"Russobalt" galimoto: mbiri ya mtundu ndi chitsanzo chiwerengero. Cars "Russo-Balt": specifications, amakambirana eni

Ndipo inu mukudziwa chimene anali woyamba Russian galimoto? Ambiri n'komwe. Lero tiona mtundu magalimoto "Russobalt" imene angatchedwe mpainiya woona wa makampani Russian galimoto.

prehistory

Galimoto yoyamba injini kuyaka anadza kwa dera la Russian Ufumu wa lakutali 1891. Zinali galimoto ya French olimba "Panhard Levassor." Mwiniwake mkonzi "Odessa boma yotchedwa Gazette" Vasiliyu Navrotskomu.

Mu St. Petersburg, galimoto yoyamba inatuluka mu 1895, ndipo mu Moscow - mu 1899.

The magalimoto kupanga loyamba anamanga mu Russian Ufumu, anali chitsanzo cha Frese ndi Yakovlev kuperekedwa kwa anthu mu 1896. Koma galimoto si anachititsa chidwi mu mabwalo boma.

Engine ndi kufala anapangidwa fakitale Yakovlev, ndi galimotoyo ndipo mawilo pa fakitale Frese. Onse kunja ndi constructively chitsanzo zikufanana kwambiri galimoto Benz. Komabe, ziyembekezo za makina anali. Pa nthawi imeneyi si bwino mmene ambiri a magalimoto awa zinalembedwa, koma nkhaniyi yochepa. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mu chaka cha 1898, Evgeny Yakovlev anafa. Choyamba, mnzake Peter Frese anagula Motors kunja, koma kenako kugulitsa mphamvu yake Chirasha Baltic carload fakitale. Kumalo izi sanatero magalimoto okha, komanso njira kumidzi, komanso ndege injini palafini. Chomera unali waukulu kwambiri ndipo anali maudindo ake m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana: Riga, Tver, St. Petersburg ndipo kenako mu Moscow ndi Taganrog.

The zitsanzo loyamba

Road dipatimenti ya mbewu popangidwa ndi 1908 mu Riga. Ndipo ngakhale magalimoto woyamba "Russobalt" anaonekera mu May chaka chamawa. galimoto linalengedwa ndi zinachitika osadziwika kwa mabwalo waukulu chitsanzo Belgium "Fund". Polenga Baibulo Russian anali Belgium mlengi Zhalen Muumbi. Akatswiri zoweta, ndicho Ivan Fryazinovsky ndi wotchedwa Dmitry Bondarev anapanga chopereka ndithu kuti chitukuko cha galimoto. Mgwirizano ntchito ya troika opanga zinachititsa kuti amasulidwe angapo makina. Mpheroyi magalimoto - B-12, C-24 ndi E-15 - ndi katundu - T-40, M-24, D-24 - magalimoto. Lachitsanzo wotchuka walandira C-24. Izo ndizo nkhani 55% ya nkhaniyo.

Car "Russo-Balt": Kuzindikilidwa

The zitsanzo anamasulidwa ngolo fakitale, mphamvu osiyana ndi zoona. Iwo achita nawo pa mpikisano osiyanasiyana padziko lonse: kusonkhana ndi Kupirira. Mu Monte Carlo ndi San Sebastian anali m'gulu la bwino. Ponena za kudalirika makinawo, nthawi zonse anakumbukira ngati mpukutu wina wa C-24 mu 1910 anatha kuyendetsa amasulidwe makilomita 80 zikwi popanda kuwononga kwambiri. Pa nthawiyo anali ndi kupambana zosaneneka ndi lonse makampani magalimoto mtundu "Russobalt".

Galimoto anapezeka pa mlingo wapamwamba - garaja ufumu mu 1913, magalimoto awiri zonyamula RBVZ bummed. Woyamba wa iwo anapanga phokoso chitsanzo C-24, ndipo chachiwiri - K-12. 64% ya mankhwala chomera anali yotengedwa ndi asilikali Russian. Makina anali kufunika makamaka pakati alonda ndodo ndi madokotala. Mwa njira, anali chitsanzo mu galimotoyo amene anaika thupi oti muli nazo zida.

kupanga Features

Car "Russo-Balt", ndi chithunzi chimene amatipatsa mphamvu ya kunyada, anali kumanga yosavuta, koma olimba kwambiri. mfundo zikuluzikulu, monga: crankcase ndi zonenepa, HIV, adatsanulira aluminiyamu. Onsewo mbali: mawilo zida ndi magiya - anayikidwa pa mayendedwe mpira. Kuponyera yamphamvu wagawo pamodzi ndi gimmick ndipo anali yekha ntchito zitsanzo C-24 ndi K-12 - Flagship zitsanzo "Russobalt".

Galimoto zinalengedwa lalikulu zedi. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti zinthu mu galimoto chipani chimodzi anali mosinthana kwathunthu. Ndipo pakati pa zipani chitsanzo akhoza kukhala kusiyana kwambiri: chiwerengero cha transmissions, mphamvu injini, ndi wheelbase, kapangidwe mbali payekha. magawo Geometrical anayeza mbali ya dongosolo chinkafunika. Pafupifupi onse a magalimoto zinalengedwa mwachindunji pa fakitale ngolo. Kumbali anali kugula mayendedwe mpira, gauges mafuta kuthamanga ndi tayala.

Cartwright m'madipatimenti onse anali mu St. Petersburg ndi Riga. Aliyense wa iwo opangidwa matupi kwa zitsanzo zina. Thupi "Russo-Balt" anali zambiri zosintha: anatseka limousines, ngolo lotseguka, otchuka pakati azungu landau, torpedoes ndudu zooneka ndi ena. Pa chionetsero mu 1910, womwe unachitikira ku St. Petersburg, carload fakitale wachita anayambitsa zitsanzo asanu. Patapita chaka chimodzi, panali kale asanu.

Dziko la Soviet Union, zikuoneka, magalimoto sanafune. Choncho, anamasulidwa pang'onopang'ono kuchepa ndipo mu 1926 kwathunthu anasiya. Ndipo fakitale linanena bungwe mu uthunthu wake akhala kusinthidwa kwa makampani a chitetezo.

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane zimene n'kutani wosindikiza kampaniyo, "Russo-Balt" magalimoto. Zofunika kuthandiza ife mu ichi.

"Russo-Balt" K-12

Cars K-12/20 mndandanda wa V, adawamasulira mu 1911, anali linanena bungwe pazipita 20 ndiyamphamvu, amene anasonyeza mu mutu. Mu 1913 zinaoneka mndandanda lotsatira - XI, mphamvu yake anali kale malita 24. a. makina akutchedwa, motero - K-12/24. Pakati pa mbali chitsanzo awa:

- zonenepa kuponyedwa wagawo wamba;

- dongosolo mmodzi ndiye amaganiza kuli nthambi;

- thermosiphon yozizira dongosolo.

Kufala anaika mosiyana injini, ndi makokedwe kuwapereka kwa mawilo kumbuyo kudzera ndi tinakwera kutsinde. Galimoto masekeli m'ma 1200 makilogalamu, kotero akasupe kumbuyo anali ¾-elliptical m'malo semielliptical. Oyambirira angapo wheelbase ndi 2655 mm, ndi mochedwa - 2855 mm.

Model K-12 zambiri anagula ndi munthu, chifukwa iyo inali yotsika mtengo mwa magalimoto anagubuduza mbewu. Komabe, anthu olemera ankakonda ake. Mungatchule ochepa anthu wapadera pakati eni K-12 landole thupi: Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich, Prince Borisa Golitsyna, werengani Sergei Witte, industrialist Eduarda Nobelya.

Okwana mbewu opangidwa 141 galimoto buku la K-12. Iwo anali kuperekedwa mu zisanu zino. Makhalidwe a V-Series 1911:

- galimoto - mu mzere, 4 yamphamvu, 2.2 lita, ndi pansi-vavu;

- mphamvu - 12 HP pa 1500 rpm;

- PPC - makina, mu magawo atatu;

- chimango - ndi spar;

- mabuleki - ng'oma, kumbuyo;

- kuyimitsidwa - kasupe, wodalira;

- liwiro - 50 km / h;

- thupi - lotseguka, 4-seater.

"Rousseau-Balt" C-24

Zodula kwambiri mwakwera galimoto chitsanzo anali RBVZ C-24, amene analengedwa mpaka 1918. Magalimoto thupi 6 mpando chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa alonda ndodo ya asilikali Russian. Pa ikamatera zida zake kukhala ndi thupi ena: iwiri anagona, limousines mwanaalirenji ndi landole. Panali ngakhale theka-njanji Baibulo la chisanu - tirigu-galimoto. Mbali yaikulu ya galimotoyi - injini. pulasitala zonenepa ake mu manyumba awiri, ndipo mavavu ndi (m'munsi) anakonza mbali zonse za yamphamvu ya. Madzi anali akufalitsa mwa dongosolo yozizira ntchito mpope centrifugal. Kumbuyo pakati pa akasupe ili mafuta m'galimoto, kumene mafuta akudyetsedwa kwa injini chipinda ndi kuthamanga utsi mpweya. Kukwera pa miyala yopangira ndi phunziroli inali yabwino kwambiri, kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo inkakhala atatu inakula theka-elliptical tsamba akasupe ndi kotenga awiri ndi yopingasa wina. Malinga mtundu wa kulemera galimoto thupi anali 1540-1950 kg.

Lachitsanzo amabwera mu nkhani naini, omwe anali kuposa otsiriza. Mu 1912, fakitare anasiya carburetor wake, ndipo anayamba kuikidwa pa C-24 French carburetor "pachimake". Izi, pamodzi ndi kusintha kwa mbiri ya yamphamvu kamera, analola kulera mphamvu oveteredwa ku 30 35 ndiyamphamvu. Mu chaka chomwecho, wheelbase wakhala lengthened kuchokera 3160 mpaka 3165 mm. Mu 1913, mphamvu magalimoto kachiwiri chinawonjezeka ndi ndikukhazikitsa 4-liwiro gearbox.

Linatulutsidwa 347 C-24 zitsanzo zaka zisanu ndi zinayi. 285 iwo anali otsegula thupi mukapeza. Adakali pafupifupi mofanana anagawira mwa limousines, ndi tropicbirds awiri landole. Ndicho chimene anali flagship "Russo-Balt" - galimoto mwini ndemanga ananena kuti makamaka yokhulupirika ndi chomasuka yokonza.

lingaliro Amakuonerani

Cars anagubuduza mbewu sanaiŵalidwe, ndipo posachedwapa panali pofuna kutsitsimutsa "Russo-Balt". Galimoto, amene mbiri ngakhale wamfupi kusiyana nthano za izo amagwirizana ndi zaka zakubadwa makampani Russian galimoto, kotero pali cholakalaka kubwezera. Chiyambireni cha 21 mtundu atumwi ndi akumeneku A: mlingo. Mu 2002 izo anadzatchedwa ndi Russo-Baltigue. Mu 2006 izo anayambitsa mfundo Amakuonerani, zomwe nawo chitukuko ya kampani German German Gerg GmbH. Iwo ankafuna kuti apange magalimoto 15 okha chaka n'kumagulitsa kuti okhometsa. Komabe, mfundo yachilendo pafupifupi palibe wina sanganene kuti chidwi, ndi kupanga curdled.

Chitsanzo tuple ndi

Pambuyo ankafuna kutsitsimutsa mu 2006, mtundu "Russo-Balt" kachiwiri akulankhula. Mu 2013, izo akufuna kukhazikitsa ulimi wa zitsanzo lapadera kwa motorcade mutsogoleli wadziko. Izi adzalola kupereka msonkho kwa mtundu waukulu, "Russo-Balt". Car 2013 anali kukumana pa nsanja "Rolls-Royce Phantom." Mwatsoka, polojekitiyi sanathenso kuona kuti lero.

Pomaliza

Kotero, ife tikudziwa chimene "Russo-Balt" (galimoto). Review zitsanzo, specifications ndi malingaliro katswiri zinatithandiza kupereka ziyenera yonse ya woyamba galimoto zopangidwa Russian. The chisoni kokha kuti ilo ndi Russian galimoto molimba kwenikweni. Pajatu inamangidwa mogwirizana ndi zinachitika mwa chitsanzo Belgium. Komabe, popanda ntchito opanga m'deralo, mwina anthu sadzamuona mwaphunzira za mtundu 'Russobalt ". Galimoto ndithudi kuliganizira, ndipo n'zotheka kuti iye anali kukumbutsa palokha.