Shtokman munda gasi

The Shtokman mpweya ndi condensate munda imatengedwa waukulu mu dziko. Ndi ili mu Nyanja Barents, madzi wachokera ku Russia.

General zokhudza gawo

munda Stockman ili pa alumali mu zone chapakati cha East-Barents kuchimwa. Izo zikuchitika mu meridian boma malangizo pafupi ndi gombe la kumadzulo kwa. Dziko Latsopano. Kuchimwa kwa dongosolo chipangizo. Ichi ndi chifukwa kukhalapo kwa m'zigwa zakuya: ndi South ndi North ndi Barents Nyanja Nansen. Amawapatula ndi dera kulimbikitsa-chishalo. South ndi North mbali ya megasedlovinoy kulekanitsidwa. Pamafunikanso 3 wa madipoziti waukulu wa shelufu - ayezi, Shtokman ndi Ludlovskoe. inawo imatengedwa buku gwero lalikulu. Woyamba awiri amaonedwa wapadera.

kudziwika

phunziro Shtokman munda inayamba mu 1981. Uku akuchita bwino geophysical kuphunzira beseni Barents-Kara. Ntchito ikuchitika ndi antchito "Severomorneftegeofiziki" pa kafukufuku chotengera "Dr. Stockman Ave". Choncho dzina la malo. Kukumba munda Shtokman mpweya inayamba mu 1983. Zitsime woyamba zinalengedwa ndi "Valentin Shashin" chombo "Viktor Muravlenko". Kuya kwa woyamba kufufuza bwino anali mamita 3153. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, tikubooleza madipoziti aŵiri anatulukira.

Features dziwe

The Shtokman munda mpweya ili makilomita 550 kuchokera Murmansk (kumpoto kum'mawa). Dziko yapafupi ndi kugombe la kumadzulo kwa Novaya Zemlya (300 km). Kuya madzi M'dera 320 kwa 340 mamita mukadzamwalira Shtokman -. Za 3,94 thililiyoni. ^M3. The condensate alipo mu kuchuluka kwa miliyoni 56,1. T. Kumadziwitsa maofesi ano nthaka yofewa, ofooka padziko pansi. maluso a ku 8 m. Komanso pali wamba dothi chimapangitsa zofewa, amene 4-24 mamita mphamvu. Akatswiri amanena kuchimwa pamwamba mu njira ya opaleshoni dziwe zaka 15-25 kungachititse kuti mapangidwe zoni chapakati cha m'dera la beseni subsidence, amene si kuya zosakwana 10 m.

ntchito zachitukuko

Pakuti kafukufuku wa Shtokman munda kampani wapadera unakhazikitsidwa mu chaka cha 2002. Iwo ali azichitira chitukuko mpaka woyamba 2018 kampani unakhazikitsidwa ndi "Gazprom" ndi "Rosneft". Last mu 2004, anagulitsa mtengo wake kwa bwenzi la. Panopa ntchito pa gawo ndi LLC "Gazpromneft-alumali". Kukhazikitsa ntchitoyi ankaganiza pamaziko a pangano pa kugawana kupanga. Pa siteji koyamba kupanga izo zinakonzedwa pa 22 biliyoni. M ³ / chaka. Part chuma ankafuna kutsogolera yopanga gasi liquefied. mankhwala cholinga cha polojekiti kuti Tumizani ku USA. Nawo. Teriberka ili pa Kola Peninsula, amayenera kumanga zomera ndi osachiritsika. The kampani kasamalidwe chikuyembekezeka kukopa pa munda Shtokman wa ndalama zakunja. Izo zinakonzedwa zoti auze makampani chidwi 49% ya dziwe. Ndi September 2005, mndandanda anali wasenza, zimene zinaphatikizapo 5 makampani akunja - ophunzira lingathe chitukuko cha dera la Consortium lapansi. Komabe, kumayambiriro October 2006, "Gazprom" analengeza kuti palibe mmodzi wa iwo anapereka chuma zokhudza. Mu nkhani imeneyi, subsoil wosuta wakhala kampani zoweta. Komabe, chifukwa kusintha mu dongosolo kukopa ndalama zakunja, chinapezeka kuti munda Shtokman kuzizira kwa nthawi yaitali. Zinthu zanyanyira nkhanza Arctic nyengo akutali kwambiri mwa nyanja. Komanso, kuya lalikulu zitsime amafuna kupanga ndi mayendedwe umisiri yoyenera. M'banja kampani nthawi imene alibe. Malinga Zoneneratu, ndi ndalama zofunika ayenera kukhala 15-20 bln. USD. Akagwidwa ndi dziwe pa mphamvu zonse kupanga buku adzakhala biliyoni 67. M ³ / chaka.

siteji latsopano

M'katikati mwa July 2007 kuchokera pamene telefoni pakati Sarkozy ndi Vladimir Putin, analengeza kuti bwenzi latsopano monopolist zoweta "Gazprom" adzakhala French bungweli Total. Iye amayenera kulandira 25% ya magawo a. Otsala 24% imakhala zibwenzi zina yachilendo. Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti tinasankha chifukwa kuwongolera lakuthwa mu mgwirizano pakati pa Russia ndi France. 24% ya magawo otsala kunditumiza ku kampani StatoilHydro la Norway.

mavuto

Kugwiritsa ntchito kulengedwa mu 2008, kampani "Gazprom Neft alumali" unakhazikitsidwa 100% wokwatibwa ndi "Gazprom". The kampani utangoyamba wasankhidwa ndi woyendetsa 1 ndi madera 2 magawo chitukuko. The "Gazprom" mapeto a August 2012 ndi abwenzi ake mayiko anagwirizana pa kuyimitsidwa zosakhalitsa kukhazikitsa ndondomeko. Chifukwa chosankha zinali ndalama kwambiri ndi akutulukira ntchito yatsopano kupeza chuma shale. Popeza kufufuza anayamba mungachite bwino dongosolo. Mu October 2012, Pulezidenti Akuluakulu a ku Russia ananena kuti akuyenera kusaina mgwirizano ntchito. Peskov anati yomanga udzayamba lisanathe chaka 2017. Popeza December 2012, ntchitoyi anayambanso ku kukhazikitsa lapansi. Monga wa January 2013th mpikisanowo zinakonzedwa kudziwa mlengi wa mbewu m'tsogolo.

Mbali zachuma

Munda Shtokman imatengedwa kuti kwambiri likulu mwakayakaya. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala kovuta, koma si zokhazo chitukuko. Pa nkhani imeneyi, monga zolinga zikuluzikulu za polojekiti, pamodzi ndi kukwaniritsa ziwawa za ulimi, ndi:

1. The kuchepa katundu ndalama.
2. Chitsimikizo chiphaso cha zizindikiro ntchito.
3. Mawu oyamba a n'zotheka kusintha njira ya dongosolo anayamba ntchito.

Kuthetsa mavuto amenewa n'zotheka kukachitika kuti, malinga ndi zimene akatswiri m'munda Shtokman adzakhala pang'onopang'ono. Pa nkhani imeneyi, kukhazikitsidwa kwa asilikali amapereka kwa chitukuko m'dera la kuwonjezeka phased mu ubongo ofanana pa zigawo 3 wa dziwe. Choncho, allocated masiteji atatu. Aliyense wa iwo umaimira kukhazikitsidwa kwa mtolo latsopano: nsanja imodzi - mzere umodzi wa payipi mpweya m'madzi - mizere kupanga atatu pa Lng chomera (kapena payipi pamtunda). Akafike gawo lachitatu adzayamba pa magawo anaika mu mudongosolo yonse. Phindu kwa kugulitsa katundu wina siteji akhoza reinvested mu chitukuko ndi zina.

The limatchula wa nsomba kunyanja

Kudera limeneli kupanga mafuta pa buku la ndalama likulu ndi lero udindo lalikulu. Pa nyanja nsomba chimachititsa za 48% ya ndalama zonse mu chitukuko cha beseni ndi. Kulemera ndi kukula kwake ndi makhalidwe ena a dongosolo kukhudza pa ndondomeko ya mpweya ndi condensate pa Shtokman.

zida

Waukulu zamakono mchitidwe gulu la nsomba kunyanja m'dera osankhidwa ayezi zosagwira theka-submersible nsanja. Bukuli lakonzedwa kuti pobowola munthawi yomweyo ndi ntchito zitsime ndi makonzedwe pa pakamwa pa Intaneti. Zosintha zotheka akhoza kukhala nsanja monga SPAR ndi TLP. malo lililonse chikuyembekezeka anapereka lonse zovuta za ntchito pobowola zida, mayunitsi sayansi mankhwala munda wa mafuta opangidwa. Yotsirizira pofuna lokhala ndi gawo mayendedwe a zipangizo kudzera payipi ya. Kulengedwa mlingo wa m'zigawo zimatheka ndi khazikitsa mbali zosiyana Shtokman nsanja zitatu. Aliyense wa iwo akudyetsedwa kudzera 3 dongosolo bwino. ntchito amapereka kwa yunifolomu kufalitsidwa kwambiri m'dera lonse gawo. Aliyense nsanja amagwirizana ndi maofesi gombe kudzera payipi a. Kuonetsetsa kudalirika ndi kuteteza kulephera dongosolo lonse, malo onse ogwirizana ndi payipi zina.

Pomaliza

Investigation za kuthengo Shtokman amafuna, ndithudi, ndalama zambiri. Komabe, chitukuko adzapereka mabuku kwambiri a zipangizo pachaka. Munda ili mu zone m'malo akumane. Cholinga ntchito ndi chibwenzi konza moyenera ndalama. Mwapang'onopang'ono munda adzathetsa mavuto ambiri, kupeza ndalama zofunika kwa reinvestment. Chofunika kwambiri Komabe, abwenzi ena ndi ndalama.