Maningitis: zizindikiro za matenda

Maningitis ndi njira yotupa yomwe imafalikira m'magulu ophimba ubongo ndi msana. Kutupa uku kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda - kachilombo, bacterium, bowa, chosavuta, chomwe chingalowetse chotchinga chomwe chimateteza ubongo ndi ziwalo zake ku zotsatira zovulaza. Kutha kwa chitetezo chaumunthu, ubwana ndi mavuto aakulu omwe amakhudza ubongo (mwachitsanzo, cerebral arteriosclerosis kapena hydrocephalus), zimathandizira kwambiri kuti chitukuko chitheke monga meningitis. Zizindikiro za matendawa ziyenera kudziwika kwa aliyense wamkulu.

Kodi matendawa amachokera kuti?

1. Mabakiteriya meningitis nthawi zina ndizofunikira, pamene mabakiteriya, atalowa m'thupi ndi madontho a m'madzi, amapambana njira yowonjezeramo, pomwe palibe, kupatula kwa nasopharynx, amachititsa kutupa. Izi "dziwani" meningococcus, pneumococcus ndi ndodo yamphongo. Ndipo m'mayeserowa mungathe kutenga kachilombo kwa wodwala ndi matenda a meningitis (ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda a meningococcal mpaka munthuyo atayamba kuonongeka ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo).

Zowonjezereka ndi yachiwiri bakiteriya meningitis, zizindikiro zomwe zimawonekera:

- pambuyo pa kuvulala kofalikira kwa chigaza;

- M'masiku ena kuyambira pachiyambi cha otitis, rhinitis, chibayo, genyantritis, frontitis, chiwombankhanga kapena carbuncle pamutu;

- ndi sepsis, pamene kachilombo koyambitsa magazi kakufalikira mthupi lonse, kuphatikizapo kulowa mu ubongo.

Choncho, ngati nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi vuto la mmero kapena makutu kapena mutakhala ndi mchere wambiri mumphuno kapena mphuno, mumakhala pangozi yogwiritsira ntchito meningitis. Musapirire mkhalidwewo. Njira yotuluka apa ndiyo kupanga MRI ya ubongo ndikubwera kukafunsira ndi odwala opaleshoni ya opaleshoni kapena dokotala wa ENT. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kukonzanso chifuwa cha fupa la fupa ndikuiwala za matenda osatha.

2. Viral meningitis imafika pamene kachilombo kamalowa mu mlengalenga, kupyolera mu njira yogonana, kupyolera mu manja osasamba, ziwiya zowonongeka, ndi kupsompsona, kutenga zinthu zomwe zimatuluka pa khungu loyera la munthu wina komanso kupyolera mu pulasitiki. Izi zingakhale mavairasi monga poliomyelitis (enteroviruses), chimanga, rubella, mavairasi a herpes, matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis, nkhuku, nkhuku, ndi fuluwenza.

Matenda oterewa sali odwala mwachindunji kwa wodwala ndi matenda a mitsempha. Zitha kuchitika kuti aliyense amadya chakudya chomwe chili ndi kachilomboka. Kapena munthu wodwala amabwera mwachangu komanso mwachangu (pozembera, kuyankhula ndi kukakamira) kufalikira kachilomboko. Ndiye anthu ochepa ochokera kuyankhulana kapena kudya osadyetsedwa chakudya amadwala ndi meningitis (ndipo ziphuphu zimachitika mumatchire ndi mapainiya).

Kodi meningitis imayamba bwanji?

Zimatengera masiku angapo kuchokera pamene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tilowa m'thupi la munthu matenda asanayambe. Choncho, zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana pogonana (ndiko, chifukwa cha bacterium meningococcus) amayamba kawirikawiri masiku awiri mpaka 7 kuchokera pa matenda. Kukonza zizindikiro za kugwiritsira ntchito matenda a mitsempha mwachindunji kungakhale kupweteka ndi thukuta pammero, kusungunuka koyambirira kosakhala koyera mucous membrane, ndi snot yoyera kapena yachikasu. Ndiye pali meningitis (zizindikiro za matenda si zovuta kuwona dokotala wodziwa bwino).

Mu mankhwala otsekula m'mimba, nayenso, pali nthawi yaying'ono ya zochitika zowonjezereka. Iwo amafanana ndi ARVI (chifuwa, malaise, malungo, mphuno), koma ngati meningitis imakhala zovuta za matenda a tizilombo, ndiye kuti chikuku, nkhuku, rubella, mitsempha kapena mononucleosis zingaonekere.

Maningitis: zizindikiro za matenda

Kutentha kwa thupi kumatuluka, pali mutu wamphamvu wa chikhalidwe chofala. Izi ndi zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a meningitis.

1. Kutentha sikumangokhala nthawi yaitali kwambiri, komabe tizilombo tingathenso kufika pa madigiri 37.4-37.8.
2. Mutu umamvekedwa m'kachisi kapena mutu wonse (nthawi zochepera - kumalo ena). Amayamba kuthandizidwa ndi anesthetics, kenako amasiya kuwayankha. Ndikumva kupweteka kumeneku kumamupangitsa munthuyo kunama, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumbali yake, akugudubuza pachifuwa chake (zovuta kwambiri mu chipolopolo cha ubongo). Amakulira ndi liwu lofuula komanso kuwala.
3. Nsowa ndi kusanza, zomwe sizibweretsa mpumulo ndipo sizikugwirizana ndi kudya. Matendawa sali limodzi ndi kutsekula m'mimba, komwe ndiko kusiyana kwakukulu ndi poizoni wa zakudya.
4. Chizungulire.
5. Kuchulukitsa kwa khungu pa thupi lonse, pamene kukhudzidwa kwabwino kumapweteka kwambiri.
6. Lethargy, kugona.
7. Kugonjetsedwa kwa akuluakulu motsutsana ndi chiyambi cha kutentha kulikonse, kwa ana - motsutsana ndi chikhalidwe cha kutentha pansi pa madigiri 38.
8. Msuzi: ofanana ndi chimfine kapena rubella, pamene kupweteka kwa matenda ndikumvetsa kwa matendawa. Kwa meningococcal ndi matenda ena, omwe nthawi zambiri amavuta ndi meningitis, maonekedwe a maonekedwe a mdima ndi chikhalidwe. Iwo amawonekera poyamba pa matako, kenako pamilingo ndi pamanja, pamtundu pamapeto otsiriza, nkhope siyingathe kuwoneka konse. Chidziwitso cha kuthamanga uku ndikuti sichikutha, sichimawoneka ndipo sichimawoneka ngati mutambasula khungu pansi kapena pakani khungu pa khungu. Kuchepa kwa magazi, ndipo ngozi ndikuti chimodzimodzi zinthu zimayambira mu ziwalo zonse za mkati komanso ngakhale mu mtima ndi impso. Imfa ikhoza kubwera kuchokera ku meningitis monga choncho, koma kuchokera ku kuchepa kwa magazi kupita ku matenda a adrenal. Choncho, ngati mukuona kuphulika koteroko, pitani ambulansi, ngakhale palibe zizindikiro zina.