"Walter" - mfuti pneumatic. Mfuti "WALTHER P-38"

WALTHER P38 - izo amadzipweteka yekha potsegula mfuti 9-millimeter likungosonyeza opangidwa ku Germany. Kungakupatseni moyo akatemera 10 000. Iwo anayamba kupanga zida Thuringia, ku mzinda wa Zella-Mehlis, kampani "Walter K. Vaffenfabrik".

Provenance

Mu 1936 Fritz Walter g. Pamodzi ndi injiniya Fritz Barthlemensom anali analandira setifiketi pa limagwirira kwa potseka njira mu thunthu. mfundo zake ntchito ndi mu kukhalapo kwa onsewo mu ndege ofukula za latch lapansi. chitukuko Ichi chinali chiyambi mbadwo watsopano wa mfuti German nkhondo pansi pa "Walter" mtundu. Kukhazikitsa woyamba wa dongosolo yagwiridwira mu chimake chachinayi kupanga zida. Komabe, wopambana kukhazikitsa njira ya zinachitikadi osati nthawi imodzi. Unachitika ake anayi zinalephereka zosinthika khamu, amene anali wobisika mtundu choyambitsa. Pambuyo chitsanzo ichi PP 1929 anali kuimaliza kukonza. Iwo anasintha lama fuyusi kapangidwe ndi choyambitsa limagwirira. Tsopano wasanduka malo lotseguka hule. Mu 1938, German mfuti "Walter" Analeredwa ndi Mphamvu ya onyamula la Germany. ntchito zake ndi ambiri, ndipo patapita pafupifupi kwathunthu m'malo "Luger Parabellum,". "WALTHER P-38" anakhala chida kwambiri ambiri ankhondo German. kupanga ake, kuwonjezera pa dera la ulamuliro wa Hitler, izo inakhazikitsidwa ku Belgium ndi Czechoslovakia. Pofuna kuchepetsa zovuta za kupanga ndondomeko panthawi ya nkhondo, ndipo makamaka mu theka lake 2, kupanga luso, "WALTHER P-38" wakhala wosalira. Zida zaka nkhondo anali mapeto rougher ndi kapangidwe popanda katiriji chizindikiro. Mpikisano mfuti "WALTHER P-38" ankagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu Red Army, partisans ndi asilikali a mayiko ena a odana ndi Hitler mgwirizano.

Mbiri ya nthawi unawonongedwa

Nkhondo itatha, kupanga zida Germany kwa nthawi yaitali inaima. Osati chopangidwa ndi mfuti "Walter" (nkhondo). Yopanga adapitiriza pa dera la Republic of Germany Federal yekha mu 1957 pansi pa dzina "P-1" ndi WALTHER kum'pereka kwa Bundeswehr. Kuyambira mu 1957, Tinatulutsa zitsanzo ziwiri: mfuti "WALTHER PPK" ndi "P-1". Onse chitsanzo pambuyo nkhondo ndi opepuka (100 g) anaponyedwa chimango kuchokera aloyi scandium-zotayidwa. Ngakhale cholinga zosoŵa za mfuti apolisi P-38, "WALTHER P-1" udakhala makamaka kwa dziko la zida. Sate-chitatu chitsanzo opangidwa zedi yaing'ono komanso chimango zitsulo. Komabe, Yehova yekha kuigwiritsa ntchito pa malonda. Mu 1976, "Walter" mfuti "P-1", wakhala bwino kwambiri. Kuonjezera moyo utumiki, komanso luso logwiritsa ntchito makatiriji ndi mlandu wamphamvu, zinthu izi kuwonjezera kwa mankhwala:

• chimango, mu dera pakati pa chipata mwamsanga ndi chipata contactor anakhazikitsidwa msomali yopingasa. Mbali imeneyi zimathandiza inu kutenga katundu wa mbiya pamene ntchito. Choncho anakhala zotheka kutalikitsa moyo wa chimango opepuka.
• The makungwa ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito pulagi mbamuikha mu zapamadzi, anapanga wa Stellite. Nkhanizi amakhala ndi mkulu avale kukana. Panthawi imeneyi ya kuchuluka makungwa utumiki, ngakhale ntchito kwambiri ndi mfuti mawu asilikali. Komanso KUYERETSEDWA amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito makatiriji wamphamvu kwambiri ndi mlandu ufa, monga 19 X 9 mamilimita NATO.

mbali Design

Ntchito zokha mtundu mfuti "Walter" ndi chifukwa angadzachite mphamvu ya thunthu ndi njira yake yochepa. Latch inali pakati pa mafunde mu thunthu ndi kukachita ofukula rotational kayendedwe, amachita lanu. Kuchita disengagement wake pachipata, m'pofunika kuchepetsa gawo kumbuyo kwa latch lapansi. Havayo, ndi masika-yodzaza kotenga bala, limene lili mu chigumula mu breech wa thunthu. Limagwirira cha zochita za mfuti "WALTHER P-38" tinganene kuti motere: ndodo munakhala mu ntchito ya mbiya angadzachite mu chimango cha. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, latch ndi zimayenda kuti disengage. Pambuyo compresses awiri kubwerera akasupe. Iwo zili pa ndodo kalozera mu grooves mu chimango cha (pamwamba). Ndiye, pamene decompression ya masika amakankhira wathandizidwa tsinde ndi masika-yodzaza pini anaika mu malo omwewo, potero potulutsa latch. Ndiyeno, ndi mchikakamizo cha bevel ukudzutsidwa ndipo amachita ndi shutter lapansi.

kumanga onse

Mfuti "WALTHER P-38" ali 58 zigawo zikuluzikulu. Pakati pawo:

• The choyambitsa limagwirira (USM) - ali kanthu awiri, ali okonzeka ndi choyambitsa lotseguka. Chogwirira ndi wokhotakhota kanthu kasupe wa mtundu cylindrical. choyambitsa Chikoka pamene hamala mu cocked malo - 2.5 makilogalamu, popanda samovzvodom - 6.5. Choyambitsa bala wokwera kunja kumanja ya chimango lapansi.
• Cheke bokosi - ntchito pamanja kulamulira lama fuyusi. Lili pa shutter kumanzere. Pamene adatchithisira kuchita otetezeka mbadwa nyundo cocked. Komanso pali loko nyundo. kasinthasintha limiter choyambitsa zasiyidwa, n'zotheka kubwerera ku malo choyambirira pamaso cocking chikhalidwe ali olumikizidwa ku makina.
• Choyambitsa.

ntchito makamaka

Kandalama wagawo wa choyambitsa mfuti amafotokozera "WALTHER P-38" amalenga zovuta zina mwa ntchito yake, makamaka pa nkhani ya ntchito ya usilikali. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti matenda malo mbedza amaganizira ndi lama fuyusi m'gulu. Ntchito limagwirira ali mokoma zotsatirazi:

• Amafotokozera choyambitsa amamasulidwa ku malo kutsogolo pamene lama fuyusi ndi ikanazimitsidwa. Izi zachitika popotoloka mbendera pamwamba.
• Ngati lama fuyusi ndi anangotsika, mbedza amakhalabe zomwezo zinali pamaso kutsitsa mbendera.
• Pamene cocking nyundo mbedza chimachititsanso udindo kumbuyo.
• Ngati platoon kapena kwina kupotoza shutter, membala shutter tidzakhalabe malo kutsogolo pamene lama fuyusi.
• Ngati lama fuyusi ndiye angathe ON, chipata sizidzakhala pakamwapo, zikhoza kusokoneza. Pankhaniyi choyambitsa atachotsedwa loko, ndi choyambitsa chimatsatira malo ake kumbuyo.
• Pofuna kupulumutsa mfuti ngakhale pambuyo shutdown inachitika ku kumbuyo udindo wa hule, muyenera tambala. Pambuyo pake, lama fuyusi ayenera m'gulu.
• Ngati choyambitsa ndi anapezerapo pamanja mwa kum'mamatira ndi kukanikiza choyambitsa mbedza akutenga malo kutsogolo.
• Kamodzi lama fuyusi ndi anangotsika, mukhoza kugwiritsa kuwombera DA mode kapena pambuyo cocking. Ngati chachiwiri, mbadwa adzakhala wofatsa ndi waufupi.
• Iwo amachita udindo wa uncoupler choyambitsa bar. Pambuyo kuwombera chipata cha opangidwa pamwamba mu kukhudzana ndi izo. Kuyambira yotsirizira iyi ndi adatchithisira, ndipo motero amachita disconnection ndi sear lapansi. nyale Single n'zotheka kukachitika kuti choyambitsa ndi adatchithisira mpaka mabasi. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu ya choyambitsa ali anakoka, akuyamba.
• Pofuna kupewa kuwombera mosayembekezereka nthawi "nedohoda" pachipata malo zokhoma m'pofunika kuti loko yowotcha pini ndi lama fuyusi yaotomatiki. Malowa ali pamtunda pamwamba hule. Kuti tidziwe wopha anafunika kumasulira chipata mu malo kutsogolo, ntchito zochotsa ndalezo. Malowa ali pamtunda pa mlingo ofanana ndi hule.

mafotokozedwe

Kusunga mfuti "WALTHER P-38" liribe zipolopolo kuposa 8. Latch ndi kuchokera kumbuyo (kutsogolo) Mu mbali ya chogwirira. sitolo latch ntchito ukuchititsa kanthu masika. Pamwamba pa choyambitsa kumbuyo mbale shutter, ili Cholozera. Monga n'zotheka kudziwa pamaso pa katiriji m'chipinda. Index lili ndi maonekedwe a woonda ndodo projecting m'mphepete. Dismantling mfuti "Walter" zimakhalanso m'mbali. Kamodzi makatiriji onse ntchito ndi sitolo idzasoŵa, shutter ayenera kumasuliridwa udindo kumbuyo. Mu nkhani ya kufunika kwa izo boma yapita akhoza adatchithisira kuchedwa ndalezo kwa vavu. Ndi pa mlingo ofanana ndi chinthu choyambitsa ya chimango kumanzere. Ngati mfuti nsinga si m'sitolo yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuchotsa bawuti, m'pofunika pang'ono kukokera mmbuyo. Ndiye iwo ayenera kumasulidwa. Ngati magazini kale zitadzaza, chilichonse doshlet katiriji m'chipinda ndipo "Walter" (Mfuti) kuti tcheru.

Kulunjika mfuti kapangidwe "WALTHER P-38"

1. Mu firearm likugwiritsa ntchito tiwiri awiri masika kubwerera. Iwo anakonza kufanana kwa wina ndi mnzake mu chimango cha munsimu chipata.
2. The ejector ali ndi malo kumanzere, kotero kuti milandu katiriji athandize kumanzere.
3. Pofuna kuthandiza bokosi lama fuyusi ayenera kusiyidwa.
4. Choyambitsa bala limagwirira ali ndi malo awo. Iwo lili chimango kumanja.
5. Chinthu chapadera cha mfuti "WALTHER P-38" - ichi ndi lalifupi bawuti ndi dzenje lalikulu pamwamba. Izi kapangidwe chipata chiri chofunika cha asilikali. Uyamiko kwa Iye, n'zotheka kubala moto mwa kuonerera kudula umene uli zida.

mfuti mitundu "WALTHER P-38" ndi zosintha ake

1. WALTHER AR - zinachitika, 1936, HP - ndi zinachitika chachiwiri.
2. Mfuti P-38 ( "Walter"). Zaka kupanga: kuyambira mu 1939 mpaka m'chaka cha 1945. Kuchokera mochedwa 1945 mpaka 1946 ku mbali kale chopangidwa izo zinapangidwa ngakhale ochepa mfuti chitsanzo ichi. Ndiyeno, kuchokera 1957 mpaka 2004, chida anali kupanga madera angapo mu Republic of Germany Federal.
3. "Walter P-38.K" - Baibulo ano wa mfuti ndi adzafupikitsidwa kuti mamilimita 72 mu mbiya. Anauzidwa mu 1944 Ulamuliro wa Nazi Security kasamalidwe kwa munthu m'madipatimenti zida DM ndodo ya SS ndi Gestapo. Otsimikiza Spree-Werke GmbH ali anamasulidwa mfuti zikwi zingapo chitsanzo ichi. Pamaso kutsogolo wapangidwa chamadzi ndi chipata-casing ndipo ali gawo la izo. Koma kwathunthu anasunga kusintha ntchito. Mfuti "P-38.K" ndi WALTHER sitampu m'malo cyq. Patapita nthawi, chitsanzo ichi ankagwiritsa ntchito zida Utumiki wa State Security mu GDR. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1974 mpaka 1981 ndi "Walter Vaffenfabrik" zofunika kwa odana ndi zigawenga wapadera magulu ogwira mu Germany wamasulidwa 1500 mfuti "P-38.K". Ndipo 200 ankagwiritsa ntchito katiriji likungosonyeza 7,65 "Parabellum".

WALTHER Umarex

"Umareks Walter" - mpweya mfuti likungosonyeza 4,5 mm. Producer - German kampani Umarex. Ndipotu chitsanzo ichi - buku la kudziletsa potsegula firearm mfuti "P-38" anapanga mu 1938 n'kukhala zida yotchuka kwambiri ya WWII. Maonekedwe a zida zamakono ndi lolondola akubwereza zinachitika ake akale. Air Mfuti "Walter PPK S" ( "Umareks") unapangidwa kasakaniza wazitsulo ferro. Lidalembedwa dongosolo "Bloubek". Iwo m'mabaibulo "Walter" kanthu basi mfuti mtundu. Air mfuti ali okonzeka ndi chinthu choyambitsa mu kuchitapo limodzi. Iwo amalola kupanga kumuwombera waukuluwo. Shopu "Walter P-38" ( "Umareks") akugwirizira mipira 20. Kuwombera ali ndi mathamangidwe koyamba za 115-120 m / s. Kutalika kwa mfuti - 21 × 13 × 3 masentimita zochotseka thunthu -. China otchuka, amene ali ndi chida.

Model "P-99m"

Mfuti "Walter" zoopsa ndi bwino mabuku a mtundu uwu wa chida. Izi si kutembenuka zida zankhondo WALTHER P-99. chitsanzo linaonekera pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo ndi mfuti zoopsa "WALTHER PP". Pa nkhani imeneyi, panali otsutsa kwa wina ndi nzake manja. Poyerekeza makhalidwe a mfuti awa ali pafupifupi ofanana. Onse zitsanzo ntchito chimodzimodzi ofooka ndiponso operewera zipolopolo. Kusiyana chachikulu - maonekedwe ndi chiwerengero cha imodzi mlandu makatiriji. Pa mfundo inawo mtsogoleri yamphamvu, chifukwa shopu otakasuka kwa zipolopolo 15 ndi "Walter" - mfuti "P-99m." Komabe, mwayi kwambiri sitinganene kuti, chifukwa ngati chithunzi chimodzi sangathe kuletsa mdani, onse 15 sangatengedwe kukhala chitetezo chodalirika pofuna kudziteteza. Maonekedwe zoopsa mfuti "WALTHER P-99m" wokongola chidwi ndi wokongola. Kwenikweni, ndi tsidya lino la izo ndi ndi osonyeza kwambiri chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake lenileni la "Walter" (Mfuti) alibe akwaniritsa zofunikira zonse akusowa. Mwachitsanzo, monga chomasuka yokonza ndi kuvala chitonthozo. "Walter" mfuti "P-99m", ali pafupifupi kukula. Pa dzanja limodzi, izo sizingakhoze adzatchedwa thumba, chifukwa palibe muyezo mthumba izo sizikugwirizana. Komanso zitsanzo lalikulu izo ndi sizingatheke kunyamula. Kulemera zoopsa mfuti, chifukwa cha kuchuluka ka zili zitsulo aloyi ndi 600 ga, lomwe nthawi 1.5 kulemera kwa lachitsanzo P-22T. kuphatikiza mfuti "WALTHER P-99m" mphamvu. Ichi ndi chifukwa ntchito mu kupanga zotayidwa aloyi manja ndi kusowa kwa mipata mu nyumba-chipata. Komabe, choyambitsa mfuti amadziwikanso zopangidwa aloyi, ndi chifukwa kuti makamaka atengeke mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuipitsidwa ndi kuyeretsa, amene nawonso, zayambitsa nthawi ka zotuluka pa chinthu choyambitsa.

P-88, P-99

Mfuti "Walter" (mpweya) - ndi analogi wa chitsanzo asilikali. Ataganiza kupeza zida zotere, ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo. Choyamba, pamaso kutsegula kwa ma CD ndi mpweya makatiriji mbali ake akunja ayenera kufufuzidwa pamaso pa ufa woyera kapena chikasu. Mu nkhani ya kudziwika kwake, bokosi ali osavomerezeka kutsegula, kuyambira pamaso pa zolengeza limasonyeza makatiriji kutayikira. Komanso, pamene kugula muyenera fufuzani akuti Mlengi pa chizindikiro pansi pa zapamadzi, komanso ngati kuti tione litsatidwe zili lenileni la nkhani pa ma CD.