Wambiri Sholokhov. Mwachidule za wamkulu Russian wolemba

Mu Soviet Union, dzina la wolemba ankadziwa kuti aliyense wophunzira. Ambiri mwa ntchito zake aphatikizidwa pulogalamu mokakamizidwa mabuku Russian wa choyamba kudzera sukulu chakhumi. Koma masiku ano, sukulu sindimaphunzitsa ophunzira mbiri wathunthu Sholokhov. Mwachidule anafotokoza ntchito yake, koma zimenezi si zokwanira kulenga chithunzi thunzi chokwanira cha umunthu wa wolemba. Ambiri mwa ntchito zake alibe chidwi ndi maphunziro kusukulu. Komabe, izi ndi chabe opanda nzeru, chifukwa ambiri a nkhani ndipo patapita ndi ntchito yaikulu kwambiri za cholembera chake, kulimbikitsa maphunziro ndi makhalidwe abwino pakati pa ophunzira. N'chifukwa chiyani anasiya kuphunzira sukulu? Zedi, iwo atumikire monga Hadadi zina mabuku kufotokoza zochitika za m'mbuyomu pa kaonedwe ka mboni yoona ndi maso. Pa izi mfundo mbiri anauza yonena wathunthu wa Sholokhov. Mwachidule amatiuza za kupambana onse a munthu wamkulu uyu, amenenso ali wolandira wa mmodzi wa mphoto zapamwamba kwambiri mu dziko - Nobel, sangathe. anathandiza kutukula mabuku Soviet, ndi mapangidwe chikumbumtima anthu, ndi yofunika kwambiri.

Sholohov Mihail Aleksandrovich. mbiri yamoyo ndi maphunziro

Malo aakulu wolemba Soviet mu 1905 pa Don, mu hamlet yaing'ono, m'banja la wamalonda Aleksandra Mihaylovicha Sholohova ndipo zakale wamba serf Anastasia Danilovna. Mu 1912, zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri Michael zapatsidwa kwa makolo mu sukulu parishi anyamata. Ataphunzira kuno kwa chaka, iye anatumizidwa ku sukulu Bogucharsky. Ndi pamene nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse, ndipo kenako Civil nkhondo, maphunziro ankafunika. Mu buku la "Mikhail Sholokhov. Mwachidule Wambiri "(pambuyo wolemba anapambana Nobel Prize, za iye, za mbiri wake ndi ntchito zake afalitsidwa Mabaibulo ambiri) muli mawu a wolemba:" Ndinabadwira mwa nkhondo yapachiweniweni . Pa Don " Izi zikutanthauza kuti umunthu wa wolemba kwambiri mukopedwe ndendende chithunzi nthawi ino.

Pamene, m'chaka cha 1919, anali Upper Cossack kugalukira, 14 wazaka Michael anapitiriza zinthu zonse za chaka ichi chikhale chikumbukiro chake ndi anafotokoza mu buku lake "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don". Chaka chotsatira, anayamba zofunika pa moyo. wophunzitsa woyamba mu kumidzi sukulu yophunzitsa, ndiye ankagwira ntchito yowerengetsera ndalama, chabwino, ndiye, msonkho Woyang'anira. Chifukwa chakuti iye amangosankha wasankha kuchepetsa msonkho pa osauka, ali pa kuzengedwa ndi chilango cha imfa ndi kuwombera kumuwombera. Ndi tsoka, ngati mbiri imeneyi. Sholokhov mwachidule ndi Eti m'ndende amatchedwa "nahalenkom". Pali ankayembekezera tsoka lake. Komabe, chiganizo posachedwa, Mwamwayi, m'malo m'ndende. Pambuyo m'ndende, iye anaganiza zopita ku Moscow, kumene amagwira ganyu m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, likulu amadandaula chilakolako yosalephera kulemba. essays wake, satires ndi nkhani yochepa ayamba kusindikizidwa atolankhani. Pa zaka 19, anakwatira mkazi wokongola-Muscovite Maria Petrovna, amene adzakhala ndi moyo masiku onse a moyo wake. Chaka chotsatira, iye anapita kunyumba, analemba "The Don Nkhani" ndipo anapeza kuti chilengedwe cha "Matama Umayenda ya Don", umene kenako kusindikizidwa mu magazini "October". Gorky kuwerenga ntchito imeneyi, akulankhula za wolemba wamng'ono akatswiri monga luso. Ndiye Sholokhov analemba "Virgin Nthaka Upturned". Odala mphindi mu ntchito ya wolemba ndi kuzindikira talente yake Stalin.

Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse mu moyo wa Sholokhov

Chiyambireni cha nkhondo, anachita nkhondo mtolankhani. Sholokhov nawo Nkhondo ya Stalingrad, kenako amayamba alembe buku "Iwo anamenya pa Mama Chawo". Pakuti utumiki kutsogolo, analandira mphoto nkhondo.
Mu 1965, chifukwa buku "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don" Sholokhov ndi kupereka mphoto ya Nobel mu Literature, ndipo zaka 2 anakhala Hero wa Socialist Labor. Kenako, wolemba mtolankhani analandira mphoto zingapo yapamwamba ndi mphatso. Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake, iye ndi mkazi wake anakhala m'dziko lakwawo, kumene anakafa pa zaka 79. Ndicho lonse yonena Sholokhov. Mwachidule koma yatanthauzo.