TD katemera - chotchinga odalirika ndi kafumbata ndi diphtheria

TD katemera - mankhwala kutumikiridwa kwa kupewa diphtheria ndi kafumbata. Katemera Izi ntchito m'mayiko ambiri CIS chikuphatikizidwa. Kawirikawiri ngati mwana alibe contra-zizindikiro, ntchito ya katemera DPT, koma mu nkhani ya kale anasamutsa katemera pertussis TD ntchito. Kuti akwanitse kupewa kafumbata ndi diphtheria ana zaka 6 ndi akulu ntchito katemera TD. Iwo ali wotsikirapo zili mbali diphtheria, ndi analogue a French Imovaks D.T.Adyult. Katemera TD amapangidwa ndi opanga Russian ndipo ankagwiritsa ntchito zonse mu Russia ndi m'mayiko CIS.

TD katemera ikuchitika zaka zapakati pa zaka zinayi sikisi. Ngati katemera akhala pa nthawi iyi, izo ikuchitika pambuyo zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi cha katemera TD. Katemera TD ndi TD palibe zosakaniza kulimbana akuphokosera chifuwa. Pali nthawi zina pamene mwana ana aang'ono kale anali akuphokosera chifuwa, koma sizinachitike katemera DTP, ndiye m'pofunika katemera TD toxoid. Anachita vaccinations awiri pa intervals wa mwezi ndipo patapita chaka chimodzi.

Nthawi itakwana kuti kukonzanso katemera DTP, ndi mwana panthawiyo anali kale kudwala chifuwa akuphokosera, ndiye katemela DSA, lomwe linabwerezedwa chaka chotsatira. Mu dziko lathu, mwana amene mfumukazi zaka zoposa 4, katemera ndi chifuwa akuphokosera satero (malinga ndi dongosolo).

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane matenda, pakuti kupewa ponena katemera Deuteronomo.

diphtheria

Ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuledzera ambiri a chamoyo. Zimachitika fibrinous kutupa tonsils, mphuno, m'phuno, ndi khungu chofuna ndipo zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mucous cha maso. Pamene matenda kumachitika kuwonjezeka kutentha kwa wodwalayo, pali reddening pakamwa ndi matenda imvi zauve.

Ngati munthu wadwala mawonekedwe poizoni wa diphtheria, ndiye kulephera kupereka chisamaliro yake zachipatala afe pa tsiku lachiwiri. The mavuto ambiri amene angapeze pa matenda, ndi zotupa ya ubongo. Zingatipangitse kupuwala wa m'kamwa kapena polyradiculoneuritis zofewa m'makona. Komanso, mavuto oopsa a impso, Mapapo ndi mtima (pyelonephritis, gromerulonefrit, myocarditis, kutupa m'mapapo).

Diphtheria, nthumwi causative amene ali diphtheria Bacillus, amataya m'malovu airborne, ndi tizilomboto ake angakhale mu masabata fumbi. Ungathenso akutsogoleredwa ndi amene amakumana ndi zinthu ntchito mwa munthu ndi diphtheria.

Kuyambira mu 2001, katemera ADB massively ntchito Russia, choncho lero amalembedwa osakwatira mtanda wa matenda oopsa.

kafumbata

Izi, komanso diphtheria, matenda opatsirana amene pali poyizoni mofulumira mantha dongosolo anthu, zimachitika chifukwa spasms minofu.

Chitukuko cha matenda ikuyamba ndi chakuti bala chifukwa afika tizilomboto. Zizindikiro zoyambirira ndi maonekedwe a spasms wa minofu masticatory. Kenako ena spasms minofu ya mutu, mmbuyo ndi thupi lonse. Zikamera wa khunyu izi zikhoza ngakhale fluctuation pang'ono mpweya kapena phokoso, komanso zinthu zina. Ngakhale ntchito zamakono ndi zamankhwala kungapangitse kuti chipulumutso cha munthu, amene anadwala matenda a kafumbata. Mwina yatsoka imfa ndi 70%, kawirikawiri imfa kumachitika chifukwa ziwalo za minofu kupuma. N'chifukwa chake katemera ndi malonda kwambiri zogwirizana tanthauzo lake yake kuteteza anthu n'zotheka kudwala kafumbata.

The causative wothandizila matendawa ndi kafumbata Bacillus, limene likupezeka kulikonse. Mu mawonekedwe a spores bakiteriya tingakhale zaka zambirimbiri. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwambiri kutentha ndi kwa maola awiri mosavuta kupirira kutentha kwa madigiri 90. Wiritsani kwa mphindi 50 kapena kukhudzana nthunzi youma, amene kutentha ndi za 115 madigiri, kwa mphindi 20 kupha kulola tizilombo toyambitsa matenda izi.

Tetanus tizilomboto yokha kulibe vuto mwamtheradi akalulu, mbuzi, nkhosa, nkhumba, akavalo, ng'ombe ndi moyo m'matumbo awo. Tikumbukenso kuti nyama kapena munthu amene akudwala wa kafumbata si opatsirana.

Infection matenda lino zilonda kapena nembanemba mucous. Pali mitundu itatu ya kafumbata: zoopsa; munthu amene complicates njira yotupa ndi cryptogenic kafumbata (mu nkhani iyi, njira ya matenda m'thupi si anaika). Iwo immunizations kuteteza thupi ndi kafumbata.

N'zoonekeratu kuti matenda awiriwa ali anayankha vuto lalikulu osati thanzi koma moyo, kotero muyenera kuchita zonse zimene tingathe kuti mudziteteze komanso okondedwa anu ku matenda! Koma chifukwa n'zosatheka kuoneratu onse, kupulumutsa a katemera njira (kuphatikizapo malonda ndi ADSM) katemera, amene sadzalola matenda kukhala (ngakhale malowedwe a nyongolosi mu thupi) kapena china kuwalola kusuntha m'njira zophweka kwambiri.