Zida za Knight akale: chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

Zida za Ankhondo akale, chithunzi ndi kufotokoza zimene zili m'nkhani akhala zovuta njira chisinthiko. Iwo Tingaone mu zakale zida. Iyi ndi ntchito ya luso.
Iwo kudabwa osati kwa katundu wake wotetezera, komanso apamwamba, mogometsa. Komabe, anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti chitsulo cholimba zida za Ankhondo akale zinamuchitikira nthawi mochedwa chi. Zinali alibe chitetezo yaitali, kavalidwe, zomwe anatsindika wapamwamba wa mwini. Ndi analogue a masuti ano mtengo malonda. Malinga ndi iye kotheka adzaweruza zinthu m'dziko lapansi. Zambiri za izi Tikambirana zina, tiyerekeze chithunzi Medieval Ankhondo zida. Koma woyamba kumene adalikunkako.

Zida loyamba

Zida ndi zida za Ankhondo akale zayambika pamodzi. Izi ndi zomveka. Kuwonjezera kudzera woopsa kwenikweni kumabweretsa chitukuko cha chitetezo. Ngakhale mu nthawi ya mbiri isanayambe anthu ena anayesa kuteteza thupi lake. Zida anali zikopa za nyama choyamba. Iye ali otetezedwa bwino kwa zipangizo sanali pachimake: tirigu nyundo, nkhwangwa, wosazindikira, etc. Ungwiro kukwaniritsa Aselote yakaleyi ... zikopa wawo nthawi zina anali ngakhale mikondo lakuthwa ndi mivi. N'zosadabwitsa chamene chitetezo anapanga kumbuyo. Nzeru anali izi: mu kuliukira akanakhoza kutenga malo ogona kwa zipolopolo a. Backstab sangathe kuona. Flight ndi mthunzi anali gawo la machenjerero nkhondo ya anthu awa.

nsalu zida

anthu ochepa mukudziwa, koma zida za Knight akale mu nthawi oyambirira zinali za nkhaniyi. Iwo anali kovuta kusiyanitsa kuchokera zovala mtendere wamba. Kusiyana kokha kuti iwo anali glued zigawo zingapo za chuma (kuti zigawo 30). Awa anali mapapo, kuchokera makilogalamu 2 mpaka 6, wotchipa zida. Mu nyengo ndewu misa ndi primitiveness akuigwiritsa zipangizo - ndi njira yabwino. militiaman aliyense akanatha chitetezo choterocho. N'zosadabwitsa zida ngati anakhalabe ngakhale mwala adagadabula mibvi Imene kusuntha anakhomerera chitsulo. Ichi chinali chifukwa cha depreciation wa nsalu. Olemera m'malo ntchito malaya quilted, modzaza horsehair, ubweya, hemp.

Anthu a Caucasus mpaka m'ma 19 ntchito podziteteza ofanana. ubweya awo felted chofunda kawirikawiri amadula saber kupirira kugunda osati mivi koma zipolopolo kwa mfuti ndi mamita 100. Kumbukirani zida zotere pa asilikali athu mpaka Crimea Nkhondo ya 1955-1956, pamene asilikali anaphedwa pa European rifled mfuti.

zida chikopa

M'malo mwa nsalu anabwera zida Ankhondo chikopa akale. Ponseponse iwo ali ndi Russia. Ambuye a khungu ambiri anayamikira pa nthawi.

Ku Ulaya, iwo anali bwino anakamba, popeza ntchito crossbows ndi mauta - amakonda njira ya ku Ulaya pa Ages Middle. Chikopa chitetezo ntchito ndi anthu oponya mivi ndi crossbowmen. Iwo amateteza apakavalo kuwala, komanso abale m'manja mbali ina. Chapatali iwo sakanakhoza kupirira akapichi ndi mivi.

Makamaka anayamikira njati khungu. Mwamvetsa izo zinali zosatheka. Anthu olemera okha akanatha. Zinali ndi kuwala chikopa zida za Ankhondo akale. Kulemera anali ku makilogalamu 4 ndi 15.

Evolution pa zida: zida lammelyarnye

kusanduka Komanso amapezeka - ayamba kupanga zitsulo zida Ankhondo akale. mtundu umodzi - lammelyarye zida. Kutchula koyamba za njira imeneyi ikuoneka Mesopotamia. Zida kumeneko zinali za mkuwa. Mu Middle Ages luso ofanana anayamba ntchito zitsulo zozitetezera. Lammelyarnye zida ndi scaled zipolopolo. Iwo anali wodalirika kwambiri. Only atagonjetsa ndi zipolopolo. drawback yaikulu - kulemera kwa makilogalamu 25. Kuvala yekha n'zosatheka. Komanso, ngati Knight anagwa kuchokera kavalo wake, iye anali kwathunthu zopanda. Kunali kosatheka kuti akwere.

makalata

Zida za Ankhondo akale mu mawonekedwe a unyolo makalata anali ambiri. Kale m'zaka za m'ma 12, iwo anakhala ambiri. Zida ringed kulemedwa zochepa: makilogalamu 8-10. Complete zida kuphatikizapo masokosi, chipewa, magolovesi, mpaka kufika makilogalamu 40. The mwayi waukulu - zida si asagwiritse kuyenda. Kuzikwanitsa tabadwa olemekezeka olemera. Inabuka mwa kalasi pakati limachitika mu 14 TH atumwi, pamene olemekezeka olemera kuvala mbale zida. Pa iwo Tikambirana zina.

zida

Mbale Zida - pachimake chirengedwe. Only ndi chitukuko cha luso zitsulo kulipira izo zikanakhala zotheka kuti akonze ntchito ngati luso. Mbale Zida wa Ankhondo a Zapakati ndi manja yanu sizingatheke. Zinali limodzi monolithic chipolopolo. Kukwanitsa chitetezo ngati zinangokhala olemera olemekezeka. yogawa awo chimachititsa malemu Middle Ages. Knight mu mbale zida nkhondo - weniweni oti muli nazo zida thanki. Nkhondo zinali zosatheka. Mmodzi wankhondo ngati pakati pa asilikali nsonga mamba kwa chigonjetso. Italy - malo a chitetezo choterocho. dziko lino anali ambuye wotchuka kwa kupanga zida.

Chikhumbo ndi chitetezo katundu chifukwa machenjerero a asilikali a asilikali okwera pamahatchi akale. Choyamba, iye afika mu yamba wotchera mabungwe serried. Childs, pambuyo kugunda limodzi ndi mphero ndi oyenda nkhondo inatha mu chigonjetso. Choncho, mu mzera wakutsogolo anali olemekezeka kwambiri mwayi, amene anali mfumu. Knights zida pafupi kufa. Kunali kosatheka kuti aphe pa nkhondo, ndipo pambuyo nkhondo akaidiwo osati anaphedwa olemekezeka, kuyambira aliyense ankadziwa mzake. mdani dzulo ndi lero lidzasinthidwa wina. Komanso, kuwombola ndi kugulitsa akaidi olemekezeka zambiri anali cholinga chachikulu cha nkhondo. Ndipotu nkhondo akale anali ngati jousting thupi. Iwo kawirikawiri kufa "anthu abwino", koma nkhondo yeniyeni ndi sizinachitike. Choncho, tikufunika kuwongolera zonse uka.

"The nkhondo mtendere"

Mu 1439 ku Italy, kunyumba ya ambuye yabwino ya blacksmithing, nkhondo zinachitika pafupi ndi mudzi wa Anghiari. Ankhondo Panapita zikwi zingapo nawo. Patapita maola anayi a nkhondo anapha Wankhondo imodzi yokha. Iye anagwa kuchokera kavalo wake ndipo anagwa pansi ziboda zake.

Kutha kwa nyengo nkhondo zida

England kutha "mtendere" ya nkhondo. Limodzi la nkhondo za English, kutsogozedwa ndi Henry XIII, amene anali kakhumi zochepa wamphamvu Wales ntchito mauta ndi olemekezeka French mu lats. Akuguba molimba, iwo otetezeka. Tangoganizani anadabwa pamene pamwamba pa Boom anayamba kutsanulira. Mantha anali kuti mpaka ndiye anali sunachimenye pamwamba pa Knights. Ndi chotupa mazunzo ntchito zishango. Close kuti chimene adzatsekeredwa kutetezedwa mauta ndi crossbows. Komabe, chida Wales akhoza mkatikati zida pamwamba. kugonjetsedwa ili pa chiyambi cha Zapakati, kupha "anthu abwino" wa France, kuthetsa nkhondo izi.

Zida - chizindikiro cha apamwamba

Zida nthawi zonse anali chizindikiro cha apamwamba, osati Europe komanso padziko lonse. Ngakhale chitukuko cha zida zankhondo si kuthetsa ntchito zawo. Zida nthawizonse zinasonyeza odula manja, iwo anali ophunzira yunifolomu. Amavala zikondwerero, zikondwerero zake, misonkhano boma. Kumene, miyambo zida anapanga Baibulo opepuka. Mugawo ntchito zawo nkhondowo anali mu Japan pofika m'zaka za m'ma 19, pa kupanduka kwa asilikaliwo lapansi. Komabe, mfuti anapeza kuti mlimi aliyense ndi mfuti ndi mogwira mtima kuposa momwe usirikali ndi mfuti ozizira, atavala zida lolemera.

Zida Knight a Ages Middle: Kufotokozera

Choncho tingachipeze powerenga chitsanzo pafupifupi Knight inkakhala zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Chisoti. M'zaka za m'ma 10-13-TH Norman ntchito rondache lotseguka, conical mawonekedwe kapena eggheads. Front ananamizira nanosnik - zitsulo mbale. Patapita ankakonda mchitidwe mwa mseri munthu chisoti olemekezeka lalikulu. Zinali ntchito yaluso. Malinga ndi iye anali n'zotheka kudziwa mwini.
• Zida. Long unyolo makalata mawondo ake ndi manja ndi koyfonom, zitsulo nyumba. Iye anali mabala mbali zonse pa Betelehemu ndi kayendedwe zosavuta ndi kukwera kavalo. Pansi Ankhondo ake anavala gambeson - ofanana nsalu zida. Iye mantha mayamwidwe chitsulo, izo munakhala muvi.
• Highway - Mail masitonkeni.
• Rondache - chishango. Chitetezo ku mivi, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi malupanga wina chimanjamanja pa Nkhondo za Mtanda. Ndili ndi kuzungulira kapena mawonekedwe chowulungika. Komabe ambiri anayala rondache tapered mawonekedwe a mmunsi kutetezela phazi lake lamanzere.

Zida ndi zida si yunifolomu mu mbiri yonse ya Ages Middle, monga iwo amagwira ntchito ziwiri. Choyamba - chitetezo. The chachiwiri - zida anali chosiyana khalidwe la wapamwamba. A chipangizo chisoti midzi yonseyo ndi serfs zingawatayitse. Osati aliyense angathe kukwanitsa kugula. Izi imakhudzanso zida zaulimi. Choncho, kupeza miyeso iwiri zofanana kunali kosatheka. Ang'onoang'ono zida - palibe logwirizana mawonekedwe kulemba anthu usilikali asilikali nthawi ina. Iwo amadziŵika umunthu.