlingo wa moto 600 zipolopolo miniti iliyonse. Wapakati ima pamzere kutalika ndi 5-7 volleys. Mwaukadaulo anapereka ndalama nkhondowo a zipolopolo 150 pa mphindi imodzi. Zolakwika ndi mfuti zingakhale za masentimita 5 mpaka 40 (malingana ndi mtunda ndi chandamale). Mphamvu muyezo magazini ndi zipolopolo 45.

Zipangizo osiyanasiyana chitsanzo -. About 1000 mamita Kugwiritsa moto ndi pa mtunda wa mamita 300 pa ubongo mpaka 800 mamita pa chithunzi akuthamanga. Pankhaniyi, osiyanasiyana pazipita chipolopolo ndi za 3150 m.

Chinthu chapadera cha zimenezi ndi wotsika kulemera - makina mfuti ndi yodzaza ndi magazini akulemera makilogalamu 5,46, ndi kuwombera malo pamodzi ndi kupenya - makilogalamu 7,66.

zosintha Major

Mu USSR, nthawi zonse kuganizira zosiyanasiyana zinthu kuwombera. Choncho airsoft RPK-74 limakupatsani ntchito pamaso wapadera ntchito bwino usana ndi usiku. The moto angathe kuchitikira onse osakwatira ndi mode ndi zodziwikiratu. Izi akhoza kwambiri kumapangitsanso azitha PKK.

Komanso, mu zaka kubwera pamaziko a chitsanzo ichi, latsopano, makina zosavuta zokha:

• RPK-74N. Izi ndi apadera chitsanzo Zipangizo usiku kuwombera. Mu mamangidwe ake anazindikira kuti n'zotheka khazikitsa ndi bokosibode kuwala. Komanso analenga PKK ndi PKK-74P-74M - akweza ndi kumakula wolandila, lopinda katundu ndi mbiya kuchuluka gwero.
• RPKS-74. chitsanzo ichi anapangidwa yekha ankafika Airborne. Pali yagwiridwira luso pindani ndi zikuchitikazo chogwirira cha mfuti. Pakuti aiming ndi kuwombera usiku chikalata RPKS-74P ndi RPKS-74N.
• RPK 201 ndi RPK-203. mungachite izi cholinga mwachindunji katundu kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makatiriji.

Anzawo yachilendo

Machine mfuti, anayamba ndi Russian mlengi wa Kalashnikov, akadali mu utumiki ndi mayiko oposa makumi awiri padziko lonse. Ena States pamaziko a makina zokambidwa Kutulukira awo. Mwachitsanzo, mu Yugoslavia kusintha kumasulidwa Kalashnikov makina mfuti la mtundu wina wapadera kunyamula sitolo ndi kusamalira (chitsanzo 77V1) komanso zosinthika ndi zipsepse mbiya (72V1).

Patapita ku Poland kuti nayenso zinalengedwa ndi wapadera mfuti kuipanikiza chipangizo ndi katundu lopinda zochokera RPK-74. Khalidwe la chitsanzo ichi amalola kuti ndi pang'ono wolephera chitsanzo. Mu Czechoslovakia komanso kusintha makina imeneyi.

Autorun "Valmet 78" linatuluka mu Finland, pafupifupi mwathunthu akubwereza kapangidwe ka pulani Kalashnikov. kusiyana ndi mu kusinthidwa mawonekedwe ndi sitolo katundu, chipangizo bipod, mkono ndi dzanja. Komanso mwapadera lawi arrester ali pano.

Ubwino lachitsanzo

Nthawi zina zida, komanso zinthu zina zambiri zimene safuna kufotokoza ubwino onse ndi mwayi. Nthawi ndi mchitidwe amaika chirichonse mu malo ake. Mfuti RPK-74 wadutsa mayesero onse zotheka ndipo wakhala losadziwika. Makamu a mayiko ambiri akhala yokhulupirika ndi indispensability nkhondo. Komanso Dziwani ena mbali kanukanu kuti achititsa kuti kukula mu kutchuka mfuti ili:

• Complete yogwirizanitsa ndi zofunika AK-47. Boma Soviet anafuna mwa okonza kulenga wapadera dongosolo chida, womwe ndi mbali zonse za Kugwirizana ndi m'malo. Mwachitsanzo, mu RPK-74 ntchito zida mofanana mu AK-47.
• Easy kukonza makina disassembly ndi kukonza. chitsanzo wagawo anali achikalekale, kotero inu mosavuta kukhalabe nthawi zonse.
• Low kulemera. Zithetsedwe mfuti kulemera ndi makilogalamu 5,47 yekha. Izi kwambiri facilitates kayendedwe ka asilikali, komanso kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chida ichi.

The kuipa chachikulu cha chitsanzo

Kwa ena zolakwa za PKK ndi zotsatirazi:

• Small chidebe ndi nyanga ndi ng'oma makatiriji lapansi. Sikutheka kuchititsa okhazikika ndi mosalekeza kuwombera pa mipherezero ya mdani, choncho amachepetsa mphamvu ya ntchito nkhondo.
• Kapangidwe mbiya kuchotsedwa, monga ena ofanana makina-mfuti zoweta ndi achilendo. Komanso mmoyo mphamvu ya moto.
• Kuwombera ndi shutter ndi kutsekedwa RPK-74. Njingayo reader, komanso kapangidwe musalole kugwiritsa ntchito angathe chonse chida ichi. Choncho, liwiro ndi mphamvu ya moto wapita.