Transpiration ndi chiyani? NKHANI mowa madzi zomera

Ndondomeko mowa madzi m'thupi mbewu zochokera evaporation. Komabe, kumva ndi makhalidwe angapo anatomical ndi thupi mbewu.

transpiration ndi chiyani?

Voliyumu ya madzi ukuphwera mbewu, nthawi zambiri kuposa ndalama zili chikhalidwe. Zochita zamakono zaulimi, funso la zolowa ndalama chinyezi ndi chimodzi mwa ofunika kwambiri. Malinga K. A. Timiryazeva, transpiration ndondomeko yonse yokhudza ndi wabwinobwino thupi zoipa. Ndipotu, si koyenera kuti mbewu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chikhalidwe wamkulu pansi chinyezi otsika ndi mkulu, m'nkhani yoyamba, transpiration (evaporation) ndi kwambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo kukula kwa zomera ndi chimodzimodzi kapena bwino mu nkhani yachiwiri.

Transpiration: phindu

Kumlingo, m'pofunika mbewu. Pofotokoza zimene transpiration, muyenera akutoma Maliko ntchito yake yoteteza. Evaporation amathandiza kuteteza zomera ku kutenthedwa pansi cheza cha mwachindunji dzuwa. Mwachitsanzo, kutentha kusiyana masamba, ankagwirizana ndi chinyezi ndipo ankagwirizana mwina kwanthawi mkati madigiri 7. Izi ndi zofunika makamaka kwa ndondomeko ya photosynthesis. mfundo ndi yakuti pamene ukagwira akuyamba chiwonongeko cha chloroplasts. Zimenezi, kubweza photosynthesis. Kutentha akadakwanitsira ndi mu osiyanasiyana madigiri 30-33 izo. Choncho, kodi transpiration? chitetezo Izi mbewu, kuzipatsa kulekerera kutentha bwino.

Kupitiriza kwa kayendedwe ka madzi

Pofotokoza zimene transpiration ndi, muyenera khutu ku imodzi mwa malo ake abwino. Imathandiza kuti kayendedwe mosalekeza wa madzi mizu masamba. Izo zikugwirizana mbali zonse za zomera ku umodzi. Pamodzi mankhwala mchere ndi mankhwala organic imakhudzidwa pamodzi ndi chikhalidwe matupi chinyezi. The kwambiri ndi ndondomeko ya transpiration, liwiro iwo kusuntha. Ena mankhwala akhoza anadzetsa maselo mu njira chabe. Transpiration, mwachidule kulankhula, ndi accelerator kulanditsa zinthu.

Gawo

Mukalongosola zimene transpiration, mukhoza chitani zochita za mitundu yake. Mu sayansi, pali mitundu iwiri ya izo. Transpiration kungakhale stomatal ndi cuticular. Mbali yoyamba ya evaporation ikuchitika kudzera stomata ndi, wachiwiri - ndi padziko lonse pepalalo. Kusiyana kumeneku anapangidwa koyamba mu 1877. Onetsetsani kuti transpiration si kudzera stomata, akhoza kukhala wosavuta. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kutenga masamba a apulo. Mu stomata ali yekha pansi. pamwamba ayenera kupaka Vaselini. Evaporation adzapitiriza kudzera cuticle, koma Pamlingo wamng'ono.

Kapangidwe stomatal evaporation

Transpiration zikuphatikizapo:

1. Kupita madzi zotengera za makoma xylem selo ndi symplast.
2. Evaporation mu podustichnye M'mimbamo ndi malo intercellular ndi mayamwidwe zina mu mlengalenga ozungulira mwa stomatal kudula.

M'munsi chinyezi wachibale, chindichepere madzi angathe mlengalenga ozungulira. Ngati ndi zosakwana cavities podustichnyh, evaporation zidzachitika kunja. Lamulo transpiration kungakhale stomatal ndi vneustichnoy. Woyamba ikuchitika mwa kutsegula ndi kutseka pores. Chikuto lathunthu transpiration yafupika ndi pafupifupi 90%.

mwamphamvu

Pafupipafupi transpiration tsiku anati zomera ambiri. Komabe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu uziyenda stomata amapezeka mosiyana. Zomera mthunzi-ololera, mitengo, mitundu ya udzu ndi zomera zina gidrostabilnyh, ndilo khalidwe la lamulo langwiro la transpiration stomatal, iwo amayamba m'bandakucha. Evaporation umalandira pazipita ake m'mawa. Ndi usana, mlingo transpiration yafupika. Kuchulukitsa kwake zimawonedwa kachiwiri madzulo ndi kuchepa mu kutentha. Chotero evaporation mwamphamvu amachititsa zazing'ono kusintha diurnal mu kuthamanga osmotic ndi buku la madzi masamba. Pa gidrolabilnyh (ndi luso kupirira kusinthasintha zakuthwa zili chinyezi mkati mwa tsiku) pali unimodal ndi evaporation pachimake masana. Ndipo kwenikweni, ndipo mu mulandu wina, transpiration usiku ndi kochepa kapena akusowa kwathunthu.