Una wakuda ndi ulendo nthawi

Ngakhale mu 1795 ndi Pierre-Simon Laplace ananeneratu kuti kuli nyenyezi ndi osalimba yaikulu ndi misa kuti yokoka wochokera iwo salola kuti adutse dzuŵa kufika padziko lapansi. Komabe, zinthu zakuthambo akuti "wakuda dzenje" anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito kokha mu 1968 kuyamika Wheeler, koma mpaka nthawi kuti ntchito dzina "nyenyezi mazira" kapena "collapsar".

Black mabowo - ndi dera ngati malo ndi nthawi imene amachita munda yokoka ya mphamvu lalikulu kuti chinthu chilichonse (ngakhale ray mtanda) sangathawe therefrom.

Kodi dzenje wakuda

The zamoyo wa nyenyezi malinga misa zawo kumachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. The zakuthambo kukhulupirira kuti nyenyezi-wakuda dzenje aumbike kwa kugwa kwa nyenyezi yaikulu kwambiri. Kenako woyaka wa hydrogen zikachitika, ndiye helium, kenako mukubwera mfundo "×", pamene kukula kwa zigawo pamwamba sangapezekenso tizisamala chifukwa chotengera cha mkati ndi katundu kulemera psinjika ndondomeko wayamba. Ngati unyinji wa nyenyezi ndi kwa 1.2 2, 5 misa dzuwa, ndiye kuphulika wamphamvu zimachitika. Tsokali kwambiri la nyenyeziyo ukaponyedwe kunja, ndi luminosity wa ukuwonjezeka nyenyezi mu mamiliyoni mazanamazana nthawi.

Mliri Ichi ndi chosowa kwambiri, malinga ndi Osachepera Way wathu, zimachitika kamodzi zana pa zaka. Pali latsopano ndi yowala nyenyezi, umatchedwanso "supernova". Komabe, ngati pambuyo ndi kuphulika kwa unyinji wa thunthu akadali kuposa 2.5 dzuwa chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka mphamvu compresses nyenyezi kwa makulidwe ting'onoting'ono. Pambuyo pa mapeto a nyukiliya njira nyenyezi sangathenso kukhala mu mkhalidwe wa bata - izo wothinikizidwa mokwanira, ndipo zinyama dziko anawonjezera wina wakuda kufikako maso dzenje. zodabwitsazi zili m'maganizo asayansi ambiri.

Black dzenje - makina nthawi?

Asayansi ambiri ali kukanda mitu yawo pa, n'zotheka kapena ayi kugwiritsa ntchito una wakuda kupita nthawi. Palibe amene akudziwa zomwe ziri tsidya mmene kanyamaka ili dziko. Mu 1935, Einstein ndi Rouzenom wakhala hypothesized kuti ang'ambe thupilo yaing'ono dzenje wakuda N'kutheka kuti chikugwirizana ndi gawo lina la dzenje wina wakuda, potero kupanga njira yotulukira yopapatiza kudzera malo ndi nthawi.

Pamaziko a chiphunzitso ichi, Katswiri Kip Thorne anatulukira aligorivimu kuti ntchito okhwima masamu chilinganizo limafotokoza mfundo ya ntchito ndi nthawi makina sayansi. Komabe, kupanga zipata zosakhalitsa mlingo ano sayansi, tsoka, si kokwanira.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, osalekerera British zakuthambo Stiven Hoking akukhulupirira kuti chinthu anagwidwa dzenje wakuda Kodi kutha kwathunthu - misa, mphamvu anabwerera ku chilengedwe mu mawonekedwe a mudziwe. Pa nthawi, chiphunzitso choyambirira mabowo wakuda Hawking akhale yojambula weniweni m'munda wa astrophysics. Tsopano, malingana ndi chiphunzitso chatsopano, mabowo wakuda kumvera malamulo a kwadzidzidzi sayansi. Chiphunzitso chatsopano bungwe S. Hawking, kupanga n'zosatheka ntchito mabowo wakuda kwa nthawi kuyenda kapena kuyenda mu mlengalenga.

Kodi tidzathanso kuwaona nthawi makina Kip Thorne ndipo umayenera kukhala ndi maganizo Stephen Hawking chiyani? Pamene iwo amati, nthawi adzatiuza. Padakali pano, ife tikhoza amanena ndi chiyembekezo cha asayansi latsopano kafukufuku.