Yoyeza - makampani migodi sayansi

History yoyeza anayamba kale - 5 zikwi zapitazo. Kodi ndi - kafukufuku wanga ndi yoyeza wanga. mawu achilendo zokhudza sayansi, ndi nthawi ya chiyambi German. Germany wakhala mtsogoleri m'munda wa zomangamanga. zinthu zambiri zokhudzana zosiyanasiyana mafakitale, ndi maina German.

Ndichiyani kafukufuku wanga

Makampani lonse kugwirizana ndi migodi, kafukufuku wanga amatchedwa. The pomasulira ku njira German "malire kulekanitsa" kapena mezhevschik. Yoyeza kumafuna kudziŵa malire a migodi bwino madipoziti, koma mpaka pano chinkhoswe mu tanthauzo lenileni la gawo zikuchokera, yeniyeni okhudza malo ililipo, kufunika chitukuko - zonse chikugwirizana ndi chitukuko zina mulingo woyenera ndi ntchito gawo lapansi. Woyeza amatenga deta onse kuchokera yokonza wotsatira wa chowaloleza awo, maganizo ndi chifaniziro mawonekedwe pa mapulani wasenza.

Only nyama wakale

Woyeza - wakale kwambiri nthambi za sayansi ndi umisiri. Woyamba ntchito wanga unayamba IV-III zaka BC. Iwo zimasungika m'madera ena a dziko lero, ifenso anali anapezazo ndi zojambula kapangidwe zochitika mtsogolo. Ena ziwembu anapanga mipukutu zina, a aunika - madzi akuda buluu, chikasu mchenga. Werengani ofotokozera kwa zojambula anasonyeza kuti anali chisanadze geodetic miyezo. Ndipo ngati geodesy kale m'zaka za m'ma ine ndiri chida chake choyamba - diopter pa chomwe pambuyo theodolite linakhazikitsidwa, ndi woyeza ali yekha anavomera, koma anakhala nthambi wodzilamulira okha Ages Middle. Mkubwela kwa malo migodi, mavuto uka, ntchito yatsopano anali atakhala. zanga zambiri wokwatibwa ndi eni angapo, ndipo malire pakati m'madera awo anayenera kuti zodziwika onse pansi ndi kozama ake. Izi mfundo yaikulu ya mwambo watsopano. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mwina, panali dzina lake - "woyeza".

Zikamera chilango latsopano

Zikuoneka osiyanasiyana akatswiri pa mlandu uno wokha, luso miyeso migodi anayamba kuphunzitsa mayunivesite akale. M'zaka za m'ma XV pali woyamba akatswiri chipangizo - phiri kampasi. chiwerengero cha miyezo wofunikila una wa m'migodi ndi quarries zida kuwonjezeka nthawi zonse, zochita zake zidakhala zovuta kuzimvetsa kwambiri. Kuchitila woyenera ntchito zofunika ndi akatswiri. Popeza kuwerengetsera akhala akugwira ntchito ku malo ambiri anthu m'chikondi cha dziko lapansi, akatswiri anali kutenga maphunziro apamwamba mkhalidwe wa anthu.

Russian wanga kafukufuku, monga migodi onse ndi makampani lonse, analandira kutsogolera kwambiri kutukula pansi Peter I. Amapita monga maziko kukwaniritsa sukulu German mafakitale anali wodzilemekeza ndi anapezazo Russian amisiri. Mu Russia, izo anayamba kufalitsa apadera mabuku sayansi, adzaika zokambirana kupanga zida mwatsatanetsatane (yomwe ku Russian Academy of Sciences chikalata Zimalondolera, quadrants, astrolabes a kwambiri khalidwe), lotseguka apamwamba, imene chakudya akatswiri apamwamba. Mu XVIII atumwi ku Russia anatsegula woyamba bungwe maphunziro (sukulu) kukonzekera akatswiri yekha migodi ndi yoyeza wanga. Ndipo ayamikira mkulu wa migodi komanso mafakitale zitsulo za Urals anauzidwa zafotokozeredwa "Factory Malamulo" pansi pa ndime VI, chakuti malo yoyeza wamkulu, kapena mezhevschika, akatswiri yekha mlingo wapamwamba unatengedwa.

Mtundu wa yoyeza national

The njira ambiri woyeza Kafukufuku anayamba M. V. Lomonosov. Mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha kafukufuku dziko wanga mwachita zambiri asayansi Russian monga GA Maksimovic, wolemba mabuku, PA Olyshev, anatulukira Russian theodolite ndi chitoliro eccentric, G. A. Time, amene lofalitsidwa pa ntchito ya theodolite ndi kampasi woyendetsa wanga choncho. Great phindu V. I. Baumana, kulinganiza kwa ziwiri Union Congress wa oyeza Russian - mu 1913 ndi 1921. Mu 1905, anafalitsa ntchito "Njira ya woyeza luso," ndipo mu 1921, kwa nthawi yoyamba mu Russia (Petrograd Migodi Institute), ndi zapaderazi latsopano, akatswiri okonzeka oyeza polima. Tikumbukenso nyota PM Lentovskogo, amene anaphunzira sayansi mu France ndi Germany. Atabwerera, anakhazikitsa woyamba akatswiri magazini malonda ndipo analenga yoyeza kukhazikika makina.

Mu 1938, ku Kharkov inatsegula fakitale kwa kupanga zipangizo zina zapadera, amene anamasulidwa pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana Gyro M-1 ndiponso kuya DA-2.

Yabwino ntchito - malipiro abwino

Mu tsarist Russia, ntchito ya zomangamanga wakhala wolemekezedwa ndi bwino malipiro. Ipatiev House chikutchedwa injiniya Ipatiev, mwini lotsiriza la Nyumbayi ndi. Royal kalaliki mkulu mlingo angakwanitse mwanaalirenji kunyumba ndi moyo wabwino. Mu nthawi Union, zapaderazi "injiniya-yoyeza" analibe mpikisano aliyense. Mwina tsopano chinachake kusintha kwa bwino.