Species zimbalangondo: chithunzi ndi dzina. Mitundu ya zimbalangondo

Izi nyama wamphamvu ife tonse tikudziwa kuti kuyambira ali mwana. Koma anthu ochepa mukudziwa zimene muli mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zimbalangondo. Zithunzi mu mabuku ana nthawi zambiri kutiuza kwa zimbalangondo zofiirira ndi kumalo ozizira. Iwo likukhalira kuti m'dziko muli mitundu yambiri ya nyama zimenezi. Tiyeni tidziwe bwino za kuyandikira.

maonekedwe chimbalangondo

Ngati Tikayerekeza ndi zimbalangondo zina zolusa, iwo amasiyana kwambiri wonyong'onya maonekedwe, maonekedwe a dongosolo mkati, miyeso. Panopa ndi waukulu kwambiri kuposa nyama lapadziko zakutchire. Mwachitsanzo, zimbalangondo angafikire thupi kutalika mamita atatu ndipo zimalemera 750 ndipo ngakhale 1,000 makilogalamu!

Animal ubweya ali undercoat bwino akupangidwa ndi yovuta kwambiri. Chovala - mkulu. Only ndi chimbalangondo Chimaleya sangathe kudzitama wa totere malaya ubweya - chivundikiro wake ndi otsika komanso yosowa kwambiri.

Mtundu zosiyanasiyana - kuchokera wakuda ndi mzungu, akhoza kusiyana. Nyengo mtundu sasintha.

njira ya moyo

zosiyanasiyana zimbalangondo amakhala osiyana kwambiri. Amasangalala m'chipululu ndi mapiri atali, m'nkhalango ndi Arctic ayezi. Pa nkhani imeneyi, mitundu ya zimbalangondo amasiyanasiyana mmene zakudya ndi moyo. Ambiri mwa oimira ogwirira izi amakonda kusamukira ku phiri kapena m'zigwa nkhalango, kuli pa mapiri treeless.

Zimbalangondo mwakhama makamaka usiku. Yekha ndi chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira - mitundu ya nyama yomwe ndi njira tsiku ndi tsiku.

Zimbalangondo ndi omnivores. Komabe, ena amakonda chakudya makamaka. Mwachitsanzo, chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira ndi pafupifupi nthawi zonse adya nyama ya nyama, kwa nyama ndi bwino chakudya chokoma kuposa mphukira nsungwi. Komabe, iwo yothandizana kuchuluka wake ka chakudya nyama.

zosiyanasiyana mitundu

Nthawi zambiri, nyama okonda akufunsa funso: "Kodi mitundu ya zimbalangondo kudzakhala m'dziko" Pakuti iwo amene ali ndi chidwi nyama zimenezi, zikuoneka kuti iwo ambirimbiri. Mwatsoka, ili si choncho. Masiku ano, dziko lathuli ndi anthu mitundu zimbalangondo, mndandanda wa sipangakhalenso ankaimira motere:

• bulauni zimbalangondo;
• chakuda;
• woyera;
• Himalaya;
• choonetsedwa;
• kanyamaka;
• biruang;
• panda.

Pali subspecies ndi mitundu ya nyama zimenezi, koma ife kulankhula za m'nkhani ina.

zimbalangondo bulauni

Ndi nyama zazikulu ndi looneka zosamveka. Iwo ali mu dongosolo la zolusa, chimbalangondo banja. Kutalika kwa thupi - kuchokera masentimita 200 280.

Umenewu ndi mtundu zofala. The bulauni chimbalangondo amakhala ku dera lonse la Eurasian ndi North America nkhalango. Masiku ano, mdani ameneyu anali kwathunthu mbisoweka ku dera la Japan, ngakhale kalelo ankakonda pano. Mu Ulaya ndi Central, chimbalangondo bulauni angapezeke kawirikawiri m'madera ena lamapiri. Pali zifukwa zokwanira kukhulupirira kuti mu malo awa ndi zimene zatsala pang'ono kutha. The bulauni chimbalangondo akadali ambiri Siberia, ndi Far East ndi kumpoto kwa dziko lathu.

Brown zimbalangondo - nyama kuthetsedwa. Chiwembu matabwa wotanganidwa ndi munthu mmodzi akhoza kufika makilomita lalikulu mazana angapo. Sitingathe kunena kuti zimbalangondo ndi malire a dera lawo mosamalitsa kutetezedwa. Pamalo lililonse pali malo okhazikika kumene chakudya nyama, kumanga m'misasa kanthawi mapanga.

Ngakhale amangokhala, mdani ali zaka chochepa kuyendayenda kukafunafuna chakudya wochuluka pa mtunda wa makilomita 300.

kugona

Aliyense akudziwa kuti dzinja bulauni chimbalangondo hibernates. Pre-mosamala amakonzekera khola wake, amene chimakhazikitsa mu m'madera akutali - pa zilumba pakati pa m'madambo, mu windbreaks. Pansi pa nyumba zawo yozizira chimbalangondo alimbane ndi udzu wouma kapena Moss.

Kuti bwinobwino kudutsa yozizira, chimbalangondo ayenera kudziunjikira osachepera makilogalamu makumi asanu mafuta. Pakuti ichi, adya 700 makilogalamu a zipatso ndi pafupifupi 500 makilogalamu a mtedza paini, osati kuwerenga Zingayambe ena. Pamene chikalata pa chaka zipatso Taphunzira, kumakhala mu kuukira kumpoto minda afesedwa ndi Mapila, ndi kum'mwera - pa mbewu chimanga. Ena zimbalangondo kuukira njuchi ndi kuwononga iwo.

Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti pa nyama hibernation zimabisala. Izi siziri zoona ndithu. Amagona ndithu lotero. Pa hibernation, nyama ndi chilili, mtima wake ndi dongosolo m'mapapo mwanga m'mbuyo ntchito zawo. chimbalangondo thupi kutentha ranges ku madigiri 29 kuti 34. Lililonse mpweya 5-10 kubwera chete kwa nthaŵi yaitali, mpaka nthawi zina mphindi zinayi. Okhumudwa malo a mafuta ankadya mouma. Ngati mu nthawi ino kubala kukweza kuchokera m'dzenje la amayamba kuonda mwamsanga ndipo akusowa chakudya. chimbalangondo amenewa amakhala "wongoyendayenda" kapena monga Anthu ambiri wotchedwa, kulumikiza ndodo. Mu chikhalidwe ichi, ndi choopsa kwambiri.

Malinga ndi nyengo ya chilombo kungakhale matalala kwa miyezi itatu kapena isanu. Pamene chakudya katundu m'madera kum'mwera kwa zimbalangondo zambiri akhoza kugwa mpaka kugona mosalekeza ndi kugona okha kwa nthawi yochepa. Akazi ndi ana yearling akugona mu khola limodzi.

chakudya

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zimbalangondo amakonda kudya zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Nyama za mtundu mu nthawi zambiri kudya zipatso, zipatso ndi zakudya zomera zina, koma nthawi zina mwina nyerere, mphutsi za tizilombo, makoswe, pamodzi ndi katundu wa yozizira. Ndithu amuna kawirikawiri kukonza kusaka ungulates nkhalango. Ngakhale clumsiness akuoneka, zofiirira chimbalangondo kungakhale mofulumira kwambiri ndi agile. Mwabata sneaks pa nyama yake ndi kusowa kwake mu kuponya mwamsanga. Choncho liwiro lake ukufika 50 km / h.

zimbalangondo

IUCN - The Conservation Union World kwa nthawi yoyamba mu zaka zingapo ali kukodzedwa mndandanda wa nyama pafupi kutha. Panali mitundu yatsopano. zimbalangondo mwabweretsa osati mndandanda wa mayiko, koma mu Red Book of Russia. Lero alipo anthu 25 sauzande. Malinga ndi asayansi, anthu awa adzamvanso kuchepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 70% patadutsa zaka 50.

mitundu osowa zimbalangondo (chithunzi inu onani nkhani yathu), umene atangothamangitsidwa kumene nkhawa ndi anthu woyera, amadwala mafakitale chitukuko cha kozizira, kuwononga malo awo, kusintha kwanyengo ndi, ndithudi, a poaching.

maonekedwe

Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti woyera, kumalo ozizira, kumpoto, nyanja kapena oshkuy - mitundu ya zimbalangondo. Ndipotu, otchedwa mtundu umodzi wa zimadya nyama ya chimbalangondo banja, wachibale wapafupi wa bulauni chimbalangondo.

M'litali - mamita atatu, kulemera - za tani munthu. Nyama yaikulu zimapezeka pa gombe la nyanja Bering, laling'ono - mu Svalbard.

Kumalo ozizira Kunakhala ndi kusiyana kwa mitundu ina tsitsi lalitali ndi lathyathyathya mutu. Mtundu akhoza kukhala woyera kapena chikasu mtundu. M'nthawi ya chilimwe, ubweya akutembenukira chikasu pamene dzuŵa. Khungu la nyama wakuda.

Zidendene za yoteroyo ndi kutetezedwa ndi tsitsi, kuti kuzembera pa ayezi ndi chiyani amaundana.

Moyo ndi Zakudya

Malinga ndi asayansi, chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira - ndi zolusa ambiri m'banja la zonse. Ndipotu iye amachita chiyani kudya chomera zakudya. mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zimbalangondo (chithunzi ndi mayina amene anayikidwa mu pepala athu) ndi pafupifupi konse woyamba kuukira munthu. Mosiyana ndi Akhristu ake, chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira zambiri zimakonda kudya anthu.

Mwachidule, "ndondomeko" cha adani izi zimapanga zisindikizo, zisindikizo makamaka ringed. Komanso, adya nyama iliyonse, amene wamaliza kupha. Kungakhale makoswe, mbalame, walruses, anamgumi Ndinafika. Pakuti owopsa ndi chilombo wakupha, omwe nthawi zina kuwavutitsa mwa madzi.

kubalana

Mu October, akazi kukumba phanga mu chisanu. M'ma November, iwo anakhala kumeneko. Mimba kumatenga 230- 240 masiku. Ana amabadwa pamapeto pa kozizira yozizira. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mkazi kumabweretsa mbadwa pamene iye akutembenuka zaka 4-6. Ana amaoneka kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Zinyalala ndi kwa ana wina ndi atatu. Akhanda mphamvu, wolemera pafupi 750 magalamu. Ana ayamba kuona mu mwezi, patapita miyezi iwiri iwo teething, ana pang'onopang'ono wayamba kutuluka mapanga awo. Chimbalangondo, iwo musatisiye zaka imodzi ndi theka. Kumalo ozizira umabala maloplodovity, kotero manambala awo pang'onopang'ono akuchira.

wakuda chimbalangondo

Njirayi imatchedwa American wakuda chimbalangondo. thupi lake kutalika 1.8 m, kulemera - pafupifupi 150 makilogalamu. Chimbalangondo ali ndi nkhope lakuthwa, mapazi mkulu ndi zikhadabu yaitali ndi lakuthwa, lalifupi, yosalala ubweya wakuda. Nthawi zina mtundu ndi wakuda ndi zofiirira, kupatula kuwala chikasu kuipanikiza.

Black chimbalangondo adya zomera zakudya kokha - mphutsi, tizilombo ndi inakhala yaing'ono.

mimba wamkazi kumatenga masiku 210, ana timabadwa January ndi February, ndi kulemera kwa magalamu 400, kukhala ndi mayi awo mpaka April.

Muthu wakuda chimbalangondo

Izi nyama kukula wolephera bulauni. Komanso, izi mitundu ya zimbalangondo zosiyanasiyana maonekedwe. Mu Himalaya umabala thupi ang'ono, ndi ikhale pamphuno woonda, makutu lalikulu. Pamavuto ndi fluffy ubweya zambiri ali ndi mtundu wakuda ndi woyera, nthawi zina chikasu osajambulidwa pa chifuwa (zooneka ngati kalata V).

Large wamkulu anthu angafikire ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 170 ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 140-150. Habitat - Asia East. Kumadzulo angapezeke mu Afghanistan, mu Indochina, pa malo otsetsereka kum'mwera la Himalaya. Pa gawo la dziko athu kokha anapeza m'dera Ussuri, kumpoto wa Amur.

M'chaka cha muthu wakuda chimbalangondo wakudya zipatso zokwana chaka chatha ndi mtedza pine. Chilimwe ndi zosangalatsa regales zobiriwira udzu, zipatso ndi tizilombo. Pali umboni wosonyeza kuti Asia South, nthawi zambiri kuukira pa ziweto zingakhale zowopsa anthu.

Ana pa zinyalala, kawirikawiri awiri. kulemera kwawo musalumphe magalamu 400. Iwo kukhala pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale mu m'badwo wa mwezi ndi theka, njakata kwathunthu.

spectacled chimbalangondo

Species zimbalangondo, tiyenera kupitiriza kuphunzira, kudziwa mbadwa ya America South. Iye zikukhazikitsa m'mapiri - kuchokera Colombia kuti kumpoto Chile. Izi ndi spectacled chimbalangondo - nyama si lalikulu kwambiri. thupi lake salinso kuposa mamita 1.7, akulemera pafupi 140 makilogalamu.

Chimbalangondo yokutidwa ndi wandiweyani, shaggy odula wakuda kapena wakuda-bulauni mu mtundu, ndi yamawangamawanga woyera kuzungulira maso (choncho nkhani ya dzina lake). Mutsogolerane ndi mapiri, nyama Nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa malo otsetsereka dambo. zamoyo yake bwino bwino, koma pa nthawi yomweyo, asayansi amaona kuti zamiyendo Inayi mu banja. Iye ndi kukolezera masamba ndi mizu, zipatso ndi nthambi ya zitsamba wamng'ono. Nthawi zina chifukwa ndi chakudya chokoma kwambiri, iye akukwera kumtunda mitengo wamtali kanjedza, kuswa nthambi wamng'ono, kenako amadya iwo pansi.

Kanyamaka-chimbalangondo

Kuti m'dziko mwathu chatha ziweto mndandanda - ndi mtundu zosowa zimbalangondo. Photos ndi maina iwo mukuonera Mabaibulo ambiri zoweta ndi achilendo nyama.

Kanyamaka chimbalangondo - okhala maiko otentha. Iye amakhala mu nkhalango ya India ndi Ceylon. Kutalika ndi 1.8 m, kulemera pafupifupi 140 makilogalamu. Ndi wokongola ang'ono nyama pa miyendo mkulu ndi chiombankhanga chachikulu. The kuipanikiza ndi penapake ananena. Pa chifuwa kuwala V woboola pakati mphako. Chimbalangondo ndi yogwira usiku. Ndi tsiku ndi tulo tofa nato, pamene (yomwe Ndi mmene okha mitundu), ndi zodabwitsa Nthaŵi zina mkonono umasonyeza mokweza.

Kanyamaka adya makamaka zipatso ndi tizilombo. Ndi zikhadabo yaikulu, mosavuta iye akuswa yoola, makungwa dilapidated mitengo ndiye iyo imakhala zoyenda chipangizo zodabwitsa kuti angathe kukumbutsa mpope. Long pamphuno pa nyama ndi mafoni kwambiri milomo, amene kuwonjezera, n'kupanga ngati chubu.

Pa Gubachev olumikizidwa ku makina chapamwamba awiri cutters, umene mu M'mimbamo m'kamwa ali ndi kudula. Mbali imeneyi zimathandiza nyama wachotsa chiswe. Poyamba, iwombela pa "nyumba" tizilombo zonse fumbi ndi uve, kenako imakoka nyama mu chubu mwa milomo elongated.

Kanyamaka mating amapezeka mu June, miyezi isanu kuoneka 2-3 mwana. Mu pogona ndi mayi wake akupereka miyezi 3. Nthawi yoyamba bambo amasamalira ana awo, omwe si khalidwe la mitundu ina ya chimbalangondo.

Panda

nyama zimenezi, 1.2 mamita yaitali ndi masekeli mpaka makilogalamu 160, amakhala nkhalango phiri zigawo kumadzulo kwa China. Iye wakonda payekha, kupatula nthawi mating. Koma zimakhala m'chaka.

Ana amapezeka mu January. 2 makamaka obadwa ng'ombe wolemera pafupi makilogalamu awiri. Mosiyana ndi zimbalangondo zina, Panda mu hibernation asagwe. Iwo akudya zomera zosiyanasiyana, mizu ya nsungwi, nthawi zina makoswe ang'ono ndi nsomba.

biruang

Chotero anaitana Malayan chimbalangondo. Ndi membala zing'onozing'ono chimbalangondo banja. thupi lake kutalika si oposa 1.4 m, ponso osati oposa 0,7 m, kulemera - m'ma 65 kg. Ngakhale wodzichepetsa kukula kwake, poyerekeza ndi Akhristu, nyama ndi amphamvu. Biruang ali aafupi kuipanikiza, miyendo lonse ndi zikhadabu wamphamvu yokhota kumapeto. thupi nyama ataphimbidwa ndi yosalala, wamfupi tsitsi molunjika wakuda. Pa chifuwa pali woyera chizindikiro kapena lalanje mtundu, mu mawonekedwe a horseshoe a. Kuipanikiza - lalanje kapena imvi. Nthawi zina palinso kuyatsa.

Biruang - ndi nocturnal nyama, kotero iye amagona pa tsiku, ndi kukondwera dzuwa, mu nthambi za mitengo. Mwa njira, ndi akutsikira mitengo kwambiri ndi mwangwiro omasuka mwini yekha kwa iwo akumvera.

Izo wakudya zanthete. Female umabala ana awiri. Chinyama sichimakhala akugona.