The Mi-38: zofunika ndi zithunzi

Mu 2015, ku Kazan ndege mbewu anakonza kuyamba kupanga siriyo wa Mi-38 ndege. Photos ya makina atsopano ndi mockup ake anapereka mu 1989 pa chionetsero mayiko Azamlengalenga mu Le Bourget. Kulengedwa ntchito anayamba zaka ziwiri zapitazo, koma mu nineties oyambirira, kampani anayamba kusonkhana ndi zinachitika choyamba. Akukumverani Komabe, kodi si zokhazo. Iwo anatenga kuposa khumi ndi aakulu ndi chiyembekezo chapadera zothandiza iyeyo makina kutsogolo. chakuti Mi-38 lakonzedwa monga kusintha kwa amalemekezedwa ndi wokondedwa aviators m'mayiko ambiri (makamaka Russian), msirikali wakale wa Mi-8. Ntchito udindo, koma pali chiyembekezo chakuti woyamba Kodi mwala.

M'malo Mi-8 - yovuta

Mi-8 anali mmodzi wa chachikulu makina-phiko ndege m'mbiri ya ndege dziko. zinachitika wake woyamba, komabe lokhala ndi injini, anavula chaka Gagarin ankathawa. Tinayesetsa pa ndondomeko ya yaitali ndi mosamala. The ndege anatembenuka pafupifupi mwangwiro likufanana zofunikira za kalasi magalimoto, katundu-anthu. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa zolinga zosiyanasiyana, onse zosakhudzana ndi usilikali. Anamanga zikwi khumi ndi ziwiri mayunitsi Mi-8 makumi angapo zosintha. Ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndi yotakata, pa zofuna za ulimi mpaka mpweya kumenya. Ntchito ndi mayiko oposa makumi asanu mu mabacteria osiyana nyengo ya dziko - kuchokera kozizira mpaka equator ndi ku Antarctica. Mwa maiko anagula ndege imeneyi - USA, Canada, Korea South, Finland.

Mi-8 amapangidwa ndi kugula lero. Galimoto ndi odalirika kwambiri, wodzichepetsa ndiponso zosavuta kusamalira. Sinthani zosavuta ndiponso wosangalatsa. Kuposa izi mwaluso - ntchito wofuna. The Mi-38 chiyenera kukhala bwino, ndi kwambiri. Mwachangu mafuta si wofunika kwambiri mu zaka zao za sikisite atumwi, tsopano kukhala wa magawo zikuluzikulu za ndege. Iwo poyerekeza ndi Mi-8 chikuyembekezeka kukula ndi theka, ndipo katatu bwino.

Poyerekeza kunja Mi-8 ndi Mi-38

Koyamba, pali zinthu zambiri zofanana pa mfundo imene anamanga Mi-8 ndi Mi-38. Photo makina amasonyeza kupitiriza ena, akuwonetseredwa mu dongosolo la Gawo ndiponso ikuluikulu. The fuselage unapangidwa theka-monocoque chiwembu, ndi pansi mosabisa ndi anamaliza kuuluka bwino potsatira njira denga. Galimotoyo atathana zida, tripodal, zisanu tsamba ozungulira. Cockpit pansi pa za opaque, mosiyana ndi nyali Mi-8. Mawonekedwe uta anatchulidwa pamwamba pa izo pali alipidwa yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda polowera cowl turbines. Zinayi bladed mchira ozungulira. Volumetric akasinja mafuta ili pa Mi-8 mbali ya pansi fuselage, kodi umabisika m'nyumba Mi-38. Zofunika Koma awiriwa magalimoto zikufanana m'njira yosiyana.

luso zizindikiro

Choyamba, osiyanasiyana othandiza wakula. Pa zonse mafuta malo ofanana malita 3796, Mi-38 kuwuluka 800km (Y Ni-8, malingana ndi kusinthidwa kwa, mlingo ranges kuchokera 425 mpaka 590 km). Khalani bulkier katundu chipinda, mbali zake 8630 mm (kutalika), 2400 mm (m'lifupi) ndi 1.850 mm (kutalika). Kunyamula mphamvu wafika matani 6. Ndi kuchuluka liwiro pa Mi-8, zinali pafupifupi 225 Km / h, 65 Km / h poyerekeza wa Ni-38. Luso specifications za makina atsopano fanizirani akutsutsana mawu a denga, mu 2012 kuti atchuke dziko, wolemera 8600 m, koma chaka chotsatira zinaonekeratu kuti Mwamunayu ndege Mi-8MSB, ngati zida ndi mtundu watsopano wa injini TV3-117VMA- SBM1V, izo ndi chinachake chimene angathe. Iye anawuka kwa latsopano mbiri mkulu pa mamita 9150. Kukwera Komabe, anakhalabe "osasweka kuti": Mphindi 6 mphambu mamita zikwi zitatu angakhoze kokha Mi-38. Features ya makina, choncho akulonjeza yaitali ndi bwino ntchito Aeroflot ndi Air Force, ndi kunja.

Zopangapanga luso la zipangizo

Atapita masiku pamene ndege wapadziko lonse okha ku duralumin. The Mi-38 wopangidwa ndi ntchito kwambiri pulasitiki ndi zipangizo gulu. Masamba a injini onse analembedwa multilayer yotentha ndi kumulowetsa, kuonetsetsa elasticity awo okwezeka ndi nthawi mbwee ntchito (osachepera nthawi ya ntchito makina). Nkhani polymeric amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga manja ndi mchira ozungulira (anapereka wotchedwa elastomeric mayendedwe), umene kondomu mfundo izi safunikira. Mu kupanga zinthu sanali mphamvu fuselage (bonnet, ndi cockpit chida mapanelo, kunja padziko limbikitsa ndi fairing mtanda) ntchito atatu wosanjikiza sangweji gululi. Tikaphatikiza sheathing imakhala ndi zigawo akunja mkati zitsulo-polima selo.

magetsi

Choncho, mphamvu wofunikila ntchito nchito ya makina ndi malita 5000. a. Akufotokozera injini awiri. Pali yachiwiriyo wathunthu Mi-38 powerplant. 2 turboshaft injini "Pratt & Whitney Kenada" kukhala khama zofunika, kupereka chofunika zizindikiro zachuma. Kapoloyu amasamalira ntchito zawo chilimbikitso dongosolo, ndi redundancy patatu. Chotero chiwembu malinga ndi mkulu angathe katundu za makina atsopano. Mu 1990, izo ankaganiza kuti adzakhala mwapadera analenga olowa ankapitabe "Euromil" amene ma sheya hoda adzabzala iwo. Mile, Kazan ndege Bzalani, kampani "Eurocopter" ndi NPO. Klimov. Hope Komabe, sizinatheke, nkhawa European zaka 13 wasiya gulu la pa ankapitabe limodzi uku akugwira ntchito ndi iwo pa mawu ndi matanthauzo opindulitsa. Ambiri mwina, zitsanzo kupanga akhale okonzeka ndi injini Klimovskaya TV7-117V amene ali zawonjezeka kunja Anzawo, koma ndi pang'ono m'munsi mphamvu (2 × 2350 = 4700 HP) koma ndithu bwinobwino kukweza Mi-38. Ndege, makhalidwe amene amadwala izo pang'ono, adzakhalabe popanda kudalira imports.

zipangizo

avionics Modern IBKO-38 ndi kupangidwa ndi "Transas Aviation", izo ikuchitika sayansi "mandala cockpit". Izi zikutanthauza kuti chifukwa adalira zipangizo akhoza kukhala zonse chonse aone, kuti zowoneka potaya zinthu padziko ndege ndi pansi. Oyendetsa ntchito malo okonzeka ndi kusonyezedwa LCD asanu, kompyuta zipangizo ndi digito kulamulira mode, galimoto ndi zonse pa bolodi zida. Autopilot zimathandiza pa maziko a BEVM. Navigation yatenganso Doppler speedometer. Mu uta ndi makina ounikira, kuwonjezera pa malo okhudza malo a amayankha makina ndi nyengo. Palinso kamera osiyana, amene amalola kulamulira udindo wa katundu pa choponyera kunja. Misa ndi kukhazikika makhalidwe ndi ayesedwa basi.

nkhani chitetezo

Kuti munthu apambane chitsimikizo mayiko a wopanga iliyonse ndege ayenera kuonetsetsa kukhazikitsa angapo a zinthu ICAO gulu lapadziko lonse. Total mpaka prototypes anayi umatulutsa. Last Mi-38 (uthenga ulalikidwa-4) chimasiyana ndi amene wapitawu pamaso pa dongosolo mafuta akhoza kulimbana nkhonya chachikulu pansi. Choncho kukwaniritsa mkulu mlingo wa chitetezo moto. Galimotoyo, blanking kuchokera kugunda pansi pa liwiro mkulu ndichepe, komanso muyeso kuonjezera adalira survivability ndi anthu likhoza zochitika mwadzidzidzi, koma amapanga anapereka kale mu chitukuko cha nthawi yapita (uthenga ulalikidwa-2 ndi uthenga ulalikidwa-3), ndi Mi-38 ndege.

2014 anali tsiku la akamaliza ntchito zonse kudziyesa ndipo kumalizidwa kwa wotsogolera ntchito kamangidwe. Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa kusintha kapangidwe mndandanda kupanga, mosakaika, adzapitiriza, kuphatikizapo zinthu kukonza chitetezo ntchito.

Kuthana options

Kale mu chitukuko cha m'munsi chitsanzo akatswiri Bureau dzina lake. Mile anamvetsa kuti, malingana ngati iwo analenga makina Mipikisano cholinga, ayenera kusinthidwa kuti akakomane linafalitsidwa kwambiri zotheka osiyanasiyana ofunsira. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kuganiza kuti kumanga osavuta wa zosintha apadera zochokera chiwembu zofunika. Choyamba muyenera galimoto zonyamula (mu chimake imeneyi, zikhoza malo ogona anthu 32). Za zosowa za asilikali ndipo musati muiwale, Unduna wa chitetezo - makasitomala yabwino ndi odalirika. Chuma cha dziko Ziyeneranso m'malo a Mi-8 Choncho, kusinthidwa katundu n'chofunikanso. Moe imathandiza ndege ambulansi. Ndiyeno - nthawi adzatiuza.

Nthawi zonse, galimoto akusowa odalirika ndi yabwino njira potsegula ndi ngalawa. mbali zonse izi za Mi-38 ndege. Photos katundu kanyumba chidwi nzeru ya malo a mayunitsi onse lakonzedwa kuti vutoli. Katundu limbikitsa ali ndi m'lifupi mwake 1800 mm, izo amaperekedwa ndi zochotsa limagwirira ndi mphamvu yakutali hayidiroliki. Mu mbali kutsegula kwa potsegula khomo wokwera chilengedwe winch mkulu (300 kg) katundu mphamvu, ndi kusuntha mkati kanyumba ntchito mwa mayendedwe zochotseka wodzigudubuza.

Akubwera posachedwa!

Amafuna chiyambi cha ntchito zonse za Mi-38 ndege, zikuoneka, nthawi pang'ono. Woyamba chitsanzo kupanga ayalidwa kale pa m'matangadza wa mbewu Kazan ndege, ena adzakhala kumutsatira. Mu zaka zingapo, ndi silhouette zapadera makina adzakhala bwino kwa onse. Kodi Mi-38 monga mmene 8 chiyani? Kodi kukhala monga odziwika padziko lonse lapansi? Nthawi adzatiuza.