Uvuni ntchito kuchokera supercharged: kamangidwe, ntchito mfundo. mafuta ng'anjo

Pakuti Kutentha malo luso (mosungira, kukambirana ndi ena.) Katumikira ntchito pa ng'anjo ndi popanda kulipiritsa. Kupanga zolondola chipangizo limalola kuti wothandizila abwino kwa Kutentha danga ndi Kutentha madzi.

Ntchito mafuta zambiri alibiretu poti apite, ndi nkhuni, ndi bwino chifukwa si koyenera kukhala ndi sitolo nkhuni kapena amathera magetsi. mafuta si malita oposa 2 paola. Pankhaniyi si zofunika kukonzeketsera makamaka mawu a magetsi, kukonza ndi kupereka mpope kwambiri.

Pluses ng'anjo pa ntchito yake

Ndi ntchito ndi chitetezo moyenera malamulo pa ng'anjo Ubwino zimachitika.

1. Imayenera Kutentha akachita malo: zipinda luso, greenhouses, nyumba oyang'anira tauni.
2. Mofulumira Kutentha kwa malo a.
3. chipangizo ufulu kwa mpweya ndi magetsi.
4. Kamangidwe limakupatsani kuphika.
5. Mu mode wabwinobwino, uvuni sapereka kwambiri mwaye ndi grime.
6. Easy ntchito.
7. Kuthekera zoyendera chifukwa kukula yaing'ono ndi kulemera.
8. Pakalibe moto.
9. Kupanga ng'anjo angagwiritse ntchito zidutswa.
10. Ng'anjo imapereka mafuta kuyaka ndi nthuzi ake. Pamene chipangizo si zikugwira ntchito bwino moto ngozi.

zolakwa

Pali, mwatsoka, iwo ali kuipa:

• kuukonza ayenera osasankhidwa, ngati zosafunika kuononga kudyetsa chubu;
• nyumba muyenera amayesetsa m'chumunicho oposa 4 mamita;
• chifukwa kali kotsegula otentha;
• kufunika pafupipafupi yoyeretsa ya ng'anjo ndi flue;
• malodor mafuta;
• maofesi kuipitsidwa ndi zovala pokhudzana ndi ntchito;
• kuzimitsa uvuni pokhapokha kuyaka wathunthu wa mafuta;
• ngozi moto chifukwa ntchito molakwika, monga zikusefukira ntchito pa chipinda kuyaka;
• mafuta zounikira kokha pamene usavutike ndi kung'anima kutentha;
• kung'ung'uza pa ntchito.

Mfundo ntchito

Maziko ntchito pa ng'anjo anatumikira palafini mbaula, omwe anali kale ntchito zing'onozing'ono ndi m'midzi. Nkhuni panali ntchito palafini, zomwe Anthu afterburning mu chipinda osiyana. Pofuna kuti ndalama pa mafuta, izo njira ina moto zinyalala mafuta, ena makampani kupereka wotchipa kapena mfulu.

Pangani uvuni ndi manja ake si ovuta, koma m'kati kuyaka kwa mafuta kunachitika izo ndi zovuta kumvetsa. Kuti awiriwiri ndi mnyamata anatentha kwathunthu, iwo ayenera kuluka kwa kusanganikirana bwino. zigawo zikuluzikulu zolemera ayenera Pre-unagawika kuwala kwa kuyaka wathunthu wa mafuta. ndondomeko anandiyitana pyrolysis. Pakuti evaporation amafuna Kutentha mafuta.

Mfundo ntchito mafuta ng'anjo ndi kuti kuukonza woyamba akayaka m'chipinda m'munsi. Pankhaniyi amalandira mpweya kudzera vavu fulumizitsa kuti nthawi mphamvu ya kuyaka lapansi. nthunzi mafuta ndi mpweya kudzuka chubu umodzi, amene pamodzi ndi thanki chapamwamba ndi afterburner. Pamene osakaniza izi linatekeseka pansi zochita za mphamvu Coriolis. The mwamphamvu zimadalira kusankha olondola a m'litali ndi awiri a chipinda kuyaka.

Pakuti kuyaka wathunthu mpweya wolowera khumudwitsidwa m'munsi zedi osakwanira. Choncho, zina mawere kudzera mabowo anapanga mu ofukula perforated chitoliro kulumikiza akasinja.

Ndiye otaya mpweya amapita kuti chomaliza chipinda pambuyo kuyaka operekedwa mu mawonekedwe a kukodzedwa chidebe pamwamba. Linapangidwa ndi cm yopingasa pakati kubwereketsa za chipinda kuyaka ndi polowera wa m'chumunicho zofunika kulenga kutentha kudumpha pakati pa mabacteria mpweya ndi okusayidi asafe afterburning. chakuti pa kutentha m'munsimu 600 ⁰ C. Nayitirojeni oxides yogwira mpweya, ndi iwo oxidize particles mafuta makamaka decomposing mu ndondomekoyi. Ndi kukula kutentha, izo zimakhala zazikulu oxidant mpweya ndi zinthu zoipa kusiya kudzera m'chumunicho mu mlengalenga. Choncho, kutentha mu thanki chapamwamba ndi osafunika.

Mitundu ng'anjo mafuta zinyalala

Mauvuni ntchito mfundo za fumes pambuyo kuyaka pamene usavutike mafuta. Mu mafuta abwino pyrolysis wagawo, kuli kotheka kubala Kutentha mu chipinda kuyamwa. The mafunsidwe a evaporation ndi kudyetsedwa m'ng'anjo positi kuyaka. Palinso aziwapatsa mpweya zothandiza kuyaka. Mabanja kuwotcha ndi kutentha kwakukulu.

Uvuni ntchito kunja, inu mukhoza kuchita izo nokha. Mabukuwa akhoza kukhala mpweya zonenepa, mapaipi kapena zitsulo.

Kodi kupanga yaing'ono uvuni mphamvu ndi manja awo

Ngati muli ndi luso kuwotcherera magetsi, mafuta ng'anjo zikhoza kuchitidwa paokha. Ndi zida zophunzitsira ndi zojambula ng'anjo.

Kusonkhana chipangizo, muyenera zida zina. Ali:

• zida chifukwa kuwotcherera;
• akupera zipangizo mphamvu;
• kubowola ndi Tinthu kubowola;
• locksmith zipangizo.

Pambuyo pa msonkhano kugwirizana ndi kuti zili zikayamba mafuta sangathe kutayikira kudzera zisindikizo ndi welds.

Mafuta ng'anjo kukonza limapangidwa muli awiri cylindrical chikugwirizana ndi chitoliro perforated. Thanki chapamwamba zikuphatikizapo kugawa mkati, ndipo osamukira wachibale olamulira m'munsi. muli Round akhoza m'malo ndi lalikulu kapena anayi. mbaula sinditi kupeza ntchito poipa. Pa dongosolo la pansi waikidwa mwa miyendo welded.

Ochiritsira mafuta ng'anjo ali ndi mphamvu palibe kW kuposa 3-4. Iwo akhoza kuchita zambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka njila kukula. Chotsatira ndi kukhazikitsa chipinda awiri pambuyo kuyaka, chakudya thanki galimoto mu chipinda kuyaka woyamba ndi ng'anjo kutsetsereka. Bwino kwambiri ndi mafuta ng'anjo ndi supercharging. Kupeza mphamvu choposa 15 kW ndi kuwonjezeka zamitundu ndi kosathandiza. Evaporation Voterani mafuta ali ndi malire, pamwamba lomwe limapezeka wakuda ndi utsi.

Uvuni ntchito kuchokera supercharged

Kupanga makamera awiri amafuna apamwamba kuwotcherera, chifukwa dongosolo zovuta analandira. Kosavuta kuchita zonse mu beseni limodzi. njira yonse thupi ndi mankhwala zidzachitika mu izo. Mu njira imeneyi, kutentha m'zigawo ku zinthu kuyaka si kusokoneza kuyaka ndondomeko ntchito. Njira akugwira ntchito mu uvuni panalembedwa mpweya ndi supercharging.

Mbaula ndi chatsekedwa chotengera ndi khumudwitsidwa pamwamba pa malamulo kusowa mpweya. Kudzera chigawo chapakati cha chitoliro ndi umaperekedwa ndi mpweya fani. Pambuyo m'pofunika kukhazikitsa vavu cheke mpweya wa flue simukhala mu chipinda pambuyo kuchotsa yokakamiza mpweya okwanira. Pansi pa chitoliro kumaliseche, ndi kuchuluka kwa mabowo kwa kupereka chofunika kuchuluka kwa mpweya afterburner lapansi.

kamangidwe ng'anjo amamwa

Uvuni ntchito kuchokera yamphamvu mpweya supercharged ali ndi mwai mphamvu matenthedwe. Pamene misfeeding mpweya opanikizika imakhala zotsatira zosiyana ndi kuchotsa ndondomeko kuyaka. Ndi yabwino kuonjezera kutalika m'chumunicho, kupanga chigawo yopingasa, umene umapita kumapeto kwa riser lapansi. Izi bwino Kutentha chipinda chifukwa wamkulu pamwamba kutentha kutengerapo, koma muyenera kudziwa kuti pa kutalika kwambiri zigawo yopingasa wa m'chumunicho, ndi katundu akutembenukira mwachibadwa aspirated uvuni sizigwira ntchito. Kutalika kwa chitoliro ayenera osachepera 4 m, awiri -. 10 cm No ankasinthana oposa awiri a m'chumunicho 90 ^0.

Uvuni ntchito ndi supercharging ndi refueling akhoza ntchito nthawi yayitali. Kukula kukula kwa chipinda kuyaka sangakhale: mafuta umafunda mmwamba. Ngati izi zichitika izo kusungunula, kusalankhula kuyatsa wambirimbiri mafuta amalenga ngozi moto. Mphamvu ladzala osapitirira 2/3 buku la malita mpaka 0.5. Refueling angathe kuperekedwa kudzera mu chubu ndi kachizindikiro malinga ndi lamulo la kulankhulana zotengera kapena kukapanda kuleka kudyetsedwa pamwamba pa nyuzi chubu. mbali yaing'ono ya mafuta kugwa kwa chikho otentha yomweyo vaporized ndi akayaka. Ubwino wa njira ndi pakalibe wambiri otentha mafuta m'chipinda kuyaka, kupanga ngozi ya ejection. Ndiye ngakhale uvuni mini ntchito kuchokera supercharged mukhoza kutenthetsa chipinda motalika kokwanira. vuto lagona kuonetsetsa kupitiriza kwa ndondomeko migodi kukapanda kuleka chakudya, zomwe kawirikawiri ankalamulira zowoneka. Izi zimafunika kuyeretsa mokwanira ndi mlingo wake. Apa, zokonda ayenera zitsanzo mafakitale. Uvuni kwa supercharged ntchito kunja ndipo refilling ntchito yabwino pamene mafuta atomized ndi mpweya.

chipangizo otere anaikapo mu burzhujku ndipo amagwira ntchito bwino. Nkofunika kupereka zithunzi kuwunika mafuta ochokera kunja ng'anjo. Ikuyenda vavu kulamulira, kuchita kwapang'onopang'ono. Kumasintha mphamvu. A ambiri kudya mafuta Sikuti. Pano mmene amaperekedwa ndi kugwa madontho a mafuta padziko otentha chikho. Pamene mafuta umaperekedwa uvuni pang'ono mosavuta kulipira ngongole, kudula kotunga ake.

Self-anapanga dongosolo limene kudyetsa kuchokera thanki kunja mwa yang'anira mafuta zimatengedwa mlingo. Kutumiza mafuta m'chipinda kuyaka ndi kwaiye mwa zotengera kulankhulana. The kusintha ng'anjo mphamvu chifukwa damper mpweya.

Supercharging angagwiritsidwe ntchito kumapangitsanso samatha, monga kuchotsa kothandiza pa zinthu kuyaka - ndondomeko osati kwenikweni kusiyana ndi mpweya jekeseni m'ng'anjo yamoto. Sola nyumba bwino m'njira ziwiri - jekeseni ndi ejection.

Ejectorcleaner mbaula kapangidwe supercharged bwino ngati pali zokwanira mphamvu zimakupiza kuyambira mu 1500 L / h (khitchini, kompyuta kapena mafakitale bh-2).

Njira kuwonjezera dzuwa la ng'anjo

Zambiri mini-uvuni pa ntchito kunja ogwiritsa supercharged si nthawi zonse kukhuta chifukwa cha zokolola otsika ndi magwiridwe otsika. Kusintha ntchito zake zipangizo zambiri ntchito.

1. Uvuni ntchito kunja dera madzi. Job kusankha ng'anjo ndi kutentha kwa Kutentha madzi otentha ndi bungwe ndi strapping thupi koyilo kapena kupanga madzi jekete pa m'chumunicho lapansi. Mu chimake choyamba, koyilo wapangidwa wa chitoliro mkuwa, anamanga-mu nyumba Kutentha dongosolo. Kudzera mwa iye makope zokolola coolant. Jekete madzi unapangidwa zitsulo ndi pamwamba pa thupi ng'anjo. Kudzera kubala kufalitsa coolant madzi. Zipangizo losavuta ndi chitoliro m'kupita mkati chipinda afterburner, ndi nyumba kwa flue lapansi. Kuti ng'anjo kwa supercharged ntchito kuti agwire ntchito, kuchuluka kwa madzi posungira, anakumana nazo, payenera kukhala osachepera malita 30. Economizer limakupatsani kutenthetsa chipinda ndi m'madera ambiri. Uvuni ntchito kunja dera madzi ayenera thanki ndi kuwonjezeka ndi kuda mwadzidzidzi ngati madzi zithupsa. osavomerezeka kukhazikitsa thanki Kakhungu.
2. Air kutentha exchanger. Anthu ambiri amasokoneza ndi supercharged, koma mfundo ya opaleshoni ali osiyana. Losavuta kutentha exchanger ikuwomba uvuni fani. njira sikutanthauza kusintha kulikonse structural, ndipo Kutentha kwa chipinda ali bwino. N'zothekanso nkhonya mpweya kudzera mu chubu ndi wokwera kapena mwa afterburner ritsa, wokwera pamwamba pa mbaula. Chachikulu kusiyana kwa supercharging mpweya kutentha exchanger ndi mpweya sakhala funsani ndi mafuta ndi kuyaka katundu ndipo usavutike khoma. Kwambiri ozizira afterburner ali osavomerezeka, monga kutenthedwa zachilengedwe zoipa oxides asafe. Ndi bwino kutenga kutentha kwa m'chumunicho polowera imene kutentha mankhwala kuyaka ndi 400 ⁰ C.

Zikugwira ntchito uvuni

Choyamba chikukupatsani ng'anjo. Apa, ntchito nsanza, pepala ndi zakumwa flammable. The zosungunulira kapena mafuta anatsanulira padziko mafuta ndi mwamsanga akayaka muuni yaitali. Long tilindira n'zosathekadi, mosiyana anapanga kuyaka madzi nthunzi osakaniza mpweya ndi akayaka ndi thonje. Poyatsira ntchito zakumwa flammable amafuna kusamalidwa.

Kusefukila kwa mafuta sikuloledwa, mwinamwake linanena bungwe angagwe. Pambuyo Kutentha mafuta akuyamba kuwira. Ndondomeko ndi malamulo kutsamwa.

Muli ndi nthawi kutsukidwa ndi burashi waya. Places kumene mwaye pogogoda ndi nyundo.

Ntchito ya wagawo izi, ngati ng'anjo pa ntchito ndi dera madzi, ndi mosalekeza kuunikira, monga pofuna kuti chiwerengero cha coolant sipanatenge m'munsimu yachibadwa. Ndi odana ndi amaundana tiyenera kusamalira mosamala, kupeŵa ake ndi thupi.

Pomaliza

Kuwotcha mafuta zinyalala bwino akonzanso. Makamaka kuti anayamba ng'anjo wapadera pa ntchito kunja supercharged, amene sikutanthauza Kutentha mafuta, ndi mafuta akhoza kutenthedwa mwachindunji. Kuthekera ntchito alinso Mwachangu mkulu, kufika 80%. Amamwa uvuni ntchito kuchokera supercharged akhale a njira iliyonse imene ingakuthandizeni ndalama kwambiri.