"Unessennye Mphepo": a zisudzo. "Zapita ndi Mphepo" - tingachipeze powerenga za mafilimu a kanema dziko

"Zapita ndi Mphepo" - filimu kuti anasonyeza dziko gulu la zisudzo luso. Viven Li, Olivia de A Havilland, Klark Geybl, Leslie Howard - kusewera ntchito zazikulu kosatha mu mitima ya zochitika omvera ngwazi kuti anatenga malo kum'mwera US. Kodi akuuza chithunzi, chinajambulidwa ndi wotsogolera American Viktorom Flemingom, zinthu zimene chidwi chinachitika pa m'ndandanda wa "Zapita Ndi Mphepo", chomwe chinali njira kulenga zisudzo momwe mapeto ao? Izi n'zimene nkhani yathu.

chiwembu

"Zapita ndi Mphepo" - filimu motsogoleredwa ndi Victor Fleming, amene linayamba kuonetsedwa pa December 15, 1939. Chifukwa cha chitsanzo cha chiwembu kuika eponymous bwino kugulitsa wolemba American Margaret Mitchell, amene anapata mu 1937 ndi Pulitzer Prize.

The zochitika anafotokoza mu buku ndi chophimba mabaibulo Fleming kufalitsidwa kum'mwera kwa United States pa Civil nkhondo m'zaka za m'ma 19. Kukangana kumpoto limati mafakitale madera kum'mwera ulimi America kokha maziko kuonetsa malo a anthu ngati nthawi yovuta. Ndipo, ngakhale zonse, moyo umapitilira pozungulira, ali ndi malo chikondi, ubwenzi, umunthu.

The mbali yaikulu filimu - wonyada Wakummwera Scarlett O'Hara. Iwo uli wolemera, wooneka bwino, Irish magazi mu misempha yake, ndipo iye ali ndi khalidwe zosaneneka - luso mosavuta captivate amuna. Scarlett ndi kuonetsetsa kuti anthu onse ogwira ntchito ake openga. Ngati iye yekha Zokuthandizani pa maganizo mwagwirizana - ndipo palibe amene angalimbane. Koma posakhalitsa iye amadziwa kukhumudwa chifukwa cha chikondi, amene akukhala okha oyambirira moyo phunziro. Dziko lonse ndi pinki Scarlett kugwa. Koma mkazi wamng'ono uyu ndi bwino kuti ali ndi pakati, ndipo iye anachita sangachitenso pamaso zitani moyo. mawu ake wotchuka, "Ine ndikuganiza za izo mawa ..." kwapita m'gulu la sitima.

Za filimuyi

Cipangizo "Zapita ndi Mphepo" anali tepi nthawi zonse. Kuwonjezera kuti chachititsa kuti apatsidwe 8 mphoto "Oscar" m'magulu osiyanasiyana, bokosi ofesi ya matikiti anagulitsa pa zokambirana kuposa malamulo onse cholandirika mbiri ya mafilimu a kanema American. Mu 1989, filimu m'gulu la Register National wa United States mafilimu.

Mulinso mu filimu anachita osati American, komanso zisudzo British. "Zapita ndi Mphepo" - tepi, amene kuwombera kumafuna zambiri zochitika chidwi. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo sitima pa bwalo kuwombera zitsanzo matabwa, zimene zinachititsa yomanga kalipentala Devid Selznik - mu filimu palibe weniweni nthunzi sitima.

Koma kulenga zochitika zimene Scarlett ndi Rhett kusiya moto Atlanta, izo anaiyatsanso yaikulu zokongoletsa kuti sizigwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo anasunga pambuyo kuwombera mu mafilimu ena.

Choona chidwi n'chakuti "Zapita ndi Mphepo" - woyamba mtundu chithunzi, potengera chitsanzo zitatu mtundu. A filimu zokongola ambiri patapita nthawi yaitali - yekha mu 60s kwa zaka za m'ma 20. Mu 2004, kupenta anabwezeretsedwa mothandizidwa ndi ntchito kompyuta. The chifukwa digitized a "anasonyeza" osiyanasiyana mbali yaing'ono, imperceptible filimuyi Mpambo gwero.

Zosangalatsa za zisudzo za

Ammayi Viven Li, amene ankaimba mbali yaikulu mu filimu "Zapita ndi Mphepo," anaponyedwa mwachisawawa kwathunthu. Zodabwitsa, ndi "American Woman" unali mngelezi, ngakhale chawo chofuna ntchito mu filimu anapha anthu oposa 1,400 actresses. Ena a iwo pambuyo nawo udindo episodic Mwachitsanzo, fano magulu ojambula pawokha Wilkes analenga Alisiya Rett, koma Kathleen ankasewera pa nsalu yotchinga Marcella Martin.

N'zochititsa chidwi, koma zisudzo awiri kuchokera kwa amene ankachita ya zithunzi, kwenikweni ankakhala mu nthawi ya zochitika zikuchitika mu filimu - Harry Davenport, yemwe amaseweretsa Dr. Meade ndi Margaret Mann, amene ankaimba namwino mu chipatala.

Mpaka lero anapulumuka zisudzo awiri okha amene anachita "wapita ndi Mphepo" - ndi Olivia de A Havilland mu filimu unachita udindo wa Melanie Wilkes, ndi Mikki Kun (Bo Uilks).

Pamene filimu kanatuluka lendi, iye yomweyo zinatchuka chachikulu pakati pa omvetsera. mawu ambiri ndi mawu ndi zilembo zazikulu mu filimu "chinthu cha anthu." malo Myfilms.com ngakhale anachita kafukufuku wapadera, zotsatira amene amagwira, "Kunena zoona, wokondedwa anga, ine sindikusamala» (Moona, wokondedwa wanga, ine sindikufuna osalabadira) lili pa nambala wachiwiri kwa onse replicas ankakonda moviegoers.

Amene ankaimba Eshli Uilksa

Ntchito ya wokonda loyamba heroine ndi Scarlett O'Hara - Eshli Uilksa - ankaimba British wosewera, wotsogolera ndi sewerolo Leslie Howard.

munthu anabadwa mu April 1893 ku UK, mu banja lalikulu, pamene kuwonjezera izo anakulira lina abale ndi alongo anayi wamng'ono. Kuyambira ali mwana, Leslie anali ndi chidwi zisudzo, bungwe kunyumba zisudzo kwa achibale awo. Izo ziyenera ananena kuti mwanayo chizolowezi analimbikitsa yekha ndi mayi. Atate wa wosewera tsogolo ankakhulupirira kuti akuchita - osati zinazake wamwamuna, ndipo m'tsogolo, analimbikira kuti mwana wake anasankha lalikulu ndipo oyenera ntchito.

Nditamaliza maphunziro a ukachenjede Dalvichskogo Howard ali kalaliki ku banki. Ndi mliri wa World nkhondo II Leslie anakwera Hussars 20 ndi awiri anatenga gawo mu Nkhondo pa Western Front. nkhondo sanali pochitika popanda sanachite - Howard anali nkhondo gwero lachisokonezo, kenako m'chipatala. Kachiwiri, panali zisudzo pa moyo wake, ndipo tsopano - monga mankhwala, monga kubwezeretsa ndi kutsitsimutsa moyo.

kulenga yonena

Lesli Govarda ntchito pa siteji anayamba ndi maudindo ang'onoang'ono. Bakuman ntchito mu ntchito wosewera anali staging a British Wolemba wina Arthur Pinero "Freaks" mu 1918. Kuwonjezera pa kugwira ntchito mu zisudzo za munthu chinkhoswe mu kulemba masewero, mmodzi wa amene anaikidwa pa siteji ya Broadway mu 1927.

Mu filimu, Leslie analowa akula - wosewera anali makumi atatu mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri, koma ntchito yake filimu anayamba mofulumira. Mu 1931, pankhani yokhudza "Awiriwo adzakhala konse naye." Wotsatira unali ntchito filimu "Free Soul", ndi sewero lanthabwala "Kudzipereka," melodrama "asanu ndi khumi."

Paudindo wokondedwa Scarlett Eshli Uilksa mu filimu "Zapita ndi Mphepo" (1939) Howard anakonda omvera. Akukhulupirira kuti maluwa a luso lake patapita zaka 30 za zana la 20. Ntchito yopambana kwambiri ya makanema wosewera wa angatchedwe "Berkeley Square", "Pygmalion," "ulusi wofiira Pimpernel".

Mu 1938, wosewera wa anapambana Venice Film Chikondwerero mphoto. Mwatsoka, June 1943, Leslie Howard chisoni anafa - anali kuimitsa ndege nambala 777 "Lisbon-London", limene anafika kumaloko ake - ndege anawomberedwa pansi olimbana German.

Wambiri Vivian Meri Hartli

Inimitable udindo wa Scarlett O'Hara mu filimu anachita ndi British Ammayi Viven Li (Vivian Meri Hartli).

Iye anabadwa mu mzinda India Darjeeling, chifukwa bambo ake Ernest Hartli anali mkulu mu Indian apakavalo. Kwa nthawi yoyamba pa siteji ya Vivian yaing'ono anachita pa zaka zitatu - anatenga mbali mu ankachita masewera zisudzo gulu la amayi ake, Gertrude Hartley.

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti chikondi cha luso anakakhala mtima wa Vivian yekha chifukwa cha amayi anga. mwana wamkazi wa mayiyo anaika kukonda mabuku, kutsegula kwa dziko zamatsenga ntchito za Hans Mkhristu Andersen, Rudyard Kipling, Lewis Carroll. Mtsikana ana aang'ono akulakalaka ntchito ya Ammayi ndipo otsimikiza kuti kwenikweni maloto kukhala zenizeni.

Vivian anali mwana yekhayo, ndipo makolo ake ankafuna kupereka zonse zimene akanatha ake. aspiring Ammayi anayamba ndi mapangidwe agulupa ya Mtima Wopatulika wa England, anapitiriza ku Ulaya. Chotsatira mu kuphunzira inali Royal Academy of Tirhana Kwambiri ku London.

ndani iye, Viven Li?

Mu masiku ano mafilimu a kanema otsutsa ndi akatswiri filimu ndikukhulupirira Ammayi mmodzi wa aakulu actresses nthawi mafilimu. Vivian Hartley anali wokongola kwambiri ndipo amazipanga luso mkazi, koma maonekedwe anabisa mphepo yamkuntho chikondi, limene kwa zaka zambiri anawonongedwa mkati dziko wojambula. Women zambiri ankaona kuti kukongola kwake - ndi limene limafotokoza za mavuto, chifukwa cha zomwe si zocheza ndi anthu ena. Vivienne moyo lonse ankavutika ndi chifundo cha maganizo wosangalala monyanyira, motero udachita mbiri katswiri wa zisudzo ndi khalidwe chonyansa. Iye nthawi zonse nkhawa amadwaladwala - monga mkazi wamng'ono anapezeka ndi TB. Ndipo kulephera mu moyo wake sanali kuwonjezera chidaliro.

ntchito Vivian Hartley monga wojambula inayamba mu si nthawi yokoma ya moyo wake. Ammayi anali atakwatiwa kwa loya Herbert Leigh Zoyenera anabereka mwana wamkazi, ndi kukhala nthawi zonse kunyumba, mpweya ku moyo nthawi ndi tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndiyamika anzanu Vivian ali pa zenera ndipo anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu ake mu filimu "Zinthu akupita bwino" ndi mbali yaing'ono.

ntchito

Akukhulupirira kuti kuwuka kwa ntchito yake linayamba kuyamba wa sewerolo "chigoba cha Ukoma" mu 1935, pamene masewera Ammayi analandira ndemanga yabwino, ndi kulemba za izo mu manyuzipepala. Pambuyo pake, Vivian Hartley anaganiza kutenga pseudonym. Kuyambira tsopano dzina lake Vivienne. Ammayi dzina anali khirisipi ndi bwino - Lee.

Posakhalitsa moyo Ammayi anaonekera munthu wokondedwa. Iwo anakhala amzathu - Lourens Olive. Kukonda mitima sangakhale pamodzi, monga sanali ufulu. Komanso, patapita nthawi - chifukwa chosowa chitukuko ntchito yake - Lawrence anatsamira pa nyanja pofufuza cha moyo wabwino. Vivien anatsalira ku London, koma posakhalitsa. Posakhalitsa, anaitanidwa mayeso mu filimu "Zapita ndi Mphepo," ndipo iye, kumenya mpikisano ambiri, anatenga udindo patsogolo mu filimu.

Kuwombera mafilimu anapatsidwa Vivienne mosavuta. mikangano zonse ndi mikangano ndi wotsogolera afooketse thanzi, amene ayamba nkhawa Ammayi lapansi. Mu 1940, moyo wake ndi Olivier, ndi Li wakhala kusintha. Adakhoza kusudzula akazi awo ndi kuyanjana m'banja. Ukwatiwo unachitika ku Santa Barbara mu California, koma mwambo sanali alendo.

Vivian Hartley - wopambana mphoto ziwiri "Oscar" (kwa Best Ammayi Scarlett O'Hara mu filimu "wapita ndi Mphepo" ndi chifanizo cha Blansh Dyubua mu "pagalimoto wotchedwa" Kukhumba ""). Kwa ntchito yake, yomwe inatenga pafupi zaka makumi atatu, Vivien anali ndi mwayi kusewera zambiri zosiyanasiyana maudindo.

Mu 1960, Ammayi ndi banja lake linatha Olivier ndipo anasiya ntchito mu film, kuwonekera apo mu bwalo lamasewera. M'chaka cha 1967, Lee anayamba kuukira amphamvu TB. M'chaka anamwalira ndipo unachita kutenthedwa. Mapulusa a Ammayi ndi inatha pa dziwe pafupi ndi nyumba yake.

William Klark Geybl

The mbali yaikulu - Rhett Butler - Fleming mu filimu ankaimba ndi inimitable Uilyam Geybl. wosewera ankaona chizindikiro kugonana 30-40s. Kwa nthawi yaitali anavala dzina lakuti Mfumu ya Hollywood.

Klark Geybl anabadwa mu America, ku Ohio, mu February 1901, mwana wa mafuta bwino driller. mayi a Calvin atamwalira posachedwa akabereka, choncho mwanayo sakudziwa chikondi cha mayi - analeredwa ndi akulera ana opeza wake. Matabwa makolo makolo anali mizu German. Zimenezi ndi chidwi ndi nkhani yonena za wosewera, chifukwa pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, munthu nawo mabomba pa Germany.

Wosewera Klark Geybl anali chidwi umunthu. Sakunong'oneza pa maganizo a anthu ena, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa dzina la atate wake, mopanda tsankho iye analankhula za Ammayi Greta Garbo. moyo wosewera Povunduka phiri mtsinje. A nthawi munthu asanu kuti akwatire mkazi wake ndi awiri anali okalamba kwambiri matabwa. ana awiri apathengo amene amabadwa panthawi zosiyanasiyana ndi akazi osiyana, sindikudziwa kwa nthawi yaitali amene bambo anabadwira.

Mu 1935, Klark Geybl anali kupereka pa "Oscar" pa ntchito yake mu filimu "Kunachitika wina Night." Iye anali mu repertoire wake, ndi, kubwera powonekera wa Fano, iye n'kuwauza kuti: "Zikomo."

Klark Geybl anafa November 16, 1960 - anatengedwa ndi vuto la mtima chabwino kwa Anatipatsa.

Olivia de A Havilland

Main odana Scarlett O'Hara mu filimu "wapita ndi Mphepo" - Melanie Wilkes - ankaimba ndi a Anglo-American Ammayi Olivia de A Havilland. Iye anabadwa mu July 1916 mu banja la British loya zisudzo zisudzo. Kuwonjezera Olivia de A Havilland m'banja anakula mwana wina wamkazi - Joan. Zodabwitsa, atsikanawo anakulira, iwo anaganiza zopita njira imodzi - akuchita. Komabe, kupikisana ndi nsanje wina ndi mzake kupambana alongo onse anali - anasiya kulankhulana.

ntchito yake katswiri wa zisudzo Olivia anayamba pa siteji mu sewerolo "Midsummer Night wa Dream", umene pa siteji Hollywood Bowl ku Los Angeles. Koma posakhalitsa, adatenga mtundu wanyimbo osiyanasiyana kukongola - mkaziyo anayamba kuchita zinthu mwachangu mafilimu. Akukhulupirira kuti bwino kwambiri mu ntchito ya Ammayi anali chabe 30 ndi 40 zaka za m'ma 20. Olivia de A Havilland ntchito mafilimu monga "The Zopatsa Chidwi cha Robin Guda," "woyang'anira Kuwala apakavalo" ndipo, ndithudi, mu filimu "Zapita ndi Mphepo." Ndi chokulungira izi filimu yapindula kuzindikira mayiko Olivia - iye anali asankha kuti "Oscar" mphoto chifukwa Kuthandiza Ammayi. Kenako, Ammayi adalandira Fano wokondedwa - ntchito yake mu filimu "Kwa Munthu Aliyense Ake Omwe" (1947), ndi ntchito mu "The Heiress."

Olivia de A Havilland anawomberedwa mpaka 70s mochedwa. Pa phewa lake linali buku mafilimu monga "Kuzina wanga Reychel", "Chathu Woukira," "Leka, Tonthola, wokoma Charlotte," "The Chachisanu Musketeer."

Monga tanena kale, m'nthawi yathu akali wina wa ochita pa, "Zapita ndi Mphepo." Awiri a iwo, ndipo mmodzi wa iwo - Olivia de A Havilland. Tikufuna Ammayi ali ndi moyo wautali.

Evelyn Luiza Chinsinsi

Evelyn Luiza Chinsinsi - American filimu ndi gawo Ammayi amene anabadwa mu boma la Texas, m'tawuni zigawo mu November 1916. Zilandiridwenso Evelyn anatuluka aang'ono - kukhala wamng'ono iye ankaimba nawo kwaya. Kukula, Evelyn walemba mgwirizano yosapitirira kuwombera mu filimu. ntchito Ammayi anayamba ndi maudindo ang'onoang'ono mafilimu angapo pa filimu situdiyo awapatse Pictures. Mu filimu "Zapita ndi Mphepo" Evelyn Luiza Chinsinsi ankaimba udindo wa mlongo Scarlett O'Hara a - Suellen. Pambuyo ntchito mafilimu monga "Union Pacific", kumene Ammayi unachita udindo wa Akazi a Calvin; "Munthu wavala chinyawu pa," zimene Evelyn Keyes ankaimba Helen Williams, "Iron Man" ntchito ya Rouz Uorren.

Mu 1955, iye nyenyezi mu "zisanu ndi ziwiri itch" filimu. chitsanzo amadziwika kuti udindo waukulu mu inimitable ake anaimba Marilyn Monroe. Mu 1956, Evelyn Luiza Chinsinsi nyenyezi mu filimu "Padziko Lonse 80 Masiku" ndipo anasiya ntchito ku kanema zaka 30. mu filimu "Oipa Mayi" - "A Abwerera Salem Loti Salem kufa ndi 2," ndipo mu 1989 mpaka 1987, iye anaonekera pa TV mu filimu.

Komanso kuchita zinthu luso, mkazi anapeza luntha lake zolembalemba. Mu 1977 adaona kuwala kwa Mlanduwu autobiographical buku lotchedwa "The mlongo wamng'ono wa Scarlett O'Hara: moyo wanga owala mu Hollywood ndi kupitirira," limene Ammayi nawo owerenga zinsinsi za tsogolo lawo.

Mu moyo wake kumbuyo Evelyn mabanja awo anali anayi. Ndi mwamuna chachitatu cha mkazi anatengera mwana - mnyamata Pablo. Ammayi anafa July 2008 chifukwa cha khansa.

Ena zisudzo ( "Zapita ndi Mphepo" - filimu ndi zambiri aluso zinali zotani, onse wotchuka osati) ankaimba cameo udindo mu filimu - mwachitsanzo, Mitchell Tomás ndi Barbara O'Neil. Pambuyo filimu imeneyi pa moyo wawo kulenga anali ntchito zofunika kwambiri, koma amaonetsa amapezeka kucheza ndi zisudzo atchulidwa wa lodziwika bwino filimu Viktora Fleminga.

Mitchell

Thomas Mitchell - ndi wosewera amene anachita udindo wa bambo Scarlett O'Hara a - anabadwa ku New Jersey mu July 1892. makolo ake anasamuka ku United States ku Ireland. Nditamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, Mitchell ntchito ngati mtolankhani nyuzipepala, ndipo anayamba kulenga zipinda zisudzo mu mtundu wanyimbo azithunzithunzi. The zisudzo anali mu 1913 ndipo patadutsa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri wapanga pantchito yabwino pa Broadway.

Mu 1923, pa kuwonekera koyamba kugulu la Mitchell mu kanema. Iye nyenyezi mu filimu "Chikondi-sikisi", kuchita ntchito ochepa. Ndipo posachedwa wosewera yafika kutchuka woona. Pambuyo kutenga mbali mu filimu "Lost Kwambiri," anayamba kubenthula ndi mwayi wa ntchito. Wosewera nawo mafilimu monga "Only Angelo nawo mapiko," "The Hunchback wa Notre Dame", "The Long Way Home", "Mdima Water".

Mu 1940, Mitchell anali kupereka pa "Oscar" Mphoto kwa Kuthandiza wosewera mu filimu "chikuku". Kuwonjezera kujambula kanema, munthu ankagwira ntchito pa televizioni. ntchito zake zinali kupereka mphoto "Tony" ndi "Emmy."

wosewera The anamwalira mu December 1962 pa msinkhu wa zaka 70. Chopereka ake mafilimu Mitchell Thomas walemekezedwa nyenyezi pa "Yendani Omveka" mu Hollywood.

mayi Scarlett a

Barbara O'Neil - American filimu ndi gawo Ammayi amene anabadwa mu Missouri mu July 1910. Fans chithunzipo "Zapita Ndi Mphepo" Ammayi amadziwika udindo wake monga mayi wa Scarlett O'Hara.

Personal moyo ndi ntchito ya Barbara zapiringizana pamodzi, monga izo zinali ntchito mu zamasewero ku yunivesite ya Cape m'nyanja zikuluzikulu anali kuwonekera koyamba kugulu la akazi pa ntchito wosewera wa. Zisudzo imatsogoleredwa Dzhoshua Logan, amene anadzakhala mwamuna wa Barbara.

Mu filimu, Ammayi kumalondolera zaka 27, ndipo chithunzi chake choyamba chinali "Stella Dallas". Kenaka ntchito mafilimu monga "Zapita ndi Mphepo"; "Mkazi-chidole", imene Ammayi ndi nyenyezi monga Louise Brigard; "Chinsinsi Beyond Khomo", pomwe Barbara ankaimba Mimmo Robe, "Ine ndikukumbukira mayi anga," udindo wa Dzhessi Braun. Mufilimuyi modabwitsa "The Nun a Nkhani" bwenzi Barbara O'Neill pa akonzedwa anali Odri Hepbern.

Kwambiri pa ntchito ya Ammayi ndi ankaona kupenta "Zonsezi ndi kudzulu," limene O'Neal ankaimba Duchess Prazlinskuyu. Ndi ntchito imeneyi m'chaka cha 1940 iye anali asankha kuti "Oscar".

Ammayi anamwalira ali ndi zaka 70. Chifukwa cha imfa ya Barbara O'Neil anali ndi vuto la mtima.

ubadwa wathu Ndikufuna kumaliza amagwira la American wotsutsa Leonard Moltina kuti molondola chimatanthauza akamanena za mafilimu wotchuka: "Ngati - osati mmodzi wa opambana nthawi kuti filimu, Ndi chosadabwitsa chitsanzo chachikulu cha cinematic, kusunga chidwi pafupifupi maola anayi" . Osati ntchito wamng'onong'ono mu bwino filimu unachita nawo zisudzo ake. "Zapita ndi Mphepo" muyaya lolembedwa mayina a Viven Li ndi Clark matabwa, komanso ena ojambula zithunzi mofanana luso mbiri ya mafilimu a kanema dziko.